In the previous module,

we have discussed the process

of developing learning
outcomes
Teachers must develop test
items that should match with the
learning outcomes appropriately
and accurately
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 Module 2:
Development and
Administration of Test
 The general principles
of testing, the different qualities
of assessment tools, steps in
developing assessment tools,
format of table of specifications
and different types of classroom
assessment tools

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 Planning a
Written Test
Learning Outcomes
Set appropriate instructional objectives
for a written test

Prepare a table of specifications for a

written test

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Planning a
Test

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1. Identifying test learning outcomes

Why do you need to define the test learning outcomes

targeted for assessment?
Clear articulation of learning outcomes is a primary consideration in
lesson planning because it serves as the basis for evaluating the
effectiveness of the teaching learning process determined through testing
or assessment.

What are the objectives for testing?

Cognitive behaviors of learning outcomes are usually
targeted.

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2. Deciding on what type of
objective test to be prepared.

• The test objectives guide the kind of objective

test that will be designed and constructed by
the teacher
• At all times, the test to be formulated must be
aligned with the learning outcomes.

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3. Preparing a Table of Specification
(TOS)

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What is a Table of Specification (TOS)?

-a test blueprint

- is a table that maps out the test objectives,

contents, or topics covered by the test; the levels of
cognitive behavior to be measured; the distribution of
items, number, placement, and weights of test items;
and the test format.

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The TOS is important because it does the following:

 Ensures that the instructional objectives and what the

test captures match

 Ensures the test developer will not overlook details

that are considered essential to a good test

 Makes developing a test easier and more efficient

 Ensures that the test will sample all important content

areas and processes

 Offers an opportunity for teachers and students to

clarify achievement expectations
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What are the general
steps in developing a
table of specifications?

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1. Determine the objective
of the test

When planning for assessment,

choose only the objectives that
can be best captured by a
written test. There are
objectives that are not meant for
a written test.
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2. Determine the coverage
of the test.
Only topics or contents that
have been discussed in
class and are relevant
should be included in the
test.
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3. Calculate the weight for each topic.

The weight assigned per topic in the test is

based on the relevance and the time spent
to cover each topic during instruction. The
percentage of time for a topic in a test is
determined by dividing the time spent for
that topic during instruction by the total
amount of time spent for all topics covered
in the test.

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 Topic No. of Sessions Time Spent Percent of Time
(WEIGHT)
Theories and 0.5 class session 30 min
Concept 10.0
Psychoanalytic 1.5 class sessions 90 min
Theories 30.0
Trait Theories 1 class session 60 min
20.0

Humanistic 0.5 class session 30 min

Theories 10.0
Cognitive Theories 0.5 class session 30 min
10.0
Behavioral Theories 0.5 class session 30 min
10.0

Social Learning 0.5 class session 30 min

Theories 10.0

TOTAL 5 class sessions 300 min or 5 hours

100.0
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4. Determine the number of items for
the whole test.
To determine the number of items to be considered, the amount
of time needed to answer the items are considered.

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5. Determine the number of items per topic.
To determine the number of items to be included in
the test, the weights per topic are considered.

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What is the format of a
test table of
specifications?

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Thanks!
Any questions?

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