PETE 440

Well Testing
Fall 2023-20
Dr. Mahmut Parlaktuna

CONVENTIONAL PVT MEASUREMENTS

PETE 216 WELL TESTING 1

 STANDARD PVT TESTS
Compositional Analysis (CA)
Multistage Separation (MSS)
Constant Composition Expansion (CCE) (Flash
vaporization test)
Differential Liberation Expansion (DLE)
(Differential vaporization test)
Constant Volume Depletion (CVD)

PETE 440 WELL TESTING 2

PETE 440 WELL TESTING 3
 OIL PVT ANALYSES
 Bottomhole wellstream compositional
analysis through C7+,
 CCE
 DLE
 MSS

PETE 440 WELL TESTING 4

 COMPOSITIONAL ANALYSIS
GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY (GC)
LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY (LC)

PETE 440 WELL TESTING 5

 GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY (GC)

PETE 440 WELL TESTING 6

 GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY (GC)

TCD FID

PETE 440 WELL TESTING 7

 GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY (GC)

PETE 440 WELL TESTING 8

PETE 440 WELL TESTING 9
 Constant Composition Expansion

PETE 440 WELL TESTING 10

 Constant Composition Expansion

PETE 440 WELL TESTING 11

 Constant Composition Expansion
Pressure (psig) Relative Volume Y Function Density (g/cm3)
5000 0.9639 0.6808
4500 0.9702 0.6763
4100 0.9756 0.6726
4000 0.9770 0.6716
3500 0.9845 0.6665
3000 0.9928 0.6609
2900 0.9946 0.6597
2800 0.9964 0.6585
2700 0.9984 0.6572
2620 1.0000 0.6562
2605 1.0021
2591 1.0042
2516 1.0157
2401 1.0353
2253 1.0648 2.497
2090 1.1041 2.418
1897 1.1627 2.325
1698 1.2415 2.229
1477 1.3611 2.122
1292 1.5000 2.033
1040 1.7839 1.911
830 2.1709 1.810
640 2.7603 1.718
472 3.6961 1.637

PETE 440 WELL TESTING 12

 Constant Composition Expansion
6000

5000

4000
Pressure (psig)

Bubble point
3000
Pb

2000

1000

0
0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0
Relative Volume

PETE 440 WELL TESTING 13

 Constant Composition Expansion

Above bubblepoint

1  V 
co =-  
V  P T

PETE 440 WELL TESTING 14

 Constant Composition Expansion
2.6

2.4

2.2

2.0
Y function

1.8

  Pb -P  
1.6  
 P 
Y=
  Vt -Vb  
1.4  
 Vb 
1.2

1.0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
Pressure (psig)

PETE 440 WELL TESTING 15

 Differential Liberation Expansion

VR  T  P 
Bg = =Z    sc 
Vsc  Tsc   P 

PETE 216 WELL TESTING 16

 Differential Liberation Expansion
Pressure Rsd Rsd Oil density Incremental
Bod2 Btd3 Z B g4
(psig) (SCF/bbl)1 (vol/vol)1 (g/cm3) gas gravity
2620 854 152 1.600 1.600 0.6562
2350 763 136 1.554 1.665 0.6655 0.846 0.00685 0.825
2100 683 122 1.515 1.748 0.6731 0.851 0.00771 0.818
1850 612 109 1.479 1.859 0.6808 0.859 0.00882 0.797
1600 544 97 1.445 2.016 0.6889 0.872 0.01034 0.791
1350 479 85 1.412 2.244 0.6969 0.887 0.01245 0.794
1100 416 74 1.382 2.593 0.7044 0.903 0.01552 0.809
850 354 63 1.351 3.169 0.7121 0.922 0.02042 0.831
600 292 52 1.320 4.254 0.7198 0.941 0.02931 0.881
350 223 40 1.283 6.975 0.7291 0.965 0.05065 0.988
159 157 28 1.244 14.693 0.7382 0.984 0.10834 1.213
0 0 0 1.075 0.7892 2.039

Gravity of residual oil = 35.1 °API @ 60 °F

1
Volume of gas at the standard conditions per volume of residual oil.
2
Volume of oil at indicated pressure and temperature per volume of oil at the standard conditions.
3
Volume of oil plus liberated gas at indicated pressure and temperature per volume of residual oil at the standard conditions.
4
Volume of gas at indicated pressure and temperature per volume at the standard conditions.

PETE 440 WELL TESTING 17

 Multistage Separation Test

PETE 440 WELL TESTING 18

 Multistage Separation Test
Formation Separator
Specific
Separator Gas oil ratio Gas oil ratio Stock-tank oil gravity Volume volume
gravity of
Pressure (psig) (SCF/bbl)1 (SCF/STB)2 (°API at 60 °F) factor factor
flashed gas
(vol/vol)3 (vol/vol)4
715 737 1.031 0.840
50 to 0
41 41 40.5 1.481 1.007 1.338
637 676 1.062 0.786
100 to 0
91 92 40.7 1.474 1.007 1.363
542 602 1.112 0.732
200 to 0
177 178 40.4 1.483 1.007 1.329
478 549 1.148 0.704
300 to 0
245 246 40.1 1.495 1.007 1.286

1
GOR per barrel of oil at indicated pressure and temperature.
2
GOR per barrel of stock-tank oil at 60 °F.
3
FVF per barrel of stock-tank oil at 60 °F.
4
Separator oil volume factor per barrel of stock-tank oil at 60 °F.

PETE 440 WELL TESTING 19

 Multistage Separation Test
800 1.500

1.495
795
1.490
790
1.485

Oil FVF (vol/vol)

GOR (SCF/STB)

785
1.480

780 1.475

1.470
775
1.465
770
1.460
GOR (SCF/STB)
765 FVF
1.455

760 1.450
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Pressure (psig)
41.0

40.9

40.8

Stock-tank oil gravity (°API)

40.7

40.6

40.5 Oil gravity

40.4

40.3

40.2

40.1

40.0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Pressure (psig)

PETE 440 WELL TESTING 20

 GAS CONDENSATE PVT ANALYSES
 Recombined Wellstream Compositional Analysis
(CA)
 Constant Composition Expansion (CCE) (Flash
vaporization test)
 Constant Volume Depletion (CVD)

PETE 440 WELL TESTING 21

 Constant Composition Expansion
Pressure (psig) Relative volume (V/Vsat)3 Z4 Volume of Retrograde liquid (%)5
7975 0.9395 1.2866 0.00
7540 0.9599 1.2429 0.00
7250 0.9765 1.2158 0.00
71831 0.9787 1.2074 0.00
7105 0.9826 1.1991 0.00
6960 0.9935 1.1876 0.00
68222 1.0000 1.1718 0.00
6743 1.0068 1.1660 0.30
6598 1.0174 1.1530 0.82
6380 1.0312 1.1302 1.73
6090 1.0550 1.1039 2.92
5655 1.0971 1.0661 4.79
5075 1.1687 1.0120 7.18
4495 1.2632 0.9764 9.40
3915 1.3959 0.9401 11.02
3335 1.5841 0.9094 12.40
2610 1.9773 0.8894 13.15

1
Initial reservoir pressure
2
Saturation pressure at reservoir temperature
3
Vsat = volume of fluid at saturation pressure and reservoir temperature
4
Z=PV/nRT (n total number of moles)
5
(Volume of retrograde liquid at indicated pressure / total volume at saturation pressure)*100
PETE 440 WELL TESTING 22
 Constant Composition Expansion
2.5 14

12

2.0
10
Relative Volume (V/V sat)

Liquid volume (%)

8
1.5

1.0
4
Relative volume (V/Vsat)
Volume of Retrograde liquid (%) 2
0.5

0.0 -2
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000
Pressure (psig)

PETE 440 WELL TESTING 23

 Constant Volume Depletion

PETE 440 WELL TESTING 24

 Constant Volume Depletion
Volume of
Specific gravity of
Pressure (psig) Cumulated production (%) Z Retrograde liquid
produced gas
(%)

7975 0.00 0.943 1.2866 0.00

7540 0.00 0.943 1.2429 0.00

7250 0.00 0.943 1.2158 0.00

7183 0.00 0.943 1.2074 0.00

7105 0.40 0.943 1.1991 0.00

6960 1.51 0.943 1.1876 0.00

6822 2.17 0.943 1.1718 0.00

5800 9.67 0.889 1.0767 4.31

4930 17.66 0.845 1.0056 7.53

3915 29.89 0.797 0.9479 10.18

3045 42.90 0.760 0.9176 11.28

2030 60.29 0.737 0.9171 11.32

1160 76.17 0.728 0.9476 10.49

PETE 216 WELL TESTING 25

 Constant Volume Depletion
12

10
Condensate Drop-out (%)

0
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000
Pressure (psig)

PETE 440 WELL TESTING 26

 Constant Volume Depletion

PETE 440 WELL TESTING 27

 Constant Volume Depletion

PETE 440 WELL TESTING 28