Cardiac Cycle

Answers
The left and right sides of the heart are
separated by the septum between them.
When the atria or the ventricles contract, the
Why is this necessary?
volume of the chambers decreases. What does
this do to the fluid pressure in the chambers?

The left ventricle is able to generate more

pressure than the right ventricle. How is this
achieved and why?
Calculate the cardiac output of a person with a
stroke volume of 70ml and resting heart rate
What does the term ‘myogenic’ mean?
of 65 bpm.

A person carrying out exercise has a cardiac

output of 13,050 ml/min. Their heart rate is 145
bpm. What is their stroke volume?
The left and right sides of the heart are separated by the
septum between them.
Why is this necessary?
Keeps oxygenated & deoxygenated blood separate; allows
more efficient delivery of oxygen to the tissues
When the atria or the ventricles contract, the volume
of the chambers decreases. What does this do to
the fluid pressure in the chambers?
Increases the pressure on the blood

The left ventricle is able to generate more pressure than the right
ventricle. How is this achieved and why?
LV has much thicker muscle wall and so can contract more
strongly to generate more pressure; allows blood to be pumped
all around the body and back to the heart
 Calculate the cardiac output of a person with a
stroke volume of 70ml and resting heart rate
of 65 bpm.
CO =SV x HR = 70 x 65 = 4500ml per min
What does the term ‘myogenic’ mean?

Cardiac muscle can contract without an input from the nervous

system; it generates its own electrical signal to initiate beating
at rest
A person carrying out exercise has a cardiac output of
13,050 ml/min. Their heart rate is 145 bpm. What is their
stroke volume?

SV = CO /HR = 13050/145 = 90ml per beat

Annotate
the
diagrams to
summarise
how the
heart beat is
initiated
The SAN
depolarises and
produces an
electrical signal
(action
potential)

A wave of
electrical
activity spreads
from the SAN After a slight delay,
across the atria the AVN picks up the The wave of electrical activity
wave of electrical spreads up the ventricles via the
activity & passes it Purkinje fibres; the Vs contract
down the Bundle of from the apex upwards
His in the septum