LESSON PLAN

SUBJECT : Primary Health Care

UNIT :

TOPIC : Hypertension

GROUP : ANM 1st year

PLACE : Class room

DATE AND TIME : 60 minute

TEACHING METHOD : Lecture cum Discussion

AV AIDS : Black board, chalk, chart

GENERAL OBJECTIVES : At the end of the class the students will be able to gain knowledge regarding causes, risk factors,

Symptoms, complications and management of hypertension

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES : At the end the class student will be able to-
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1. 10 INTRODUCTION: Teacher B
MINS introduced L
High blood pressure (hypertension) is a the topic A
common condition in which the long-term force with the C
of the blood against your artery walls is high help of K
enough that it may eventually cause health chalk board
and B
problems, such as heart disease.
student O
listens A
Blood pressure is determined both by the R
attentively
amount of blood your heart pumps and the D
and takes
amount of resistance to blood flow in your
notes.
arteries. The more blood your heart pumps and
the narrower your arteries, the higher your
blood pressure.
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1. 10 INCIDENCE: Teacher B
MINS  An estimated 1.28 billion adults aged 30- explain L
79 years worldwide have hypertension, with A
most (two-thirds) living in low- and lecture and C
middle-income countries student will K
 An estimated 46% of adults with listen and
take notes B
hypertension are unaware that they have
O
the condition.
A
 Less than half of adults (42%) with R
hypertension are diagnosed and treated. D
 Approximately 1 in 5 adults (21%) with
hypertension have it under control.
 Hypertension is a major cause of
premature death worldwide.
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1. 10 DEFINITION: Teacher B
MINS Blood pressure is the force exerted by introduced L
circulating blood against the walls of the body’s the topic A
arteries, the major blood vessels in the body. with the C
Hypertension is when blood pressure is too help of K
high. chalk board
and B
student O
Hypertension is diagnosed if, when it is listens A
measured on two different days, the systolic attentively R
blood pressure readings on both days is ≥140 and takes D
mmHg and/or the diastolic blood pressure notes.
readings on both days is ≥90 mmHg.
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1. 10 CAUSES: The exact causes of high blood Teacher B

MINS pressure are not known, but several things may explain L
play a role, including: with A
lecture and C
 Smoking student will K
 Being overweight or obese listen and
 Lack of physical activity take notes B
 Too much salt in the diet O
 Too much alcohol consumption (more than A
1 to 2 drinks per day) R
 Stress D
 Older age
 Genetics
 Family history of high blood pressure
 Chronic kidney disease
 Adrenal and thyroid disorders
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1. 10 RISK FACTORS: Teacher B

MINS Modifiable risk factors include unhealthy diets explain L
(excessive salt consumption, a diet high in with A
saturated fat and trans fats, low intake of fruits lecture and C
and vegetables), physical inactivity, student will K
consumption of tobacco and alcohol, and being listen and
overweight or obese. take notes B
O
Non-modifiable risk factors include a family A
history of hypertension, age over 65 years and R
co-existing diseases such as diabetes or kidney D
disease.
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1. 10 SYMPTOMS: Teacher B
MINS Hypertension is called a "silent killer". Most people
explain L
with A
with hypertension are unaware of the problem
lecture and C
because it may have no warning signs or
student will K
symptoms. For this reason, it is essential that blood
listen and
pressure is measured regularly. B
take notes
When symptoms do occur, they can include early O
morning headaches, nosebleeds, irregular heart A
rhythms, vision changes, and buzzing in the ears. R
Severe hypertension can cause fatigue, nausea, D
vomiting, confusion, anxiety, chest pain, and
muscle tremors.
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1. 10 COMPLICATIONS: Teacher B
MINS  Chest pain, also called angina. explain L
 Heart attack, which occurs when the with A
blood supply to the heart is blocked and lecture and C
heart muscle cells die from lack of student will K
oxygen. The longer the blood flow is listen and
take notes B
blocked, the greater the damage to the
O
heart.
A
 Heart failure, which occurs when the
R
heart cannot pump enough blood and
D
oxygen to other vital body organs.
 Irregular heart beat which can lead to a
sudden death.
Hypertension can also burst or block arteries
that supply blood and oxygen to the brain,
causing a stroke.

In addition, hypertension can cause kidney

damage, leading to kidney failure.
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1. 10 PREVENTION: Teacher B
MINS  Reducing salt intake (to less than 5g explain L
daily). with A
 Eating more fruit and vegetables. lecture and C
 Being physically active on a regular basis. student will K
 Avoiding use of tobacco. listen and
take notes B
 Reducing alcohol consumption.
O
 Limiting the intake of foods high in
A
saturated fats.
R
 Eliminating/reducing trans fats in diet.
D
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1. 10 MANAGEMENT: Teacher B
MINS  Reducing and managing stress. explain L
 Regularly checking blood pressure. with A
 Treating high blood pressure. lecture and C
 Managing other medical conditions. student will K
listen and
take notes. B
O
A
R
D