Week 1: What we will L

Ø Change and Unexpected Developm

Ø New Developments and Dramatic I
Ø Benefits of Changes
Ø Impacts on Different Communit
Think! Have you used computer tech
today?

Ø ATM
Ø Cell-phone
Ø Laptops
Ø Internet
Ø GPS
Ø Direct vs. indirect use?
 Change: The Eternal Truth

Ø “It is precisely this unique human capacity to transce

the present, to live one’s life by purposes stretching into t
to live not at the mercy of the world, but as a builder and
that world - that is the distinction between human and a
behavior, or between the human being and the machine.

Betty
 The Pace of Changes

• 1940s: The first computer is built

• 1956: First hard-disk drive weighed a ton and stored five
megabytes
• 1991: Space shuttle had a one-megahertz computer
• 2006: Pocket devices hold a terabyte (one trillion bytes) of
data
• 2006: Automobiles can have 100-megahertz
computers
Changes and Unexpected Develop

ØThe Cell Phones Evolved in a Drastic Patter

Ø The initial cell phones only enabled for callin
Ø Now Smartphones Become Mini Computer Integra
• Camera
• Music Player
• Location Services
• Documentations
• Video Conferencing
• Average Person uses 9 Apps Per Day
Communication and the We

Ø In 1980s Email were

• Short Text
Messages
With
Ø Now• Still Images
Using Emails
• Videos
• Audios
• Text
Ø Social Media Communication
Ø Blog Communication
 Telemedicine

ØRemote performance
• Medical exams
• Medical Treatments
• Surgery
• Medicine Delivery
Ø Collaborating Doctors Across Globe

Ø E.g., Dr. Devi Shetty operating in Various Hosp

Video Conferencing
Collaborative Learning

Wikipedia
Ø
• Online
• Collaborative Encyclopedia
• Written By
Volunteers
Ø Forum
Ø StackOverflow
Sites
Ø Codeproject
Ø SQL Bloggers

1
 E-commerce
Ø Amazon.com
• started in 1994
• selling books on the
Web
Ø• eBay.com
facilitates online auctions.

Ø Sellers can sell directly to buyers, resulting in

to-peer economy.

15 1
 Free stuff

Ø Web Services like Skype, Gmeet, Zoom

Ø Website Ads for commercializations
Ø Streaming Videos: Youtube, Vimeo etc.
Ø Image Sharing: Insta, Flicker etc.
Ø Learning Materials: Coursera, Khan Acade
Ø Basically, Name the Domain, YOU have ser

1
 Artificial intelligence
Ø Manufacturing robots
Ø Smart assistants
Ø Proactive healthcare management
Ø Disease mapping
Ø Automated financial investing
Ø Virtual travel booking agent
Ø Social media monitoring
Ø Inter-team chat tool
Ø Conversational marketing bot
Ø Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools
1
 General positive benefits

Ø Convenience / less effort

Ø Time / cost savings
Ø New kinds / classes of jobs
Ø More options for transactions
Ø Improvements in crime-fighting
Ø Improved customer service / satisfactio
Ø Fewer errors
Ø New forms of entertainment
Ø New ways to communicate

1
Negative impacts of new techno

- Unemployment
-Alienation
-Poor customer service
- Crime
- Loss of privacy
-Errors
1
 Appreciating The Benefits

1. Benefits computers bring to communication.

2. Benefits computers bring to transportation, especially within our

communities.

3. Benefits computers bring to education and training as they aid local

schools.
4. Benefits of computers in fighting crime.
5. Benefits computers bring to medicine.

6. Benefits computers bring to the disabled in schools and the

workplace.
1
 Benefits to Communication

Ø Non-invasive; read at recipients’ convenien

Ø Time-saving
Ø Access to immense (often timely) amounts
information
Ø Text, graphics, and sound can be combine
Ø Much information on the web is “free”
Ø Public forums not limited to geographic bound
• Traditional boundaries are no obstacle
Ø More independence - people can do more them
Ø Remote access available

1
Discussion Question

Ø Does email save time?

Ø How?

1
 Benefits to Transportation
Ø Navigation
Ø Diagnostics - e.g. chips that collect information abou
behaviour
Ø Safety - e.g. ABS
Ø Hybrid engines
Ø Fuel efficiency
Ø Traffic pattern studies

Q: How have these benefits aided DIU?

What might we do better?
1
 Benefits to education
Ø Online Education
Ø Language acquisition
Ø Spelling
Ø Literacy (e.g. www.starfall.com)
Ø Distance learning
Ø Simulations (e.g. for learning air traffic control or en
surgery)
Ø Speech recognition & synthesis (e.g. for
learning a foreign language)

2
 Benefits in fighting crime

Ø Improved crime reporting

Ø (e.g. information about stolen art may be po
Ø Faster search of arrest records and fingerprint fil
Ø Remote access to records and reports (e.g., from
cars)
Ø Enhancement of records (fingerprints and ph
Ø Access to numerous databases
Ø Improved monitoring and surveillance equipm

2
 Benefits to medicine

Ø Sophisticated medical imaging

Ø Reduced surgery time
Ø Faster recovery time (e.g. minimally invasive
Ø Patient monitoring
Ø Improved treatments
Ø Fewer errors (e.g. robotic pharmacies

Ø Q: How does your doctor use computer

2
 Benefits to medicine
Ø Patient records
• More legible
• Better organized
• Accessible by many sites, simultaneo
• Available immediately
• Improved statistical research

2
 Benefits to medicine
Ø Diagnosis
• Streamlined diagnosis
• Improved accuracy
• Reduced need for biopsy
• Improved screening and
predictions
• Broad access to medical help
Ø Telemedicine
• Less expensive
• Expands consultations beyond rural/remo
2
 Benefits to the disabled
Ø Disability-specific computer applications (e.g., a
Ø Control of household and workplace appliances
Ø Mobility
Ø Control of artificial limbs
Ø Improved vision (e.g. large font size
Ø Access to adaptive educational equipm
Ø Improved communication (e.g. speech input for
can’t write, speech synthesis for those who ca
Ø Opportunity to return to work

2
 Benefits - Automation
Ø Organize and access large inventorie
Ø Cost-saving
Ø Time-saving
Ø Improved customer satisfaction
Ø Tedious, monotonous work done by mac
Ø Improved workplace safety

Q: what task would you like replaced by

automated system?

2
Identifying people and prod
E.g. Bar codes, smart cards, MRP Passp

Ø Time-saving
Ø Accuracy
Ø Ease-of-use
Ø Cost-saving
Ø More secure
Ø Customizable
Ø Reliable

2
Monitoring Environment and Mat

Ø Temperature
Ø Acceleration
Ø Stress in materials
Ø Emissions
Ø Dangerous substances in the air
Ø Moisture
Ø Acidity

2
 Last! Not End
Ø Tracking
• Rare plants and animals
• Migration habits
• Stolen goods
• Lost pets or people

Ø Reducing Paper Use and Trash

• Creation of toxic wastes at paper mills als

2
 Think!

Have computers reduced paper at SPUP?

 Summary
Ø Many and varied benefits
Ø Not just the result of improved automat
Ø Some cautionary notes, though:
• Do improvements for crime fighting affect
privacy?
• Is faster necessarily better?
• How do we identify, articulate, and decide
various tradeoffs?
Ø This is, in essence, the remainder of the c

3
 Discussion Question

• Buying on the web. What is the impa

- Employment?
- Customer service?
- Crime?
- Privacy?
- Errors?