IMPACT OF COLONIALISM ON

FOREST SOCITIES

BY- DEEPANSHI CHAUDHARY

TROPICAL EVERGREEN
FORESTS
These forests are restricted to heavy rainfall.
These are mostly situated at Andaman and Nicobar ,
upper parts of Assam and Tamil Nadu and
Lakshadweep .
The trees reach great heights up to 60 metres or above.
Ebony , Mahogany , Rosewood , Rubber and Cinchona
are few examples of trees found in this region.
Elephant , Monkey Lemur and Deer are few examples of
wildlife found in this region .
Assam and West Bengal are rich in wildlife.
REASONS FOR DEFORESTATION
UNDER COLONIAL RULE
During British rule, there was major deforestation in India.
The problem of deforestation has become more complicated
for some reasons. For a huge increase in population, the
food demand increased and the cultivation area was
extended by clearing forests. The British government
started cultivating commercial crops for which they had to
clear a huge forest area. These were the two main reasons
for deforestation in the British period. They went for
deforestation and increased the land for cultivation.
Between 1880 and 1920, this deforestation occurred.
In this process of the forest
society and colonialism, the
large areas of forest were
cleared for cultivating
commercial crops such as
rubber, tea, coffee, etc. The
British rulers used the
areas because they can
produce the crops at cheap
rates and sell them in
Europe at a high price.
CASE STUDY OF BASTAR
AND ROLE OF GUNDADHUR
Shahid Gundadhur spearheaded the Tribal
Rebellion against the local king and British Rule in Bastar,
Chhattisgarh in 1910, through a violent movement called ‘The
Bhumkal Movement’, the first war of independence. The
increasingly oppressive British Rule in Bastar led to
discontent leading to widespread tribal movement towards a
common motive.
BASTAR’S LOCATION
-GUNDADHUR-
THE IMPACT OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES ON THE
FOREST OF JAVA

Java human impact has become an important

factor with a great local impact on the forest
vegetation. Repeated burning drastically modifies
the original vegetation. Selective tree cutting has
a more subtle impact and depends largely on
accessibility, which itself is related to topography.
The migrants from Asia’s mainland and gradually
agriculture and settlements developed , probably
at the expense of lowland forest in coastal areas.
LOCATION OF JAVA
KALANGAS COMMUNITY OF JAVA