Sahibzada 

Sayyid Iskander Ali Mirza[2] 

‘
(Urdu: ‫اسکندر مرزا‬, Bengali: ইস্কান্দার মির্জ া; 13 November 1899 – 13 November
1969), CIE, OSS, OBE, was a Pakistani and Bengali general, businessman and civil servant who
was the first president of Pakistan. He was elected in this capacity in 1956 until being dismissed
by his appointed army commander General Ayub Khan in 1958.[3]

In 1954, he was appointed as governor of his home province of East Bengal by prime
minister Mohammad Ali of Bogra to control the law and order sparked as a result of the
popular language movement in 1952, but later elevated as interior minister in Bogra
administration in 1955.
Playing a crucial role in ousting of governor-general Sir Malik Ghulam, Mirza assumed his
position in 1955 and was elected as the first president of Pakistan when the first
set of Constitution was promulgated in 1956.[

Mohammad Ali Bogra

ahibzada Syed Mohammad Ali Chowdhury[2][3][4] (Bengali: সৈয়দ মোহাম্মদ আলী চৌধুরী), more
commonly known as Mohammad Ali Bogra (Bengali: মোহাম্মদ আলী বগুড়া);[5][6][7][8] (19 October
1909 – 23 January 1963), or as Mohammad Ali of Bogra,[9] was a Pakistani
Bengali politician, statesman, and a career diplomat who served as third prime minister of
Pakistan, appointed in this capacity in 1953 until he stepped down in 1955 in favour of Finance
Minister Muhammad Ali.

Playing a crucial role in ousting of governor-general Sir Malik Ghulam, Mirza assumed his
position in 1955 and was elected as the first president of Pakistan when the first
set of Constitution was promulgated in 1956

.[5] His presidency, however, marked with political instability which saw his unconstitutional
interferences in the civilian administration that led to the dismissal of four prime ministers in a
mere two years.

Facing challenges in getting the political endorsements and reelection for the presidency, Mirza
surprisingly suspended the writ of the Constitution by having imposed martial law against his
own party's administration governed by Prime Minister Feroze Khan on 8 October 1958,
enforcing it through his army commander General Ayub Khan who dismissed him when the
situation between them escalated, also in 1958.
Mirza lived in the United Kingdom for the remainder of his life and was buried in Iran in 1969.[3]
His legacy and image is viewed negatively by some Pakistani historians who believe that Mirza
was responsible for weakening of democracy and political instability in the country.[3]

o 2Political career in Pakistan

 2.1Defence Secretary (1947–50)

  2.2Governorship of East Bengal and Cabinet Minister (1954–55)

 2.3Governor-general of Pakistan (1955–56)

o 3Presidency (1956–58)

 3.1Martial law

Mirza was the first Indian graduate of the military college, and gained his commission in
the British Indian Army as 2nd Lt. on 16 July 1920.[12][3][13] As was customary for newly
commissioned British Indian Army officers, he was initially attached for a year to the second
battalion of the Cameronians (Scottish Rifles).[3] On 16 July 1921, he was promoted to lieutenant
and was assigned to command a platoon on 30 December 1921.[14

Governor-general of Pakistan (1955–56)[edit]

In Bogra administration, he also took care the matters of Commonwealth and Kashmir affairs
ministry as he had gained major political influence in the administration in 1955.[35]
 During this time, Governor-General Malik Ghulam survived another fatal attack of Paralysis that
made him unable to talk and walk, seeking treatment in the United Kingdom on a two-month
leave.[35]
Appointed only as acting governor-general since 7 August 1955, Mirza dismissed Malik
Ghulam to take over his post on 6 October 1955, and forced Prime Minister Bogra to resign when
he appointed him as the Pakistan Ambassador to the United States.[35] On 12 August 1955, he
invited Muhammad Ali, the Finance Minister, to take over the government as a prime minister.[30]

11-08-1955 To 12-09-1956
Ch. Mohammed Ali

12-09-1956 To 18-10-
5 Mr. Hussain Shaheed Suharwardi
1957

18-10-1957 To 16-12-
6 Mr. Ibrahim Ismail Chaundrigar
1957
 16-12-1957 To 07-10-
7 Malik Feroz Khan Noon
1958

Presidency (1956–58)
The newly constituted Electoral College unanimously elected Mirza as the first president upon
the promulgation of the first set of the Constitution on 23 March 1956.[36] The coalition of
the Awami League, the Muslim League, and the Republic Party endorsed his presidency.[36]

The Constitution drives the country's system of government toward parliamentarianism,

with executive powers vested under the elected prime minister while the president serving as
a ceremonial head of state.[36]
On 12 September 1956, he established and became vice-president of the Republican Party that
was in direct conflict with Muslim League, mainly due to disagreement on the idea of
republicanism and conservatism.[30] Unable to keep the substantial pressure on Mirza's Republic
Party eventually led the Muslim League's successful demand for the resignation of Prime
Minister Muhammad Ali on 12 September 1956.[37]
Upon these development, President Mirza invited Awami League to form the central government
that appointed Huseyn Suhrawardy as the Prime Minister, who made an alliance with the
Republican Party, to take over the charge of the government.[38]

Shah of Iran's first state visit to Pakistan

Despite Mirza and Suhrawardy both being Bengalis and hailing from East Bengal, the two
leaders had very different views of running the central government and both leader were in brief
conflict, causing the harm to the unity of the nation.[30] 
Prime Minister Suhrawardy found extremely difficult to govern effectively due to the issue of One
Unit, alleviating the national economy, and President Mirza's constant unconstitutional
interference in Suhrawardy administration.[38]
President Mirza demanded the resignation of Prime Minister Suhrawardy and turned down his
request to seek motion of confidence at the National Assembly.[38] 

Threatened by President Mirza's dismissal, Prime Minister Suhrawardy tendered his resignation
on 17 October 1957 and was succeeded by I. I. Chundrigar but he too was forced to resigned in
mere two months.[39]
President Mirza had widely lacked the parliamentary spirit, distrusting the civilians to ensure the
integrity and sovereignty of country.[36] His unconstitutional interference in the civil administration
made the elected prime ministers effectively
unable to function the government, as he had dismissed four elected prime ministers in matter of
two years
.[36] On his last nomination, he appointed Feroz Khan as the seventh Prime Minister of the
country, who had been supported by the Awami League and the Muslim League.[3]

Basic principles
The Constitution drives the country's system of government toward parliamentarianism,
with executive powers vested under the elected prime minister while the president serving as
a ceremonial head of state.[36]
On 12 September 1956, he established and became vice-president of the Republican Party that
was in direct conflict with Muslim League, mainly due to disagreement on the idea of
republicanism and conservatism.[30] Unable to keep the substantial pressure on Mirza's Republic
Party eventually led the Muslim League's successful demand for the resignation of Prime
Minister Muhammad Ali on 12 September 1956.[37]
Upon these development, President Mirza invited Awami League to form the central government
that appointed Huseyn Suhrawardy as the Prime Minister, who made an alliance with the
Republican Party, to take over the charge of the government.[38]

Shah of Iran's first state visit to Pakistan

Despite Mirza and Suhrawardy both being Bengalis and hailing from East Bengal, the two
leaders had very different views of running the central government and both leader were in brief
conflict, causing the harm to the unity of the nation.[30] Prime Minister Suhrawardy found
extremely difficult to govern effectively due to the issue of One Unit, alleviating the national
economy, and President Mirza's constant unconstitutional interference in Suhrawardy
administration.[38]
President Mirza demanded the resignation of Prime Minister Suhrawardy and turned down his
request to seek motion of confidence at the National Assembly.[38] Threatened by President
Mirza's dismissal, Prime Minister Suhrawardy tendered his resignation on 17 October 1957 and
was succeeded by I. I. Chundrigar but he too was forced to resigned in mere two months.[39]
President Mirza had widely lacked the parliamentary spirit, distrusting the civilians to ensure the
integrity and sovereignty of country.[36] His unconstitutional interference in the civil administration
made the elected prime ministers effectively unable to function the government, as he had
dismissed four elected prime ministers in matter of two years.[36] On his last nomination, he
appointed Feroz Khan as the seventh Prime Minister of the country, who had been supported by
the Awami League and the Muslim League.[3]

Basic principles committee

Basic Principles Committee’s Interim Report

More than 2 years after Jinnah’s death, and almost a year and a half after its formation with the second
Governor General of Pakistan, Khwaja Nazimuddin as its head, the BPC presented its interim report to the CA
on 28 September 1950. The report skipped out a few details that its sub-committee on franchise was still
working on. Salient features of the interim report of the BPC were as follows:

1. Objectives Resolution’s Place in the Constitution: the interim report suggested that the Objectives
Resolution was to be included in the constitution of Pakistan as the directive principles of policy as
guideline of policy making.
2. Federal from of Constitution: this was evident from the geographical split and the ethnic and linguistic
diversity of Pakistan. Each part of the federation was to be known as a federating unit. The provinces
of Pakistan, along with the federal capital, tribal areas and princely states that had not formally
acceded to Pakistan till then were all the federating units of Pakistan. A total of 9 federating units (4
provinces + 5 other federating units) comprised the western wing of the country called West Pakistan
while 1 federating unit (1 province) comprised the eastern wing of the country called East Pakistan.
3. Parliamentary Form of Government: there was to be a bicameral central/federal legislature which
would jointly elect the Prime Minster, on whose advice the Head of State was to appoint Ministers.
4. Bicameral Central Legislature: the interim report suggested a bicameral federal legislature with both
houses having equal power. Details of both houses are as follows:
1. Upper House: this was to be called the House of Units. All federating units were to have an
equal number of seats in the proposed Upper House.
2. Lower House: this was to be called the House of People. All federating units were to have a
number of seats in proportion to their population in the proposed Lower House. The Prime
Minister was to be appointed by the Head of State from amongst the members of the Lower
House.
5. Joint Session of the Central Legislature: the Head of State was to have the authority to call in a joint
session for various purposes including election of the Head of State, removal of the Head of State,
resolution of a conflict between the two houses, consideration of budget and money bills etc.
6. Unicameral Legislatures for the Units: federating units of Pakistan were to have a unicameral
legislature. The Chief Minister was to be appointed from amongst the members of the legislature by
the Head of Province who was to be appointed by the Head of State.
7. Powers of the Head of State: the Head of State was to be elected jointly by the two houses at the
center. He was to enjoy vast powers according to the interim report of the BPC though he was to
exercise most of his powers on the advice of the Prime Minster. He was not necessarily to be a
Muslim. The Head of State was to appoint the Prime Minister, the heads of provinces i.e. Governors,
and the Commanders in Chief of the military forces. The also had the power to dissolve the House of
People on the advice of the Prime Minister. Finally, the Central Legislature had the power to remove
the Head of State in a joint session.
 8. Immunity for the Executive and Legislature: the Head of State, the Prime Minister and the legislators
were all indemnified from appearing in the courts for all acts taken in their official capacity.
9. National Language: Urdu was to be the national language of Pakistan.

bOGRA FORUMELA

Suhrawardy's popularity with his East Pakistan constituency further dipped when he backed down over the
Awami League's call for land reforms because of the resistance of the West Punjab rural elite. He was now in
the dangerous business of disappointing friends and creating enemies. He evoked the ire of the western
province's business class, l'or example, by having the temerity to tinker with the longstanding regional economic
imbalances in distributing the lion's share of American uid to East Pakistani industrialists.66 The West Pakistanis
now decided that it was time to pull the carpet from under his feet. The withdrawal of Republican support from
the coalition sealed Suhrawardy's fate67 and ushered in the farce of Chundrigar's two month ministry. Brief
though it was, Chundrigar stayed sufficiently long enough to further widen the gulf between the eastern and
western wings by reversing Suhrawardy's decision on the allocation of the US $10 million aid package.

Prime Minister of Pakistan (1953–1955)[edit]

Talent ministry and foreign policy[edit]
The issue of language movement in East in 1952, the rise of the Socialist Party in Pakistan as
well as the violent riots in Lahore against the minority Ahmadiyya in 1953 were the defining
factors that led to the dismissal of Prime Minister Khawaja Nazimuddin by then-Governor-
General Ghulam Muhammad on 17 April 1953.[27]
Bogra was recalled to Karachi (then-Federal capital) from Washington DC for further consultation
but Governor-General Ghulam Muhammad moved to appointed him as a new Prime Minister and
the President of the Pakistan Muslim League (PML), which the party had accepted.[28] Under
pressure and reluctant, he accepted the new appointment from the Governor-General Ghulam
Muhammad but he was more of a diplomat than politician who was unknown to the general
public.[11][29][30] Initially, he kept the federal ministries of foreign affairs and defence until appointing a
new cabinet.[27] Upon taking over the government, Bogra dismissed the
elected government of Fazlul Huq on 30 May 1954 and leveled charges against him on
"treasonry".[31][32] He had appointed then-Defence Secretary Iskander Mirza as the Governor, but
this appointment only lasted a couple of months.[31]
Prime Minister Bogra appointed a new cabinet which was known as "Ministry of Talents"[33]
[34]
 which included General Ayub Khan, the Army Cdr-in-C, as the Defence Minister and Major-
General (retired) Iskander Ali Mirza as Interior Minister.[33]

BOGRA FORMULA
Bogra Formula[edit]
The Bogra Formula was a political compromise presented and proposed by Prime Minister
Bogra on 7 October 1953 before the Constituent Assembly.[43] 
Upon taking the control of the Prime Minister's Secretariat, Bogra announced that drafting of the
codified Constitution was his primary target, and within six months, he announced a proposal that
leads to the drafting of the constitution writ.[43]
300 seats
The framework proposed the establishment of more effective bicameral parliament that would be
composed of National Assembly and the Senate with equal representation from then-five
provinces: Punjab, Khyber–Pakhtunkhwa, Balochistan, Sindh, and Bengal.[43] A total of 300 seats
were to be reserved for the National Assembly on the basis of proportionate representation and
50 for the Senate that would be equal representation for all the five provinces of the country.[43]
Under this framework, the larger number of constituencies were given to Bengal which had 165
reserved seats in contrast to Punjab which had 75, Khyber–Pakhtunkhwa, which had 24, Sindh
which had 19, and Balochistan which had 17 reserved seats.[43] Tribal areas, Karachi metropolitan
area, Bahawalpur, Khairpur, Baluchistan States Union, were combined as 24 reserved seats.[43]
In this framework, Bengal had given more seats due to its social homogeneity in the National
Assembly than the combined reserved seats for the four provinces and the federal capital which,
all were socially heterogeneous and ethically diverse.[43]
 But combined the reserved seats in the four provinces were in balance with Bengal in
the bicameral parliament.[43] Both the houses were given equal power, and in case of a conflict
between the two houses, the issue was to be presented before a joint session.[43]
The Bogra framework also addresses the check and balance to avoid the permanent domination
by any five provinces where a provision was made that if the President was elected from the four
provinces then the Prime Minister was to be elected from East Bengal, and vice versa.[43]
 The President was to be elected for a term of 5 years from the indirect elections by the Electoral
College formed by both houses: National Assembly and the Senate.[43]
The Supreme Court of Pakistan was to be given more power and institutional judicial
independence that would permanently replace the Islamic clergy to decide if a law was in
accordance with the basic teachings of the Koran or not.[43]
The Bogra formulae was highly popular and widely welcomed by the people as opposed to
the Basic Principles Committee led by Prime Minister Nazimuddin as it was seen as great
enthusiasm amongst the masses as they considered it as a plan that could bridge the gulf
between the two wings of Pakistan and would act as a source of unity for the country.[43]

In 1955, the One Unit Scheme integrated the four provinces of the western wing of Pakistan into a single
province, West Pakistan.[43][44][45]
The compromise did not settled to its ground when Governor-General Ghulam Muhammad,
threatened by curbing of his powers, dissolved the Constituent Assembly in 1954 with the
support of Pakistan military and civil bureaucracy.[46][47]

One Unit[edit]
Main article: One Unit
Following the failure of reaching concession on Bogra Formula, he began working towards the
controversial One Unit program that integrated the Four Provinces into a single nation-state and
began advocating for such idea when he quoted:
There will be no Bengalis, no Punjabis, no Sindhis, no Pathans, no Balochis, no Bahawalpuris,
no Khairpuris. The disappearance of these groups will strengthen the integrity of Pakistan...

— Prime Minister M. A. Bogra, presenting the One Unit on 22 November 1954 [48]

 ] “C. When Ghulam Mohammed forced Bogra at gunpoint to

dissolve the Constituent Assembly, Ayub Khan was among the
“audience” (besides Chaudhry Mohammad Ali).

 “D. Ghulam Mohammed not only coerced Bogra into

dissolving the Constituent Assembly but also compelled him to
appoint Ayub Khan as Defence Minister in the central cabinet
(Ayub continued as the Commander-in-Chief of Pakistan
Army, as well).”

Enter martial law

By 1958, I.I. Chundrigar and A.Q. Khan had successfully reorganized the Muslim League that
was threatening the reelection and the political endorsement for Mirza for his second term of the
presidency.[40] Furthermore, the Republican Party presided by prime minister Sir Feroze Khan had
been under pressured over the electoral reforms issue at the National Assembly.[40] Upon
witnessing these developments, president Mirza ordered the mass mobilization of the military
and imposed emergency in the country after declaring the martial law against his own party's
administration led by prime minister Feroze Khan by abrogating the writ of the Constitution and
dissolving the national and provisional assemblies on the midnight of 7/8 October 1958.[40]
In morning of 8 October 1958, President Mizra announced via national radio that he was
introducing a new constitution "more suited to the genius of the Pakistan nation",[41] as he
believed democracy was unsuited to Pakistan "with its 15% literacy rate".[41] Upon abdicating,
Mirza took the nation into confidence, saying that:
Three weeks ago, I (Iskander Mirza) imposed martial law in Pakistan and appointed General
Ayub Khan as Supreme Commander of the [Armed Forces] and also as Chief Martial Law
Administrator.... By the grace of God... This measure which I had adopted in the interest of our
beloved country has been extremely well received by our people and by our friends and well
wishers abroad... I have done best to administer in the difficult task of arresting further
deterioration and bringing order out of chaos... In our efforts to evolve an effective structure for
future administration of this country ... Pakistan Zindabad, Pakistan Zindabad!

— President Iskander Mirza,  abdicating on 1958.10.27,  [42]

This martial law imposed by country's first Bengali president was the first example of martial
law in Pakistan, which would continue until the dissolution of East Pakistan in 1971.[40] Iskander
Mirza appointed then-army commander of the Pakistan Army, general Ayub Khan, as the Chief
Martial Law Administrator (CMLA), which proved his undoing within three weeks.[40]

Dismissal and end of presidency

12
Chaudhry Mohammad 12 August Muslim
4 Septembe —
Ali(1905–1980) 1955 League
r 1956

Huseyn Shaheed
Suhrawardy(1892–1963)

n Dhaka, Suhrawardy
emerged as the leader of
the Bengali-dominated A
wami League which
became the principal
opposition party to
the Pakistan Muslim
League. In 1956, the
centre-left Awami
League formed
a coalition
government with the
military-backed Republic
an Party to unseat the
Muslim League.
Suhrawardy became
Prime Minister in the 12 17
Awami
5 coalition government. He Septembe October —
League
forged stronger ties with r 1956 1957
the United States by
leading Pakistan's
diplomacy
in SEATO and CENTO.
He also became the first
Pakistani premier to
travel to Communist
China. His pro-US
foreign policy caused a
split in the Awami
League in East Pakistan,
with Maulana
Bhashani forming the
break-away pro-
Maoist National Awami
Party. Suhrawardy's
premiership lasted for a
year. His central cabinet
included figures like
Sir Feroz Khan Noon as
Foreign Minister
 and Abul Mansur
Ahmad as Trade
Minister. Sheikh Mujibur
Rahman was considered
Suhrawardy's chief
political protégé.[8]

Ibrahim Ismail
Chundrigar(1898–1968

Ibrahim Ismail
Chundrigar[3] (Urdu: ‫ابراہیم‬
‫ ;اسماعیل چندریگر‬15
September 1897[1] – 26
September 1960), best
known as I. I.
Chundrigar, was the
sixth prime minister of
Pakistan, appointed in
this capacity on 17
October 1957 until being
removed due to a vote of
no confidence on 11
December 1957.
Trained in constitutional
law at the University of
Bombay and one of
17 16
the Founding Fathers of Muslim
6 October December —
the Dominion of League
1957 1957
Pakistan, Chundrigar's
tenure is the second
shortest served in
the parliamentary
history of Pakistan just
after that of Nurul
Amin who served as
prime minister for 13
days. Chundrigar served
for just 55 days.[4][5]

At the first session of

the National Assembly,
Chundrigar presented his
plan to reform
the Electoral
College which was met
with great parliamentary
 opposition by even his
Cabinet ministers from
the Republican Party and
the Awami League.[27]
[26]
With the Republican
Party leaders—party
president Feroz
Khan and President of
Pakistan Iskander Mirza
—exploiting and
manipulating the
opponents of the Muslim
League, a successful
vote of no-confidence in
the National Assembly
led by the Republicans
and the Awami Party
effectively ended
Chundrigar's term. He
resigned on 11
December 1957.[27][26]
Chundrigar served the
shortest term of any
Prime Minister in
Pakistan: 17 October
1957 – 11 December
1957, 55 days into his
term.[5][4]

16
Sir Feroze Khan 7 October Republica
7 December —
Noon(1893–1970) 1958 n Party
1957

1958 Pakistani coup d

Martial law[edit]
On October 7, President Iskander Mirza declared martial law in Pakistan. He abrogated the
constitution of 1956, describing it as "unworkable" and full of "dangerous compromises."[2] He
dismissed the government of Sir Feroz Khan Noon, dissolved the National Assembly of
Pakistan and the provincial legislatures. Mirza also proceeded to outlaw all political parties.[2] He
appointed General Ayub Khan, the Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistani army as the Chief
Martial Law Administrator and nominated him to become the new Prime Minister of Pakistan,
charged with administering the country.[2]
]

rime Minister of Pakistan (1957-58)[edit]

Main article: Feroze Khan administration
After the resignations of the Awami League's H.S. Suhrawardy and the Muslim League's I. I.
Chundrigar, Noon was the last candidate from the three-party coalition government, and started
his support for the premiership on a conservative-Republican Party agenda.[34]
Noon successfully forged an alliance with the Awami League, the National Awami Party,
the Krishak Sramik Party, and the parliamentary groups in the National Assembly that allowed
him to form the government as its Prime Minister.[citation neede

Negotiation for Gwadar[edit]

On 16 December 1957, Noon took an oath from Chief Justice M. Munir and formed a coalition
government.[citation needed] During this time, Noon entered into complicated but successful negotiations
with the Sultanate of Muscat and Oman for the cession of Gwadar, which was taken into the
Federation of Pakistan on 8 September 1958, for the price of US$3 million.[35][36]
Noon's ability to get Gwadar into the Federation, and settlement of political issues in the country
generally, threatened President Mirza who saw him as an obstacle to Mirza obtaining absolute
power.[citation needed] Noon tried to obtain a compromise with India re

garding the Kashmir problem.[37]

In his memoirs, "From Memory", Noon writes, "With Gwadar in foreign hands, I had felt we were
living in a house in which the back room with another door, was occupied by a stranger who
could, at any time, sell us out to a power inimical to Pakistan…".[38][39] 

The wife of Feroz Khan Noon, Viqar-un-Nisa Noon, also played a large role in the accession of
Gwadar to Pakistan. She visited London in 1956 to see the British Prime Minister Winston
Churchill, and to lobby the British Parliament for their protectorate of Muscat and Oman to give
custody of 'Gwadar Port' to Pakistan,[40] and get approval from the House of Lords.[41][42][43][44][45][39]
Noon had not endorsed the presidential re-election of Mirza as the three-party coalition had been
negotiating their own president to replace Mirza in 1958.[46] At midnight on 7/8 October 1958,
Mirza imposed martial law in a coup d'état against his own party's government, effectively
dismissing his own appointed Prime Minister to usurp all political power into his own hands.[31]

Later and personal life, and death

Dosso case for Khawaja nazmudin vs tamuzdin

for malik Ghulam muhammad
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigationJump to search

Dosso v. Federation of Pakistan

Court Supreme Court of Pakistan

Decided 27 December 1958; 62 years ago

Citation(s) P.L.D. 1958 S.C. 553

Ruling

Decision of Lahore High Court was reversed and martial law was

legitimized

Court membership

Judges sitting Justices

Muhammad Munir

Muhammad Shahabuddin

Alvin Robert Cornelius

Amiruddin Ahmad

Laws applied

Doctrine of necessity, Laws (Continuance in Force) Order 1958

Dosso v. Federation of Pakistan was the first constitutional case after the promulgation
of Constitution of Pakistan of 1956 and an important case in Pakistan's political history. The case
got prominence as it indirectly questioned the first martial law imposed by President Iskander
Mirza in 1958.[1]
First pm
Chaudhry Muhammad Ali
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
  (Redirected from Chaudhry Mohammad Ali)
Jump to navigationJump to search
This article is about the fourth prime minister of Pakistan. For the third prime minister
of Pakistan, see Mohammad Ali Bogra.
For other people named Muhammad Ali, see Muhammad Ali (disambiguation).

Chaudhry

Mohammad Ali

‫چ وہ دری دمحم علی‬

4th Prime Minister of Pakistan

In office

12 August 1955 – 12 September 1956

Monarch Elizabeth II

(6 February 1952 – 23 March 1956)

President Iskander Mirza

Governor Iskander Mirza

General (7 August 1955 – 23 March 1956)

Preceded by Mohammad Ali Bogra

Succeeded by Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy

Minister of Defence

In office

12 August 1955 – 12 September 1956

Deputy Akhter Husain

(Defence Secretary)

Preceded by General Ayub Khan

Succeeded by H. S. Suhrawardy

2nd Minister of Finance

In office

24 October 1951 – 11 August 1955

Deputy Mumtaz Hasan

(Finance Secretary)

Preceded by Ghulam Muhammad

Succeeded by Amjad Ali

Federal Secretary

In office

14 August 1947 – 24 October 1955

Finance Secretary of Pakistan

In office

14 August 1947 – 12 September 1948

Serving with Sir Victor Turner
Minister Ghulam Muhammad

Finance Secretary

In office

2 September 1946 – 14 August 1947

Minister Liaquat Ali Khan

Preceded by Ghulam Muhammad

Succeeded by Sir Victor Turner

(as Finance Secretary)

President of Pakistan Muslim League

In office

12 August 1955 – 12 September 1956

Preceded by Mohammad Ali

Succeeded by I. I. Chundrigar

Personal details

Born Chaudhry Muhammad Ali

15 July 1905

Jalandhar, Punjab, British India

(Present-day, Jalandhar, Punjab, India)

Died 2 December 1982 (aged 77)

Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan

Citizenship British India (1905–47)

Pakistani (1947–82)

Political party Muslim League

(1936-19??) (Formed or Joined Nizam e Islam Party

 19?? - 1969)

Children 5 including sons: Khalid and Amjad

Alma mater Punjab University

(BSc and MSc in Chem.)

Profession Civil servant, politician

Website Muhammad Ali

Official website

Chaudhry Muhammad Ali (Urdu: ‫چ وہ دری دمحم علی‬  15 July 1905 – 2 December 1982),
best known as Muhammad Ali, was the fourth prime minister of Pakistan, appointed
on 12 August 1955 until being removed through successful passage of vote of no
confidence motion in the National Assembly on 12 September 1956.[citation needed]
His credibility is noted for promulgating the first set of the Constitution of
Pakistan lost