First industrial revolution started from textile manufactruing

Making there own clothes, food

Then barter system
No clock , rising and setting of sun
Less transportation
Walk from place to place
• Then people work in cottage industry
• Merchants buy wool from sheep farmers and then give it to cottage
workers to make cloths.
• Then foot peddle machine known as spinning wheel was used to tur
cotton into yarn.
• Then yarn convert into cloth by use of handloom machine.
• Merchant pay to cottage workers for their work.
Spinning jenny and water frame in 1760.

These two machines used power of falling water/hadruallic energy to

convert cotton into thread.

Then spiining mulls…..one machine can do work of 3000 of hand

spinners. Cotton into thread. spinning

Cottage apinning industry collapsed.

Mechanized power looms ---- use water power than muscle power and
make cloth out of thread. Weaving.

These caused shut down of cottage industry.

Workers got angry and started riots and destroying textile machines.

Then agarian economy revolutionised and again put burdern on

workers.
By the time the factory cutlture started.
This was a new concept in Britain. People have to leave homes to work
in factories.

Due to shut down of cottage indsutires and revolution agriculture more

and more workers started working in factories.

Human lives were regulated by clocks and ringing bells in factories.

Majorly Children and unmarried farm girls were working in the factories
for long hours 6 days a week
Wages of men’s were slightly higher than women and children.

Factories were mainly situated near rivers. Because of hydraulic power.

Then steam engine came into play.

The setting up factories near river was a challenge.

Then arises a need for some other fuel. So, the power of coal to run
machines was discovered.
But the major problem was coal was grounded deep under the surface
and before the sufficient extraction it got filled with water available
under the surface.
This problem was tried to resolved by using machines drgged by horses
to pull out water from coal sorrindings.
Steam engine helped in transportation. Carrying agricultural products
and other products.
Indigo plantation- 1931 first industry

1851- cotton mill

1855- jute mill

1854- steam technology in Bombay cotton mill

1859 indigo movement
1860 stopped indigo production
First labour movement 1875-
First factory commission 1875
First factory act 1881- child labour, working hours

1890- N.M LOKHANDE United

BOMBAY MILL HAND ASSOCIATION – First organized labour union
First world war- 1914
Ahmedabad textile labour association- 1917- Mahatma Gandhi Ji
ILO-1919 formation
Labour unions under the governess of Lala Laj path rai
AITUC-1920- communist party

Trade union act- 1926

Trade union dispute act -1929

1939-1945

INTUC- 1947- congress – becomes political

HIND MAJDOOR SABHA- 1948- Smajwadi party

Bhartiya Majdoor sangh- under BJP

SEWA- Self -employed women association – unaffiliated

Industry 4
https://www.drishtiias.com/loksabha-rajyasabha-discussions/in-depth-i
ndustrial-revolution-4-0
Collective Bargaining