Determining Textual Evidence

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Determining
Textual Evidence
By: Marinella B. Ardid
1
TEXTUAL EVIDENCE
2 2
Textual Evidence is
defined as the details
given by the author in
order to support his/her
claims.
3 3
It also reveals the

position of the writer
and makes the reading
more interesting.
4 4
TEXT= written work

Evidence= proof
TEXT + EVIDENCE= Citing proof in the reading.
5 5
Pieces of evidence are
details that strengthen,
add variety, or weight to
any argument.
The evidence provided by

the writer substantiates
the text.
6 6
Steps in Expressing One’s Judgment
about the Text
1. T h e i d e a a b o u t t h e t e x t s h o u l d b e s t a t e d .
2. To d e t e r m i n e e v i d e n c e f r o m t h e t e x t , l o o k
for clues and keywords that support an
idea about the text.
3. T h e p a r t o f t h e t e x t w h i c h i s h e l p f u l i n
coming up with the idea should be quoted
or paraphrased.
4. Q u o t a t i o n m a r k s s h o u l d b e u s e d t o q u o t e
a part of the text. If it is from a book, the
page number should also be indicated at
the end of a sentence.
5. E x p r e s s h o w t h e q u o t e s u p p o r t s t h e i d e a .
7 7
Techniques in Determining Textual Evidences
P-ASSAGE (The evidence must be found somewhere in the passage.)
R - E F E R E N C E T H E S P E C I F I C L O C AT I O N ( Yo u s h o u l d b e a b l e t o
reference a specific section of the text.)
on page….. In the section…..
In paragraph….. It says in the paragraph..on page.. that
O - O F F E R S S U P P O R T- t h e r e m u s t b e a c o n n e c t i o n b e t w e e n the
question and the evidence. (The author shows this…by…, I know
because…., the reason I think… is because…)
V- I E W O F T H E A U T H O R ( p r o v i d e s t h e a u t h o r ’s v i e w o n t h e t o p i c .
Ex. The author stated…., For instance, the author states…)
E Y E C A N S E E I T- ( I t h a s t o b e s o m e t h i n g y o u r e y e s c a n s e e i n t h e
text. Ex. the text directly states… in the text, it explicitly states…
the text said….
I-NFERENCES (you must use clues from the text. Ex. I think…,
because…, I can infer from…. That….
T- E X T F E AT U R E S ( I t i n c l u d e s t h e t i t l e , h e a d i n g s , c h a r t s , t a b l e s ,
graphs, illustrations. Ex. the illustration shows… the graphic
showed…. Based on the section…… according to the title….
8 8
Evidence can
include the following:
1
Facts and Statistics
- Today 4 PM, May 26, 2021, the Department of Health
recorded 5, 310 additional cases of COVID-19. Meanwhile,
there were recorded 7, 408 recovered and i50 died. Of the total
number of recorded cases in the country, 3.9 % (46, 037) were
active cases, 94.5% (1,127,770) recovered, and 1.69% (20,
169) died.
9 9
Evidence can
2
Opinion from Experts
-In a CNN Philippines Newsroom Ngayon interview on
Tuesday, Dr. Frederick Troncales, pulmonary and Intensive
Care Unit physician in Washington State, said the side effects
may only last from just 24 to 58 hours.
“We can see based on the studies and on the people who were
vaccinated in the US that there were no serious side effects, “
he said.
1010
Evidence can
3
Personal Anecdotes
- The hardest thing for me about COVID-19 wasn’t battling the
virus myself- although that truly was a nightmare. It was the
fact I couldn’t hold my husband Gerry’s hand as he lay in the
ICU at Johns Hopkins [hospital], sedated and on a ventilator. It
was the first time I’d been separated from him for more than a
few days during our entire 50-year marriage.
1111
Characteristics
of good evidence
1.Unified
2.Accurate
3.Specific and concrete
4.Representative or typical
5.Relevant to the central point
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How do we integrate textual evidence in writing?
1.Paraphrasing
2.Summarizing
3.Referencing
4.Quoting
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1 Paraphrasing
- Means restating the text in your own
words.
Ta k e n o t e : D o n ’ t f o r g e t t o g i v e c r e d i t t o
the author because it is not your idea.
Remember to cite your source when you
paraphrase.
Original:
Symptoms of influenza include fever and nasal congestion.
Paraphrase:
A stuffy nose and elevated temperature are signs you may have the
flu.
1414
2 Summarizing
- Means stating in a shorter way the text an
other relevant details to support the idea.
Ta k e n o t e : S u m m a r i e s s h o u l d b e m o s t l y i n y o u r
own words. Be very careful not use the original
writer ’s words without putting those words in
quotation marks.
1515
3 Referencing
- Means mentioning a specific section in
the text.
Example: The Department of Education ensures

the delivery of education and safety of the
learners in the opening of classes for this school
year amidst COVID 19 as stated in the DepEd
Order no.7 s. 2020 on DepEd School Calendar
a n d A c t i v i t i e s f o r S . Y. 2 0 2 0 - 2 0 2 1 p a r a g r a p h 2
and 3.
1616
4 Quoting
- Involves copying short sentences or
passages from the original text word-for-
word.
Ta k e n o t e : D o n ’ t f o r g e t t o p l a c e c o p i e d
wording within “quotation marks.” Pu the
page number at the end of the sentence if
it is from a book.
1717
Example:
Example:
Rabiya said she learned how to “enjoy the
moment” and to “love myself even better now”
because of the competition. But the Philippine
representative could not help but recall how tough her
pageant experience was.
“ w h a t I ’ v e b e e n t h r o u g h h a s n e v e r b e e n e a s y. I k n o w
it’s gonna be hard but not as hard as what happened
n the competition. It was a test of Character and a
test of faith,” she said.
1818
“ No matter how eloquent,

no matter how
grammatically sound, no
matter how organized, no
matter how correct-
without evidence, any and
all argumentation will fall
flat.” 1919
Thank You!
2020

Determining Textual Evidence

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Determining Textual Evidence

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Click to edit Master title style

It also reveals the

TEXT= written work

TEXT + EVIDENCE= Citing proof in the reading.

The evidence provided by

Example: The Department of Education ensures

“ No matter how eloquent,

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