Electromagnetic Theory

Dr. R.Senthil Kumar

Assistant Professor ,
SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (SELECT)
 Module 6
Applications of Electromagnetics

Application of electromagnetic propagation through transmission lines and

rectangular waveguides; Wireless power transfer; Electromagnetic interference,
electromagnetic compatibility

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 TRANSMISSION LINE PARAMETERS
A transmission line can be characterised by four parameters:
1. Resistance,
2. Inductance,
3. Capacitance, and
4. Conductance.

Resistance: The resistance of a transmission line is uniformly distributed

throughout the entire length of the transmission line. The value of the
resistance depends upon the cross-sectional area of the line. This resistance
is generally expressed as resistance per unit length (W/m)

Inductance: When the conductors of a transmission line carry some currents,

the magnetic flux linkages per unit current give the inductance of the line. This
inductance is also not a lumped parameter, but is uniformly distributed along
the entire length of the line. This is also expressed as Henry/m

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 TRANSMISSION LINE PARAMETERS

• Capacitance: The capacitance exists between the parallel conductors of a

transmission line separated by an insulating medium. This capacitance is also
not a lumped parameter, but is uniformly distributed along the entire length of
the line. This is also expressed as Farad/m.

• Conductance: Because of the lossy nature of the insulating medium, some

amount of leakage current (displacement current) flows through it and this gives
rise to the conductance of a transmission line. This conductance is uniformly
distributed along the entire length of the length. This is also expressed as
mho/m

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TRANSMISSION LINE EQUATIONS

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TRANSMISSION LINE EQUATIONS

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TRANSMISSION LINE EQUATIONS

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TRANSMISSION LINE EQUATIONS

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 TRANSMISSION LINE EQUATIONS
Problem 1:
A 300 m long line has the following constants: R = 4.5 kW, L = 0.15 mH, G = 60 mmho, C =
12 nF, operated at frequency 6 MHz. Find the propagation constant, characteristic
impedance and velocity of propagation
.

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TRANSMISSION LINE EQUATIONS

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 TRANSMISSION LINE EQUATIONS
Problem 2: A lossy cable with R = 2.5 ohm/m, L = 10 mH/m, C = 10 pF/m and G = 0
operates at f = 1GHz. Find the attenuation constant of the line.

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 TRANSMISSION LINE EQUATIONS

Lossless Transmission Line

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TRANSMISSION LINE EQUATIONS

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 TRANSMISSION LINE EQUATIONS
• In a lossless transmission line, the velocity of propagation is 2.5 *
10^8 m/s. Capacitance of the line is 30 pF/m, find: (a) inductance
per metre of the line. (b) phase constant at 100 MHz. (c)
characteristic impedance of the line

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RECTANGULAR WAVEGUIDES

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RECTANGULAR WAVEGUIDES

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TRANSVERSE MAGNETIC MODES

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 TRANSVERSE MAGNETIC MODES

The cutoff frequency is the operating frequency below

which attenuation occurs and above which propagation
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TRANSVERSE MAGNETIC MODES

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TRANSVERSE ELECTRIC MODES

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TRANSVERSE ELECTRIC MODES

The dominant mode is the mode with the lowest cutoff

frequency (or longest cutoff wavelength

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TRANSVERSE ELECTRIC MODES

Important Equations for TM and TE Modes

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TRANSVERSE ELECTRIC MODES

Important Equations for TM and TE Modes

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 TRANSVERSE ELECTRIC MODES
Problem 1

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 TRANSVERSE ELECTRIC MODES
Problem 1

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TRANSVERSE ELECTRIC MODES

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TRANSVERSE ELECTRIC MODES