BRONCHITIS

A SIWES REPORT PRESENTED

BY
KANU MICHEAL CHIDIEBERE
MAT NO: 2018/116226/REGULAR

PRESENTED TO
DEPARTMENT OF NURSING SCIENCES
FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES
ABIA STATE UNIVERSITY, UTURU

JUNE 2023
INTRODUCTION
Bronchitis is inflammation of the bronchi (large and medium-sized
airways) in the lungs that causes coughing. Bronchitis usually begins
as an infection in the nose, ears, throat, or sinuses. The infection then
makes its way down to the bronchi. Symptoms include coughing up
sputum, wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest pain. Bronchitis can
be acute or chronic.
Objectives
• To understand the concept bronchitis
• To identify the causes of bronchitis.
• To outline the management of bronchitis.
Concept of the study
Bronchitis is a respiratory condition characterized by inflammation
and irritation of the bronchial tubes, which are the air passages that
carry air to and from the lungs. Bronchitis can be classified into two
main types: acute bronchitis and chronic bronchitis.
• Acute bronchitis typically lasts for a few weeks and is characterized
by a persistent cough that may produce mucus, along with
symptoms like chest discomfort, fatigue, and mild fever
• Chronic bronchitis is characterized by a persistent cough that lasts
for at least three months in two consecutive years.
Causes of Bronchitis
• Viruses such as influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus,
rhinovirus and coronavirus
• Bacteria such as bordetella pertussis, mycoplasma pneumonia and
chlamydia pneumonia.
• Pollutants
• Smoking cigarettes
• Respiratory disases such as asthma, cystic fibrosis, or
bronchiectatsis
Symptoms of Bronchitis
• Wheezing
• Tight chest
• Cough
• Excess sputum production
Diagnostic Evaluation
• Blood test to check for anaemia
• Chest X-ray
• Sputum culture
NURSING MANAGEMENT OF BROCHITIS
• Encourage the patient to perform pursed lip and controlled
breathing techniques.
• Encourage mobilization of secretion through ambulation,
coughing, and deep breathing.
• Ensure adequate fluid intake to liquefy secretions and prevent
dehydration caused by fever and tachypnea
• Encourage rest, avoidance of bronchial irritant, and a good diet to
facilitate recovery.
• Instruct the patient to complete the full course of prescribed
antibiotics and explain the effect of meals on drug absorption.
Medical Management
• Hydration to liquefy secretions
• Inhaled bronchodilators to reduce bronchospasm and promote
sputum expectoration
• Antibiotics such as macrolides
• Symtomatic management of fever and cough
• Chest physiotherapy to mobilize secretions.
Conclusion
In summary, bronchitis is a respiratory condition characterized by
inflammation of the bronchial tubes causing symptoms like
coughing, mucus production, and difficulty breathing. It can be
acute or chronic, with acute bronchitis lasting a few weeks and
chronic bronchitis being a long-term condition associated with
irritant exposure. Treatment involves self-care measures,
medication and lifestyle changes. Seeking medical attention is
important for accurate diagnosis and proper management.
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING