Disease

s
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About
Diseases.
A disorder of structure or
function in a human, animal, or
plant, especially one that
produces specific symptoms or
that affects a specific location
and is not simply a direct result
of physical injury.
 About diseases.

Early days World health

Earlier people used to think that Dayaware of being
To make people
these diseases were caused due disease-free and healthy, we
an act of god or by evil spirits. celebrate World health day on
They used to try and cure it by April 7!
sorcery.
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Categories of diseases.
1)How can they be Categorized?

1)Extent Of Occurrence
2)Communicability
3)Kinds Of Pathogens
4)Kinds of transmitting agents
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Extent Of Occurrence

1)Endemic diseases:
• Disease found in a certain area only
attacking a fewer number of people
• Eg. Yellow fever in some countries of
Africa, Goitre in sub-Himalayan regions
2)Epidemic diseases
● Diseases that spread and break out
affecting a large number of people at
the same time
● Eg. Plague in India in 1994
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3)Pandemic diseases:
• An outbreak of a disease that occurs over a
wide geographic area (such as multiple
countries or continents) and typically affects
a significant proportion of the population : a
pandemic outbreak of a disease
• Eg. Acquired Immuno-deficiency syndrome (AIDS),
COVID-19
4)Sporadic diseases
● A sporadic sickness is one that arises seldom
and irregularly
● Eg. Malaria and cholera
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Communicability
1)Non-Communicable:
• No germ of any kind causing the spread.
• Cant be spread even after having contact or any
method.
• Eg. Diabetes, color blindness, heart attack, beri-beri
• Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) kill 41 million people
each year, equivalent to 74% of all deaths globally.
• Each year, 17 million people die from a NCD before age
70; 86% of these premature deaths occur in low- and
middle-income countries.
• Of all NCD deaths, 77% are in low- and middle-income
countries.
• Cardiovascular diseases account for most NCD deaths,
or 17.9 million people annually, followed by cancers
(9.3 million), chronic respiratory diseases (4.1
million), and diabetes (2.0 million including kidney
disease deaths caused by diabetes).
2)Communicable:
• These diseases are spread by germs and these germs are
called pathogens.
• Can be spread even by having contact.
• Eg. Cholera, smallpox, Malaria
• People can reduce their risk of contracting or
transmitting disease-causing pathogens by following
the steps below:
o washing their hands thoroughly and regularly
o disinfecting surfaces at home often, especially
doorknobs and food areas
o disinfecting personal items such as phones
o cooking meats, eggs, and other foods thoroughly
o practicing good hygiene when preparing and handling
food
o avoiding eating spoiled food
 Recap

01 02 03
Extent of Communicabil
Disease
A disorder of structure or function
occurence ity
One of the factors of The most important yet
in a human, animal, or plant,
categorization containing deadliest categories of
especially one that produces
4 types of occurences diseases being split into
specific symptoms or that affects a
non-communicable and
specific location and is not simply a
communicable diseases
direct result of physical injury.
THANK YOU!!