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  • Failure of The Civilian Rule 1955-1958

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    1) Iskander Mirza became the first President of Pakistan in 1956 after the country adopted its first constitution. However, the government faced constant political instability. 2) There was disagreement between East and West Pakistan over issues like the electoral system and provincial autonomy. Frequent changes to the prime minister and other leadership positions in East Pakistan weakened the government. 3) Economic problems like food shortages and lack of development exacerbated the political issues. Finally, on October 8, 1958, President Iskander Mirza imposed martial law and handed power to General Ayub Khan, ending the period of civilian rule.

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    Failure of the Civilian Rule 1955-1958 (1)

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    1) Iskander Mirza became the first President of Pakistan in 1956 after the country adopted its first constitution. However, the government faced constant political instability. 2) There was disagreement between East and West Pakistan over issues like the electoral system and provincial autonomy. Frequent changes to the prime minister and other leadership positions in East Pakistan weakened the government. 3) Economic problems like food shortages and lack of development exacerbated the political issues. Finally, on October 8, 1958, President Iskander Mirza imposed martial law and handed power to General Ayub Khan, ending the period of civilian rule.

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    18 views12 pages

    Failure of The Civilian Rule 1955-1958

    Uploaded by

    hadia bilal
    1) Iskander Mirza became the first President of Pakistan in 1956 after the country adopted its first constitution. However, the government faced constant political instability. 2) There was disagreement between East and West Pakistan over issues like the electoral system and provincial autonomy. Frequent changes to the prime minister and other leadership positions in East Pakistan weakened the government. 3) Economic problems like food shortages and lack of development exacerbated the political issues. Finally, on October 8, 1958, President Iskander Mirza imposed martial law and handed power to General Ayub Khan, ending the period of civilian rule.

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    of 12

    Failure of the Civilian Rule

    1955-1958
    1948-1958
    Iskander Mirza:
    • After Ghulam Muhammad
    sickness
    • Iskander Mirza becomes
    Acting Gov. Gen. (Aug
    1955).In Oct 1955 4th
    (permanent Gov. Gen.
    elected as 1st president)
    BACKGROUND
    • Chaudhry Muhammad Ali becomes PM (Aug 11,1955.
    • greatest achievement was framing 23 March 1956
    constitution.
    • Political issues. (12 Sep 1956 He resigned himself).
    • He selected Dr.Khan Sahib (old Congress man)Chief
    Minister of West Pakistan.
    • Muslim League in central Legislature voted against Khan
    Sahib.
    • Vote of confidence against Chaudhry Muhammad Ali
    in National Assembly
    •
    Republican Party
    • Dr.Khan Sahab (old Congress man)Chief
    Minister of West Pakistan with support of
    Sikander Mirza made Republican Party.
    • 26 members of ML joined RP.
    • Majority party.
    • Feroz Khan Noon
    H.S Suhrawardy
    • H.S Suhrawardy becomes Prime Minister (Sept 12,1956.
    resigned on Oct 10,1957. (by Isakander Mirza)
    • Coalition Government ( Republican Party & Awami League)
    • Problems: Separate or joint electorate
     West Pak--- Separate Electorate
     East Pak---- joint electorate (minorities seats joins with
    muslim)
     Electorate Act Passed ,10 Oct 1956
     Again problem started after some time than H.S
    Suhrawardy changed in Act now.
     Joint electorate started in both wings.
    One unit resolution:
    • April 1957 East Pakistan Assembly passed a
    resolution for demand of full autonomy. They
    did not want to under center government.
    • West Pakistan passed a resolution for
    abolished one unit policy in Assembly Sep
    1957.
     I.I Chundrigar
    • I.I Chundrigar becomes PM (Oct 1957), to Dec).Sikandar
    appointed him as PM held a weak position .Seperate and joint
    electorate issue began in west Pakistan. Separate electorate
    introduced in W.Pakistan.
    • Malik Feroz Khan Noon
    • becomes Prime Minister (Dec16,1957). Leader of Republic Party.
    Coalition government.
    • He took prime ministry which lasted for less than a year because
    of abrogation of constitution on Oct 7/8,1958).
    • Feroze Khan, was a Pakistani politician who served as the
    seventh prime minister of Pakistan until being removed when the
    President Iskandar Ali Mirza imposed martial law with the 8
    October 1958 Pakistani coup d'état.
    Different Program made very weak government;
    Provincial Problems;
    Frequent changing in Ministries of East
    Pakistan.
    4 Ministers changed in 6 months
    Fazal Ul Haq Governor of east Pakistan
    replaced by Hamid Ali
    Resolution of Decrease the power of Deputy
    Speaker
    Deputy Speaker of East Pakistan Assembly
    Shahid Ali Injured and died.
    Central Government Crises:
    Refugee Problem of Settlement
    Lack of Industrial development
    Problem of Food Shortage
     Late of General Election
    Political and Economical problems
    Nov 1958-Feb 1959
    Separation of Kalat on 6 Oct 1958
    Announcement of Martial Law

    8 Oct 1958 by General


    Ayub Khan.
    Article 193 of
    constitution1956

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