LESSON PLAN

ON
LIFE STYLE
MODIFICATION OF
HYPERTENSION
GUIDED BY : PREPARED BY :
Mis ammaji mam mis. r. aruna kumari
Assist professor 2nd year msc(n)
Dept of cohn Dept of cohn
Pescon. Pescon.

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 Student profile

Name of the instructor : Mis.R. Aruna kumara

Topic : life style modification of hypertension

Group :

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CENTRAL OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the class, the students will be able to enhance the knowledge regarding structure of lungs and develop desirable attitude
and skills while taking care of patients with lung disorders.

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SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the class the students will be able to;

 introduce the topic.

 enlist the associated organs of lungs.
 explain the structure of the lungs.
 describe the interior structure of the lung.
 explain the blood supply of the lungs.
 discuss the nervous supply to the lungs.
 enlist the functions of lungs.
 discuss the disease conditions related to lung

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1mi INTRODUCTION
n
Hypertension is the most common,
important preventable condition seen in
primary care and leads to myocardial
infraction, stroke, renal failure, and death
if not detected early and treated
appropriately.
Hypertension (high blood pressure) is a
major risk factor. Blood pressure is
quantified as diastolic and systolic
pressures measured in millimeters of
mercury (mm of Hg) the diastolic pressure
represents the pressure during ventricular
relaxation in diastolic whereas the systolic
pressure represents the peak pressure due
to ventricular contraction during systole.

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1 2min DEFINITON
According to JNC VII, (joint national
committee)

report, systolic BP of <120 and diastolic of

>80 mmHg
is considered as normal in adults (<18 years).
According to jnc VII, a person with BP
>120/80 is either pre- hypertensive or
hypertensive. Based on the report, about 15-
20% of the population can be regarded as
hypertensive.

Classification of blood pressure (BP)

The American heart association has

recommended guidelines to define normal
and high blood pressure.

classification SystolicBP( Diastolic

mmHG) BP
(mmHg)
normal blood <120 – <80
pressure
pre-
hypertension 120-139 80-89
high blood
pressure

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3 TYPES OF HYPERTENSION

Hypertension can be classified as primary or

essential hypertension and secondary
hypertension.

1. Primary Hypertension:

Primary or Essential hypertension Is the

most common form of hypertension, which
occurs in almost 90 percent of cases. The
causes of essential hypertension is unknown,
however, medical studies and research have
identified some factors which cause
hypertension. Some of these factors are age,
unhealthy dietary habits, increased salt
intake, tension, stress, insufficient rest, lack
of exercise, smoking, obesity, metabolic
disorders, family history, tobacco use,
excessive consumption of liquors, excessive
consumption of tea and coffee.

2. Secondary Hypertension:

Some people have high blood pressure

caused by an underlying condition. This type
of high blood pressure, called secondary

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 hypertension, tends to appear suddenly and
cause higher blood pressure than does
primary hypertension.

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Various conditions and medications can lead to
secondary hypertension including:

 Renal parenchymal disease

 Narrowing (stenosis) of the renal arteries

 Pregnancy

 Oral contraceptive pills

 Pituitary or Adrenal gland tumors

 Coarctation of the aorta

 Cushings syndrome or aldosteronism

 Certain medications, such as birth control pills,

cold remedies, decongestants, over- the
counter pain relievers and some prescription
drugs

 Illegal drugs, such as cocaine and

amphetamines

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Clinical manifestations

High blood pressure usually causes no symptoms

and high blood pressure often is labeled” the silent
killer.” Sometimes people with markedly elevated
blood pressure may develop:

 High blood pressure

 Severe headache

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5.

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Pulmonary Veins

Two veins emerge from the hilum of each lung.

they carry oxygenated blood from the lung and
empty in to the left atrium.

LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE

The lymph from both the lungs is drained in to

respective bronchopulmonary lymph nodes
present at the hilum of lung.

6. 1 min discuss NERVE SUPPLY Explaining Listening Pamp What are the
the by using and writing hlet nerves that

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 nervous the notes supply the
supply to Parasympathetic supply; It is derived from pamphlet lungs?
the lungs vagus nerve. Parasympathetic stimulation causes
bronchoconstriction.

Sympathetic supply; preganglionic fibers are

derived from spinal segments of T2 and T5.
Their action is opposite to the parasympathetic
supply and causes bronchodilatation.

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7. 2min Explain the FUNCTIONS OF LUNGS; Explaining Listening handou Enlist the
functions of by using the and t functions of
lungs Respiratory Functions: handout writing lungs?
notes
1) Inhalation of oxygen.

2) exhalation of carbon dioxide

Non respiratory functions:

1) Route for water loss and heat

elimination by exhalation

2) Helps in maintaining normal acid-base

balance.

3) Enables speech and other vocalization.

4) Defends against inhaled foreign

matters and infections.

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 8. 2 discuss the
min disease DISEASE CONDITIONS RELATED TO Explaining Listening Black Can you list
conditions LUNGS: by using and board the diseases
related to Black board taking related to
lungs Pleuritis: notes lungs?

Inflammation of pleural membrane.

Pleural effusion:

Excess of fluid accumulation in pleural cavity.

Pneumothorax:

Pleural cavity filled with air.

Hemothorax:

Blood in pleural cavity.

Atelectasis:

Alveolar collapse.

Bronchitis:

Inflammation of the bronchi.

SUMMARY:-

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Lungs are the major part of respiratory system. These are the paired cone shaped organs responsible for the respiration. Inferior to
lungs it has bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli. Alveoli of the lungs are the respiratory units of lungs.

Till now we discussed about the position, structure of lungs, inferior parts of lungs, blood supply, nervous supply, and functions of
lungs.

CONCLUSION:-

I hope the students have acquired knowledge regarding structure of lungs and its functions.

EVALUATION

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Formative

1. Which is the largest thoracic organ?

2. What is the shape of the lungs?

3. How many lobes are present in right lung?

4. Name the layers of lungs?

5. What are the surface markers of lungs?

6. Enlist the interior structures of lungs?

7. What is called the functional unit of lungs?

8. Which artery supplies blood to the lungs?

9. Name the nerve that causes bronchoconstriction?

10. Enlist any 2 functions of lungs?

SUMMATIVE:

1.Assignment :

Write the assignment on inferior structures of lungs?

Submit on -10-2018

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

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Teacher references:
1. Ross and Wilson “ Anatomy and Physiology “ , 11th edition ,Elsevier publications , page no. 242-247.

2. PR Asha Latha, “Text book of Anatomy and Physiology for Nurses”, 4rdedition , Jaypee brothers medical publisherspvt.LTD, page
no. 316-322.

3. Tortora and Derrickson “Principles of anatomy and physiology “, volume 2, 13thedition ,John Wiley Publications ,page no.928 -934.

4. B.D. Chaurasia’s, “ Human anatomy “ , volume 1, 4th edition , CBS publications , page no. 223 – 230.

5. Roger Watson, “Anatomy and Physiology for Nurses”12thedition,Elsevier publishers, page no.269-272.

www. Google .com

www. Anatomy of the lungs.com

Students references:
1. Ross and Wilson “ Anatomy and Physiology “ , 10th edition ,Elsevier publications , page no 242-247.

2. PR Asha Latha, “Text book of Anatomy and Physiology for Nurses”, 3rdedition , Jaypee brothers medical publishers pvt.LTD,
page no. 316-322.

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 PES COLLEGE OF NURSING
MICRO TEACHING
ON
ANATOMY OF THE lungs
SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

External evaluvator 17340003

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