PRESENTATION ON

COUNSELLING PSYCHOLOGY

TOPIC : MODULE III

PRESENTED TO : SIR SUBHAJIT AICH

PRESENTED BY : SHAZIDA PERVEEN

STUDENT CODE : BWU/MAP/22/008
COURSE CODE : APSY302
SEMESTER : 3rd
BRIEF CONTENTS
1. Transference and Countertransference
2. Use of Questions
3. Regarding And Respect In Counselling Relationships.

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 TRANSFERENCE

Transference is the client’s projection of past or present feelings, attitudes, or desires onto the
counselor (Brammer, Abrego, & Shostrom, 1993: Brammer & MacDonald, 2003).

Example – When a client expects the therapist to be judgmental because their father was
judgmental towards them when they were growing up – the feelings associated with the father
transfer onto the therapist.

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 COUNTERTRANSFERENCE

Countertransference refers to the counselor’s projected emotional reaction to or

behavior toward the client (Fauth & Hayes, 2006; Hansen, Rossberg, & Cramer, 1994).

Example – When the therapist disclosing personal information inappropriately to the

client.

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 USE OF QUESTIONS

1. GOOD QUESTIONS

CLOSED QUESTIONS – OPEN QUESTIONS – It typically begins with

A closed question is one that requires a specific what , how or could and allows the client more
and limited response, such as yes or no. latitude to respond.

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 EXAMPLES

CLOSED QUESTIONS OPEN QUESTIONS

“How many children do you have?” “Tell me about your Children?”

“Were you angry?” “How did you feel?”

“Do you have a good relationship with your “Tell me about your relationship with your
parents?” parents.”

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 2. NOT SO GOOD QUESTIONS

LEADING QUESTIONS – Also known as

NON-LEADING QUESTIONS – Also known as
direct questions. It is a type of question that
indirect question. They are polite , longer forms of
pushes respondents to answer in a specific
normal questions and are usually viewed as less
manner, based on the way they are framed. It is
threatening. It is “formal”
“informal”

EXAMPLES

Leading Questions Non-Leading Questions

“Do you and your roommate fight “How do you like your room?”
and argue?”

“Was he threatening you?” “What did he say?”

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 REGARDING AND RESPECT IN COUNSELLING
RELATIONSHIP

According to Rogers(1942), the counselling relationship is comprised of : warmth, responsiveness, &

Unconditional Positive Regard.

Counsellor does not evaluate and judge client’s actions or statements – behaviour is viewed
neutrally. When adopting the theory of unconditional positive regard, this means that you commit to
accepting and valuing your client without judging or criticising them.

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Characteristics:
1. Believe the problem as genuine.
2. Communication – unambiguously
3. Attitude – caring and warmth.
4. Accept client in all facts.
5. Do not criticize the past – enhance the development.

• EMPATHY –
Definition: (Rogers) To sense the client’s private world as if were yours own.
Characteristics :
1. Understand client’s feelings
2. Being sensitive without emotional attachment
3. Ability to feel & perceive problems from clients view

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• UNCONDITIONAL POSITIVE REGARD(Carl Rogers)-
A person is accepted and respected by others as they are, without being judged or
evaluated.
Rogers believed that it was essential for therapist to show unconditional positive
regard to their clients. Individuals who don’t have this type of acceptance from people in
their lives can eventually come to hold negative beliefs about themselves.
Example : A client might reveal a painful memory or trauma. Instead of reacting with
shock, disgust, or pity, a therapist employing UPR would offer empathy and a non-
judgmental stance, emphasizing the client’s strength in sharing such memories.

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 REFERENCES

• Counseling – A Comprehensive Profession Book

By – Samuel T. Gladding

Promila Batra

• Basic counselling skills :Inuit Voices, Modern Methods

By – Marja korhonen, Phd

Ajunnginiq centre at the National Aboriginal Health Organization

• The counselling relationship (regard & respect) –

By – Jaikumar (pdf) 11
PRESENTATION TITLE 12
THANK YOU