HOLY CROSS COLLEGE OF NURSING, KOTTIYAM

COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING

HEALTH TALK

ON

HOME MANAGEMENT OF HYPERTENSION

SUBMITTED BY: SUBMITTED TO:

MR. GIREESH S PILLAI MRS. SAHITHA C

II YEAR MSc NURSING ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

HOLY CROSS COLLEGE OF HOLY CROSS COLLEGE OF

NURSING NURSING

SUBMITTED ON: 28.12.2020

Name of student : Mr. Gireesh S Pillai Area : UPHC, Mundakkal

Subject : Community Health Nursing Type of Education : Group

Unit : Date &Time : 30.12.2020 @10:00am

Topic of Lesson : Home Management of Hypertension Duration : 15 Minute

Previous Knowledge of Students : From Magazines, Books, Media Venue : UPHC, Mundakkal

Method of Teaching : Lecture Cum Discussion

Resources : Flash card

 GENERAL
OBJECTIVES

At the completion of the class the group will be able to know about the home management of hypertension and practice knowledge
in future with a positive attitude.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the class group will be able to

define hypertension

list down the causes of hypertension

explain the factors affecting hypertension

Specific Objectives
describes the classifications of hypertension

enlist the clinical manifestations of hypertension

describe the diagnostic measures of hypertension

explain the management of hypertension

state the complications of hypertension

explain the preventions of hypertension

SL Time Specific Contents Teaching Student AV Aids Evaluation
No. Objectives Activities Activities

1 1 Minute INTRODUCTION Teacher Try to

Hypertension is high blood pressure, a very common introduce the identify
condition in older adults. Blood pressure is the physical topic through the topic
force exerted by the blood as it pushes against the walls narration
of the arteries. Blood pressure readings are written in two
numbers separated by a line. The top number represents
the systolic blood pressure and the bottom number
represents the diastolic pressure. The systolic blood
pressure is the pressure in the arteries as the heart
contracts pushing the blood forward. The diastolic
pressure is the pressure in the arteries as the heart relaxes.
Blood pressure is the product of cardiac output multiplied
by peripheral resistance. Cardiac output put is the product
of the heart rate multiplied by the stroke volume. In
normal circulation pressure is exerted by the flow of
blood through the heart and blood vessels. High blood
pressure, known as hypertension can result from a change
in cardiac output, a change in peripheral resistance or Teacher
both. Announces
the topic
 TEACHER ANNOUNCES THE TOPIC: HOME
MANAGEMENT OF HYPERTENSION
At the end
of the class
students
will be able
to:
2 1 Minute define DEFINITION Teacher Listening Flash Card
hyper- Hypertension refers to a sustained elevation of systolic defines
tension Blood pressure of 140 mm of Hg or higher, a sustained hypertension What is
diastolic Blood pressure of 90 mm of Hg or more, or Hyper-
taking antihypertensive medications. tension?

3 1 Minute list down CAUSES OF HYPERTENSION Teacher list Asking Flash Card
the causes The cause of most hypertension is unknown. downs the Doubts
of hyper- Occasionally, conditions of the kidney or adrenal gland causes of
tension are the cause of high blood pressure. There are several hypertension
factors that may cause high blood pressure, but the exact
cause is unknown. The following factors may increase
one's risk for high blood pressure:
 Smoking
 Overweight or obesity
  Lack of physical activity
 Too much salt consumption
 Too much alcohol consumption
 Stress
 Older age
 Genetics What are the
etiological
 Family history of high blood pressure
factors of
 Chronic kidney disease
hyper-
 Adrenal and thyroid disorders
tension?
 Sleep apnea

3 1 Minute explain the Teacher Reading Flash card

FACTORS AFFECTING HYPERTENSION
factors explain the AV aids
Over weight – Obesity is defined as having a body mass
affecting factors
index greater than 30 kg/m2. It is very closely related to
hyper- affecting
high blood pressure.
tension hypertension
Alcohol use - Drinking more than one to two drinks of
alcohol per day tends to raise blood pressure in those who
are sensitive to alcohol
Smoking – The immediate noxious effects of smoking are
related to sympathetic nervous over activity, which
increase myocardial oxygen consumption through a rise
in blood pressure, heart rate.
 Stress – Due to stress, a surge of hormones is produced
which temporarily increases blood pressure by carry heart
to heart faster and blood vessels to narrow.
Lack of exercise – A sedentary life style contributes to
the development of obeisity and high blood pressure.
Drugs – Certain drugs rais blood pressure.
Gender – Generally men have a greater likely hood of What are
developing high blood pressure than women. factors
Family history – The tendency to have high blood affecting
pressure appears to run in families. hyper-
Age – About 65 % Of Americans age 60 or older have Tension?
high blood pressure.
4 1 Minute describe the CLASSIFICATION OF HYPERTENSION Teacher Reading Flash card
classificatio Primary hypertension : Is sustained elevated BP without describe the AV aids
n of hyper- any cause. classification
tension Secondary hypertension : Is elevated BP that results of hyper-
from or is secondary to some other disorders. tension

White coat hypertension: Is elevated BP that develops

during evaluation by medical personnel, WHO
traditionally, have worn a white coat. This hypertension
results from anxiety.
Isolated systolic hypertension : Occurs when the
systolic blood pressure is 140 mm of hg or higher but the
 diastolic blood pressure remains less than 90 mm of hg.
Persistent severe hypertension or resistant
hypertension : Is characterized by a systolic blood
pressure above 110 to 120 mm of hg.
5 2 Minute enlist the CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS Teacher Actively Flash card
clinical enlist the observing
 Throbbing or pounding headache
manifest- clinical
 Nose bleeds
tation manifestation
 Blurred vision
of hyper- of
 Dizziness
tension hypertension
 Palpitation
What are
 Tinnitus
clinical
 Dyspnoea
manifestation
 Fatigue of hyper-
 Tachycardia tension?
 Insomnia
6 1 Minute describe the DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION Teacher Listening Flash Card
diagnostic  Bp is measured by Sphygmo manometer describe the
measures of  Blood test – Electrolytes, Blood urea, Creatinine, diagnostic
hyper- Lipid profile test measures of
tension  Test for hormones of the adrenal gland or thyroid hyper-tension What are the
gland diagnostic
 Urine test for electrolytes and hormones. measures of
  USG of the kidney, CT Scan, ECG, Hyper-
 Chest x-ray – size of the heart tension?
7 3 Minute explain the MANAGEMENT OF HYPERTENSION Teacher Asking Flash card
manage-  Limiting sodium intake by eliminating table salt, explain the doubts
ment of cooking salt, and salty and processed foods can management
Hyper- reduce blood pressure by 5 mm of hg. Losing of
tension weight and doing regular physical activity can Hypertension
reduce the blood pressure.
 Medications
 Beta blockers – atenolol
 Calcium channel blockers – amlodipine
 Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors
 Alpha blockers
 Vasodilators
OTHER THERAPY & HOME MANAGEMENT
 Acupuncture and biofeedback
 Meditation, Yoga and relaxation training
 Dietary supplements and alternative medications
Diet and hypertension
 Limit sodium in the diet – adult consumes no
more than 2,400 milligrams of sodium daily
 Potassium supplements 2-4 grams’ daily
  Foods high in omega 3 fatty acids like Soya, Fish Teacher Observing Flash card
help in relaxing coronary arteries. explain the AV aids
 Avoid high sodium food like pickle, meat and management
salty snacks. of
DASH (Directory Approach to stop hypertension) Hypertension
 2000 calories a day
 55% - Carbohydrate
 18% - Protein
 27% - fat
 More fruits and vegetables included.
Exercise
Exercise is the therapy for the primary prevention
treatment and control of hypertension.
Yoga
Yoga reduces blood pressure relieving stress, enhancing
health and improving fitness, no side effects.
Life style Treatment
 Control stress
 Maintain weight
 Restrict alcohol intake
 Restrict sodium intake 1.5 to 2.5 gm/day
 Increase intake of fruits and vegetables
  Regular aerobic exercise
 Eliminate tobacco
 Stop smoking
Follow up What are the

 Check with your health care provider periodically home

 At follow up visits management

 Know about any side effects are having from of hyper-

medication tension?

8 1 Minute state the COMPLICATIONS OF HYPERTENSION Teacher Active Flash card

compli- states the carefully
 Damage to blood vessels
cations of compli- What are the
 Myocardial Infraction
hyper- cations of complication
 Cerebro vascular disease
tension hypertension of hyper-
 Left ventricular failure
tension?
 Heart failure
 Renal hemorrhage and renal failure

9 1 Minute explain the Teacher Listening Flash Card

PREVENTION OF HYPERTENSION
prevention explain the
 Eat a nutritious, low fat diet
of hyper- prevention of
 Exercise and yoga regularly
tension hypertension
 Decrease salt intake
What are the
 Maintain a healthy weight
preventive
  Use alcohol in moderation measures of
 Stop smoking hyper-
 Get your blood pressure checked periodically tension?

 Reduce stress
10 1 Minute SUMMARY Teacher Asking

Now learning regarding the topic we came to know the summarizes doubts

introduction, definition, causes, factors, classifications, the topic

clinical manifestations, diagnostic measures,
management, complications, preventions of hypertension
11 1 Minute RECAPITULATION Active

1. What are the etiological factors of hypertension? answering

2. Which are the classification of hypertension?

3. What are the clinical features of hypertension?
4. What are the diagnostic measures of
hypertension?
5. What are the home management of hypertension?
12 1Minute CONCLUSION Teacher Asking

A condition in which the force of the blood against the concludes the doubts

artery walls is too high. Usually hypertension is defined topic

as blood pressure above 140/90, and is considered severe
if the pressure is above 180/120. High blood pressure
often has no symptoms. Over time, if untreated, it can
cause health conditions, such as heart disease and stroke.
 Eating a healthier diet with less salt, exercising regularly
and taking medication can help lower blood pressure.
13 BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Keshav Swarnakar; Community Health nursing;

3rdedition published by NR Brothers: New Delhi:
2005
2. K K Gulani; Community Health Nursing
Principles and Practices; 1sredition published by
Kumar Publications; New Delhi: 2005
3. K Park; Park Text Book of Preventive and Social
Medicine ;23rd edition published by Bhanot;
India: 2004.