Bio Nanotechnology

By
Ahmed Barakat
Youssef Ramadan
Mustafa Soliman
Abdullah zahran
Belal Ashry

Department /chem_microbiology
 Bio nanotechnology

What is bio nanotechnology?

Bionanotechnology is defined as the incorporation of biological molecules into
nanoartifacts. The highly refined molecular binding specificity is particularly valued and
used to facilitate the assembly of unique structures from a solution of precursors and for
capturing chemicals from the environment prior to registering their presence via a
transducer (biosensors). Further applications involve using the widely encountered ability
of biomolecules to easily accomplish actions associated with difficult and extreme
conditions in the artificial realm, such as the catalysis of many chemical reactions, and
exploiting optical nonlinearity with single photons, a feature that can be exploited to
construct all-optical computers.
 bionanotechnology can be distinguished from
nanobiotechnology in that it refers to nanotechnology that
makes use of biological materials/components – it could in
principle or does alternatively use abiotic components. It plays
a smaller role in medicine (which is concerned with biological
organisms). It makes use of natural or biomimetic systems or
elements for unique nanoscale structures and various
applications that may not be directionally associated with
biology rather than mostly biological applications. In contrast,
nanobiotechnology uses biotechnology miniaturized to
nanometer size or
incorporates nanomolecules into biological systems. In some
future applications, both fields could be merged.
Tissue engineering

Natural bone surface is quite often contains features that are

about 100 nm across. If the surface of an artificial bone implant
were left smooth, the body would try to reject it. Because of that
smooth surface is likely to cause production of a fibrous tissue
covering the surface of the implant. This layer reduces the bone-
implant contact, which may result in loosening of the implant
and further inflammation. It was demonstrated that by creating
nano-sized features on the surface of the hip or knee prosthesis
one could reduce the chances of rejection as well as to stimulate
the production of osteoblasts. The osteoblasts are the cells
responsible for the growth of the bone matrix and are found on
the advancing surface of the developing bone.
Molecular nanotechnology

-Nanorobotics or molecular nanotechnology involves the creation of

complex mechanical systems constructed from the molecular level

-DNA makes an ideal material for the construction of nanomachines due

to its stiffness.

-The intermolecular interactions of DNA are well-known and can be easily

predicted. The self-assembly of DNA further facilitates its use as a
construction material
Marine bionanotechnology

Marine bionanotechnology has been a quite prospective research field

in which several marine sources can provide bioactives and/or other
ingredients of nanocarrier formulations. The phytochemicals from
various seaweeds have carboxyl, hydroxyl, and amino functional
groups, which may be useful as metal-reducing and capping agents,
providing an effective coating on the metal nanoparticles (NPs) in just
one-step synthesis. In addition, the morphology and the stability of
these “green” NPs are similar to those obtained from other
techniques; their biosynthesis can be scaled up for industrial purposes
For example, silver NPs can be used as preservatives in cosmetics,
such as anti-acne, anti-dandruff, healing, and anti-scaring
formulations, toothpastes, deodorants, soaps, and shampoos, due to
their antibacterial activity. Titanium dioxide and zinc oxide are
commonly used as efficient UV filters in sunscreen formulations.
References

sciencedirect.com/topics/nursing-and-health-professions/
nanobiotechnology

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

almerja.com