RURAL AWARENESS WORK

EXPERIENCE PROGRAMME
AGRO - INDUSTRY ATTACHMENT PHASE
PRESENTATION ON UTSAV SEEDS PVT. LTD.

C.P. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE

SARDARKRUSHINAGAR DANTIWADA
AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY - 385506
GUJARAT
SUBMITTED TO :
Department of Agri. Economics
C.P. College Of Agriculture

SUBMITTED BY :
Name : Joshi Kuldeep K
Roll No. : C-113
Reg.No. : S1-01991-2020
Semester : 7th
UTSAV SEED PVT.LTD.
INDUSRTY PROFILE :
• HEAD OFFICE :
Gurunanak chowk,
Near ambedkar bhavan,
Sanskar socity, Palanpur
Gujarat 385001
• PROCESSING PLANT :
31.Ravi Estate,
Chadotar, Ghadh Road,
Banaskantha
• E-mail : utsavseeds@gmail.com
STAFF OF UTSAV SEEDS PVT. LTD.

• OWNER: HARESHBHAI G PATEL

• ACCOUNTER : ANKITBHAI R PATEL
• GODOWN MANAGER : PRAKASHBHAI PATEL
• SALES MEN : SANJAYBHAI PATEL
• OPERATOR : JYANTIBHAI DARBAR
 INTRODUCTION :
• Seed is a basic unit of Agriculture.
• Seed processing is a project in Agriculture sector in
which Approved/Certified seeds of crop will be
produced through the multiplication of basic seed
(Breeder seed), Which will be aquired from seed
research institute and Seed Corporations.
• In this business approved seed will be processed and
marketed in the local market.
• The processing of seed involves cleaning, grading,
treating, packing and operations.
SEED PROCESSING :
• Seed processing is a vital part of the total technology
involved in making available high quality seed.
• It assures the end users, seeds of high quality with
minimum adulteration.
• In agriculture ,the term seed processing includes
cleaning, drying , seed treatment ,packaging and storage.
• Seed processing may be understood to comprise all the
operation after harvest that aim at maximizing seed
viability, vigor and health.
Purposes of seed processing
• To lower the cost of further processes likes storage
including transport.
• This is achived by reducing the bulk of the seed lot by
cleaning debris and by removing empty or fractured seed
(pre-cleaning)
1. To increase the logevity of seed; by drying seeds to safe
moisture content and treating with protective chemicals.
2. To reduce the variability in vigour by invigorating the seeds
and removing the low vigour seeds.
3. To improve the uniformity in seed shape or size by grading
or by pelleting.
SEED PROCESSING :

Fresh seed
From field
SEED Seed
PROCESSING Packaging

Moisture Seed
testing
Treat-
ment

Drying Grading

Pre Fine
cleaning cleaning
Principes :
• The quality of seed is improved during processing in
two ways
1.Separation of other tree seeds or inert matter and
2.Upgrading or the elimination of poor quality seed.
• The ultimate goal of seed processing is to obtain the
maximum percentage of pure seed with maximum
germination potential.
• The threshed produce is heterogeneous in nature.
Requirement in seed processing :
1. There should be complete separation
2. There should be minimum seed loss
3. Upgrading should be possible for any particular
quality
4. There should be have more efficiency
5. It should have only minimum requirement
 Insert Materials

Common weed seeds

Noxious weed seeds

Materials removed during seed Deteriorated seeds
processing
Damaged seeds

Other crop seeds

Other variety seeds

Off-size seeds
PROPERTIES OF GOOD SEED :
• Quality seed must meet certain quality
standards in the laboratory:
• Moisture content (max. %)
• Physical purity (min. %)
• Germination capacity (min. %)
• Seed health (maximum incidence of
diseases or insects)
• Genetic or varietal purity (min. %)
MACHINERY REQUIRES FOR SEED
PROCESSING :
1. Seed Grader (purchased from : AGROSAW)
2. Elevator
3. Specific Gravity Separator (purchased from : AGROSAW)
4. Universal seed treater (purchased from : AGROSAW)
5. Seed dryer (purchased from : AGROSAW)
6. Weighing Machine
7. Pack-Tech Machine
8. Labeling & printing Machinery (purchased from : FilSilPek
Solutions pvt. ltd)
 Seed Grader :
 Principle of operation of the equipment
• These machines make extremely sensitive
separations on the basis of differences in
width and thickness.
• The seeds are sized for width by using
round hole screen openings and for
thickness by using slotted screen openings.
The separators employ gravity, centrifugal
force, product pressure or a combination
SEED GRADER
of these forces to make the separation.
Seed Grader :
 Uses of the machine
1. Removal of splits from soybeans, peanuts
etc.
2. The removal of chips and splits from
sorghum seeds
3. Removal of cheat from wheat
4. Removal of cockleburs from cotton seed,
wild onion from fescue, and wild oats
from
Gravity separator :
 Principle of operation of the equipment
• The gravity separator employs a flotation principle. In this
separation seeds are vertically stratified in layers on the deck
according to density.
• Seeds of same size are stratified and separated by differences
in their specific gravity.
• The oscillating movement of the table walks the heavy seeds
in contact with the deck uphill while the air floats the light
seeds downhill.
• The seeds travelling to the edge of the table range from light
at the lower end to heavy at the upper end.
• The discharge can be divided into any number of density
fractions
 Gravity separator :
 Uses of the machine
1. Removal of badly deteriorated
diseased seed and insect damaged
seed
2. Removal of empty or sterile seed
3. Removal of soil particles and gravel
and send mixed with certain kind of
seeds
4. Removal of contaminating crop or
weed seed GRAVITY SEPARATOR
 SEED TREATER :
 BENEFITS OF SEED TREATMENT
• Protection - of seed - against insect
attack during storage.
• Protection - of seeds and seedlings -
against attack by soil insects; by soil
organisms causing disease; and by other
pests (e.g. birds and rodents).
• Control of the spread of plant diseases. SEED TREATER

• Improved germination and crop yields

SEED TREATER :
 METHOD OF CHEMICAL APPLICATION
• Dusts - dry powder chemicals mechanically applied to the
seed. Seed coverage is not uniform and the chemical tends to
drift or slide off the seed. Dusts involve the highest level of
danger in the processing plant; they float in the air and
operators must wear proper masks to avoid inhalation.
• Liquids - true solutions of the chemical dissolved in water.
Seed coverage is uniform.
• Slurries - mixtures of water and wettable powders or grains.
They are purchased already mixed or can be prepared just
before application. Seed coverage is thorough and uniform
 SEED DRYER :
• This is a Vertical Model Dryer in which the surface
moisture given to seeds during the seed coating /
treatment is removed and seeds are brought to original
moisture content level before seed coating/ treatment.
• No Over heating is done to avoid the germination % loss of
seeds.
• Very much useful for fast drying of unwanted superfluous
moisture over the seed surface which is added during
seed treatment.
• So that you can directly bag your seeds immediately after
the chemical treatment.
• Avoids complications & saves time ! SEED DRYER
 PACK-TECH MACHINE
• Packaging machinery is used
throughout all packaging operations,
involving primary packages to
distribution packs.
• This includes many packaging
processes: fabrication, cleaning,
filling, sealing, combining, labeling,
overwrapping, palletizing PACK-TECH MACHINE
 PRODUCTION PROCESS FLOW :
• 1.Basic seed : Approved/Certified seed will be acquired from seed
Corporations or other bodies.
• 2. Seed multiplication: Distribution of basic seed multiplication among
selected growers/farmers.
• Farmers will sow & grow this seed in a controlled environment.
• Output produce from these farms will be purchased by the entrepreneur
processing.
• 3.Seed processing :
• Drying : An important factor to consider is the moisture content of the seed
prior to processing seed with moisture content above 15% are subject to
excessive damage in the processing line. In this case natural or artificial
drying may be necessary. If the seed is stored at high moisture content , it
losses germination quickly and infested with pest & diseases.
• Cleaning : Impurities like weeds, immature seeds, infested seed & other
crop seed have to be removed.
• Grading : Seed length & Gravity separating.
• Treating : Suitable fungicide like Thiram & colour is
used to protectants the seed from fungus & various soil
related diseases.
• 4. Packing : Processed seed is packed in exact weight of
40kg in HDPP/Non - woolen bags.
• 5. Labelling : After packing, bags are labelled (Truthful
Label).
• 6. Sales & Distribution : Seed is directly sold to farmers
& growers as well as seed dealers - distributor channel.
PER BAG COST OF PROCESSING :
• Processing Cost : 3 Rs/kg of seed & 120 Rs/bag.
• Fumigation
• Godown Storage
• Processing
• Loading & Unloading Charges
• Packaging Cost : 40 Rs/bag.
• Non - woolen bag
• Truthful label
• Lead Seal
• Thiram packet
• Total Cost : 160 rs/bag
 VARIETIES DEVELOPED :

• hybrid bajra = U-47

• U-11
• U-61
• U-71
multicat bajra = Judva no 1
ever green
cotton = siddhi -51
gold
siddhi -61
siddhi -67
•
 Income statement
Sr.no. Particulars 31/03/2023
Amout (Rs.)

1. RECEIPTS
(A) By Sales 6,05,54,148.00

(B) By Closing stock 45,17,323.00

(F) GROSS CASH INCOME ( A ) 6,05,54,148.00

GROSS INCOME (A+B) 6,50,71,471.00

Sr.no Particulars Ammonts
4 (Rs)
2. EXPENSES
(1) OPERATING EXPENSES & COST :
(B) Purchase A/c. 4,54,41,000.00
(C) Labour Exp. 8,51,500.00
(D) Light bill Exp. 3,47,245.00
(E) Packing Materials Exp. 6,21,550.00
(F) Transportation Exp. 3,45,489.00
 RS
(2) FIXED EXPENSES & COST :
a. Account Fees Exp. 40,000.00
b. Audit Fees Exp. 12000.00
c. BANK CHARGES EXP. A/c. 44578.00
e. Bank Loan Interest Exp . 9,87,545.00

f. Depreciation Exp. 5,31,978.00

g.Misc Exp. 78,458.00
h.Mobile Voucher Exp. 1245.00
i. Salary Exp. 21,58,000.00
j.Factory Insurance Exp. 6102.00
k.Income tax 102779.00

Total Fixed Expenses 39,62,685.00

 Sr. no. Particulars Ammounts (Rs)

3. NET CASH INCOME = 1,29,47,364.00

GROSS CASH INCOME -- TOTAL OPERATING COST
(6,05,54,148.00 -4,76,06,784)

4. NET OPRATING INCOME = 1,76,64,687.00

GROSS INCOME – TOTAL OPERATING COST
(6,50,71,471-4,76,06,784)

5. NET INCOME = 1,35,02,002.00

GROSS INCOME – TOTAL EXPENSES
6,50,71,471 -5,15,69,469.00)
 EXPENSE INCOME RATIOS:

1) Operating ratio=Total operating expensses

Gross income
= 4,76,06,784/ 6,50,71,471.00

=0.73
Conclusion - Less than 1 ratio indicate better performance of business.

2) Fixed ratio = Total Fixed Expenses

Gross income
= 39,62,685.00 / 6,50,71,471.00

=0.060
Conclusion- Less than 1 ratio indicate better performance of business

3. GROSS RATIO / INPUT – OUTPUT RATIO = TOTAL EXPENSES / GROSS INCOME

= 5,15,69,469.00 / 6,50,71,471.00
= 0.79
The Ratio is less than 1 , which indicates profitable run of the Business.