Thesis Slide

CE-4200 & CE-4300
ASSESSMENT OF HEAL THCARE WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES

IN KHULNA CITY CORPORATION
Presented by: Supervised by:

Nafish Nawal Uddy (ID: 20191014040)
Md. Mahadi Hashan
Javed Iqbal (ID: 20192001040)
Senior Lecturer
Md. Rezaul Karim Molla (ID: 20192005040)
Department of Civil Engineering,
Department of Civil Engineering
North Western University, Khulna
North Western University, Khulna
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Title Slide
Introduction
Research Objectives
Methodology
Presentation Outline
Results and Discussions
Conclusion
INTRODUCTION
 Health is the root of all happiness. This health means not only human being happiness But
societies and natures happiness also. On the other hand to continue this healthy environment
health service required. Waste Management is one of the major parts of this heath service process.
 In reality human being produced the most toxic waste or discharge in every sector. And Medical
waste or discharge is one of the large portion of that total waste.
 Khulna district is one of the largest and renowned districts of Bangladesh. Around 406 hospitals
and clinics are present. among them 172 hospitals waste are maintained by Pradipan and
Sadichha. The quantity of their collected waste is near 2700 kg. And only 45% of it are being
treated.
 To summarize these total process we selected 11 hospitals whom can be said as the major hospital
in this district to assess the performance of waste management I those healthcare establishments.
RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
Objective#1
To investigate the existing waste management practices of selected public and private healthcare establishments in KCC.
Objective#2
To estimate total produced medical waste on basis of total patient capabilities of our selected hospitals and clinics.
Objective#3
To segregate total medical waste and estimate it based on their use and classification by WHO‘s constitution.
Objective#4
To assess the total waste management cost which included the re-use of these medical waste and the authority cost whom are
attached with this process.
Objective#5
To give a proper view of medical waste management system and it’s importance and provide options that to use this waste as
nature improving element.
STUDY AREAS
Location
Location Name Latitude Longitude
No.
01 KSH 22.8175972N 89.5677138
02 KMCH 22.829621 89.537136
03 KSH 22.845641 89.5403279
04 IBH 22.841930 89.558060
05 GNCDGHC 22.810217 89.560810
06 PDC 22.8131219 89.5560748
07 GMCH 22.8247809 89.5379687
08 CIC 22.8153859 89.554769
09 SSANSH 22.85295 89.52949
10 KC 22.8466721 89.5438521
11
Free SlideSaladKCMCH
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Different types of Hospital waste generated in studied HCEs
General Waste Infectious Waste
Recyclable waste Sharp waste
METHODOLOGY
Conceptualization of the research
Hospital waste management in KCC

Literature review
Selection of Health Care Establishments
Field survey design and data collection planning
Consultation (before data collection) Tried to make rapport with the respondents
Data collection
Primary data Secondary data
Instrumental survey Questionnaire survey Journal reports NGOs DOE, KCC, etc.
Weighted Patients Administration Nurse Technician Cleaners Doctors

matter
Data accumulation
Draft report preparation Data analysis
Suggestion of expert and correction Final report preparation Report presentation

RESULTS & DISCUSSIONS
Inventory of different Health Care Establishments (HCEs)
Name of the Indoor Out door Total waste Waste generation rate
No. of Bed Total Patients
HCE Patient Patient generation Kg/day Kg/patient/day
KSH 250 350 250 600 82.5 0.14

KMCH 300 350 300 650 107.8 0.17
KSH 200 250 213 450 78 0.17
IBH 80 150 80 230 94 0.41
GNCDGHC 25 60 30 85 15.7 0.18
PDC 0 15 0 15 7.3 0.5

KSMH 200 80 120 280 72.5 0.26
CIC 0 50 0 50 10.5 0.21
SSANSH 200 350 150 550 114 0.21
KC 20 20 10 40 18.5 0.46
KCMCH 100 25 100 125 95.6 0.76
Total 1375 1700 1253 3075 696.6 3.33
Average 63.33 0.3
Comparative analysis of medical waste generation (%) in the studied HCEs
Non hazardous waste
Hazardous wastes (%)
(%) Total Hazardous wastes
Name of the HCE Total (%)
(%)
Recyclable waste Sharp waste Infectious waste General waste
KSH 11.5 6.7 16.3 65.5 100.00 24.5
KMCH 13.31 6.3 17.2 63.2 100.00 36.8
KSH 12 2.9 5.7 79.4 100.00 20.6
IBH 9.3 4.5 6.2 80 100.00 20
GNCDGHC 16 4.2 7.8 72 100.00 28
PDC 10 4 9 77 100.00 23
KSMH 11.6 3.6 8.2 76.6 100.00 23.4
CIC 17 7.6 9 74.5 100.00 25.5
SSANSH 13.4 6.5 19.6 60.5 100.00 39.5
KC 6 2.9 1.7 89.4 100.00 10.6
KCMCH 17.6 12 15.4 55 100.00 45
Volume of Hazardous wastes (%)
KSH KMCH KSH IBH GNCDGHC PDC KSMH CIC SSANSH KC KCMCH
19.6
17.6
17.2
17
16.3
15.4
16
13.31
13.4
11.6
11.5
12
12
10
9.3
9
8.2
7.8
7.6
6.7
6.5
6.3
6.2
5.7
6
4.5
4.2
3.6
4
2.9
2.9
1.7
Re cy cla b le w aste Sh ar p wa ste I n f e ctio u s w aste
Hazardous and non-hazardous medical waste in studied HCEs.
100
89.4
90
79.4 80
80 77 76.6 74.5
72
70 65.5 63.2 60.5
60 55
50 45
36.8 39.5
40
30 28 25.5
24.5 23 23.4
20.6 20
20
10.6
10
0
KSH KMCH KSH IBH GNCDGHC PDC KSMH CIC SSANSH KC KCMCH
Non hazardous waste (%) General waste Total Hazardous wastes (%)
Flow diagram of the existing medical waste management in studied HCEs
HCEs
Medical waste generation
Temporary storage in large bin
Municipal dustbin near Collection by NGO

the hospital boundary
Transportation by NGO
Segregation
General Infectious Recyclable Sharp

wastes wastes wastes wastes
Dumping as landfill Air dry Cleaning Encapsuling

or composting
Burning Shedding Burial pit
treatment
Ash Dumping
Dumping Ash
Present disposal scenario of medical waste
Disposal place of Waste HCEs number Percentage (%)
Disposed to Municipal Dustbin 3 27.27
Disposed to NGO's covered bin 6 54.54
Others 2 18.18
Total 11 100
Present disposal scenario of medical waste
100
Total
11
18.18
Others
2
54.54
Disposed to NGO's covered bin
6
27.27
Disposed to Municipal Dustbin
3
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Percentage (%) HCEs number
The basic steps of the eco-design of medicinal wastes
Step-I
Inventory analysis
Segregation/source separation in In-House

Step-II Management
Collection and transportation
Treatment
Step-III
Reuse Disposal
The eco-design of hospital wastes.
HCEs
Hazardous wastes Non-hazardous wastes
Infectious wastes Non-infectious wastes
Sharps Non-sharps Others Chemicals and

pharmaceutical
wastes
Solid Liquid
Recyclable Non-recyclable
Segregation/source separation in In-House Management
Collection of wastes by covered mechanized collection van
Safe transportation through covered mechanized collection van
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The treatment procedure of the hospital wastes
Collection of various hospital waste
Infectious wastes (Non-recyclable) Recyclable wastes Sharps
Sterilization/ Chemical disintegration Sterilization/ Autoclaving Deep burial

Incineration
Autoclaving (Chlorination)
Shredding
Burial (sanitary Landfill)
Recycling industry
Liquid waste water generating from the floor washing, chemical disinfection unit,
sterilization/autoclaving and boiler operation
Functional effluent treatment plant (ETP) (Filtration/Adsorption)
Discharge the treated to the leachate collection drain

CONCLUSIONS
About 255 metric tons of hazardous and non-hazardous waste is yearly generated from our selected hospitals. Where as 982.580
metric tons waste are generated from 107 hospitals. However, it is apparent from 'Prodipan (2023)' that the total number of I-
ICEs in Khulna city is more than 406 nos. that include both registered and non-registered. If not managed properly, the patients
and personnel involved in health care establishments, scavengers and the people around the health centers face a high risk of
silent epidemics of infectious diseases like viral hepatitis. typhoid, gangrene, AIDS etc. Thus the proper management of
healthcare waste has become an urgent necessity .
The average waste generation rate in healthcare establishments is about 0.3 kg per bed per day that contains about 26.7% per bed
per day of hazardous waste.
RECOMMENDATIONS
THANK YOU !

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CE-4200 & CE-4300

ASSESSMENT OF HEAL THCARE WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES

Presented by: Supervised by:

01 KSH 22.8175972N 89.5677138

02 KMCH 22.829621 89.537136

03 KSH 22.845641 89.5403279

04 IBH 22.841930 89.558060

05 GNCDGHC 22.810217 89.560810

06 PDC 22.8131219 89.5560748

07 GMCH 22.8247809 89.5379687

08 CIC 22.8153859 89.554769

09 SSANSH 22.85295 89.52949

General Waste Infectious Waste

Recyclable waste Sharp waste

Hospital waste management in KCC

Field survey design and data collection planning

Primary data Secondary data

Weighted Patients Administration Nurse Technician Cleaners Doctors

Suggestion of expert and correction Final report preparation Report presentation

KSH 250 350 250 600 82.5 0.14

GNCDGHC 25 60 30 85 15.7 0.18

PDC 0 15 0 15 7.3 0.5

KSH 11.5 6.7 16.3 65.5 100.00 24.5

KMCH 13.31 6.3 17.2 63.2 100.00 36.8

KSH 12 2.9 5.7 79.4 100.00 20.6

IBH 9.3 4.5 6.2 80 100.00 20

GNCDGHC 16 4.2 7.8 72 100.00 28

KSMH 11.6 3.6 8.2 76.6 100.00 23.4

CIC 17 7.6 9 74.5 100.00 25.5

SSANSH 13.4 6.5 19.6 60.5 100.00 39.5

KC 6 2.9 1.7 89.4 100.00 10.6

KCMCH 17.6 12 15.4 55 100.00 45

Temporary storage in large bin

Municipal dustbin near Collection by NGO

General Infectious Recyclable Sharp

Dumping as landfill Air dry Cleaning Encapsuling

Disposal place of Waste HCEs number Percentage (%)

Disposed to Municipal Dustbin 3 27.27

Disposed to NGO's covered bin 6 54.54

Percentage (%) HCEs number

Segregation/source separation in In-House

Collection and transportation

Hazardous wastes Non-hazardous wastes

Infectious wastes Non-infectious wastes

Sharps Non-sharps Others Chemicals and

Segregation/source separation in In-House Management

Collection of wastes by covered mechanized collection van

Safe transportation through covered mechanized collection van

Infectious wastes (Non-recyclable) Recyclable wastes Sharps

Sterilization/ Chemical disintegration Sterilization/ Autoclaving Deep burial

Functional effluent treatment plant (ETP) (Filtration/Adsorption)

Discharge the treated to the leachate collection drain

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