Sigmund Freud and

his contribution to
Psychology

By
Hifza Abid
SH QA Inertial Systems
QM Dte Gen.
SUPARCO (SETC)
 Introduction (About Me)
QUALFICATIONS
Hifza Abid 1. Masters in Electronic June-2015 to NED University,
Engineering Dec-2017 Pakistan
SH QA Inertial Systems 2. Bachelors in Electronic Jan 2007 to Dec
Engineering 2010

WORK EXPERIENCE
• Working in Quality Management Dte. Gen. , SUPARCO since
22nd April 2011 (around 12 years)
INVOLVED IN QUALITY ASSURANCE/CONTROL
OF FOLLOWING STRATEGIC PROJECTS
• Abdali Rocket
• PakTES-1A Satellite
• Revalidation of SFMs and Electric Initiators
• Kaukab Project (KEOS-01 and 02)
• Manufacturing of SFMs and Electric Initiators
ACCOMPLISHMENTS
• Certified Lead Auditor ISO 14001:2015
• Distinguish Service Award for successful completion and
Launch of Satellite Project (2018).
• Team Performance Award (2015) for indigenous
development of ESD Test Setup (ANSI/ESD STM11.11-2015 &
ANSI/ESD STM11.12-2015)
• Best Performance Award (2014).
• Author and Co-author of 4 research papers. (2 published in
national journals, 1 presented in national conference and 1 in
international conference)
Who was Sigmund Freud?

Austrian neurologist

Founder of Psychoanalysis

Father of Modern
Psychology

Proposed First complete

theory of personality
Brief Overview of Freud’s Life
enrolled at the medical
Born in 1856 in Moved to Vienna,
school at the
Moravia, Czech Austria when we was
University of Vienna
Republic 4 years old.
in 1873

private practice in the 6 year of research in

treatment of Received medical Physiology and
psychological degree in 1881. specialization in
disorders neurology

1885-86 Treated Works with Breurer Many contributions to Died in 1939 in

Hysteria patients with and developed ‘talking Psychology discussed in England due to
Mentor Jean Charcot cure method’ (1887) cancer.
later slides.
 Unconscious
and conscious
minds

Stages of Structural
Personality Model of
Development Personality
Contribution
to Psychology

Concept of
Dream
Defense
Interpretation
Mechanism
Conscious and Unconscious Minds
 Sigmund Freud delineated the mind in distinct levels.

PRECONCIOU
CONCIOUS S

UNCONCIOUS
 CONCIOUS
All the mental processes and
sensation which you are
aware

PRECONCIOUS
Things you don’t instantly
know but remember through
association

UNCONCIOUS
That which is hidden such as
traumatic events
 Psychodynamic approach

 Sigmund Freud had developed his psychodynamic

approach from his mentor and friend, Josef Breuer.
 Psychodynamic approach, an approach to understanding
human behavior that focuses on the role of unconscious
thoughts, feelings, and memories.
 Breuer had a patient named, Anna O.
Anna O: Sigmund Freud's Case History
 Nursing ailing father at the age of twenty-one.
 bad cough had developed without any physical cause.
 speech difficulties and speechless immediately.
 After some period, she started to speak only in English
instead of her usual German.
 After the death of her father,
 refused to take water
 lost sensation in her feet and hands
 paralysis
 visual hallucinations and a tunnel vision.
Anna O: Sigmund Freud's Case History
 Diagnosis of hysteria.
 hypnosis state (experience and fantasies)
 better feeling after vent out
 recalling emotional event connected symptom in her.
 Example of drinking water glass used by both women and
a dog. (disgust for water and disappearance after venting
out).
 Catharsis-Emotional Release
Anna O: Sigmund Freud's Case History
 Conclusions:
 Freud and Breurer wrote book on hysteria, “Studies in
Hysteria”.
 Emotions related to trauma are not evaporated and are
incorporated in behaviors.
 We cannot control our behaviors our behaviors are the
function of motivation installed or stored in our
unconscious region of mind.
 The Structural Model of Personality

The id:
The part of the personality
that seeks to fulfill all wants,
needs, and impulses.
• Ego also has to cope with the
The id is the most basic,
primal part of our
personalities and does not
consider things such as social
appropriateness, morality, or
even the reality of fulfilling
our wants and needs.
• Ego is the aspect of
personality that deals with
reality.
conflicting demands of
the id and the superego.
The superego:
• The part of the personality
that tries to get the ego to
act in an idealistic and
moral manner.
• The superego is made up
of all the internalized
morals and values we
acquire from our parents,
other family members,
religious influences, and
society.
 The
Structural
Model of
Personality
 The structural model of personality
 3 important conceptual parts of brain
 Id-
 the component of personality that forms the basis of our most primitive impulses.
 pleasure principle — the desire for immediate gratification of our aggressive urges.
 Ego-
 reality principle
 delay gratification until the appropriate time with the appropriate outlet.
 conscious controller or decision-maker of personality.
 Super Ego-
 our sense of morality and oughts.
 the duties and obligations of society
The structural model of personality
 RED:
Stop now.
It’s unsafe
to go.

SUPEREGO

YELLOW:
Go, but be
careful

EGO

GREEN:
Don’t stop
until you hit
Vegas

ID
 The Concept of Defense Mechanism

Conflict or imbalances among the motivations of ID, Ego and superego lead
individual to anxiety, frustration etc.

To cope with anxiety, frustration and to maintain a positive self-image the ego
employs some sort of Defense Mechanism to help reduce these feelings of
anxiety.

Anxiety is an unpleasant inner state that people seek to avoid.

 Common Defense Mechanisms

Fantasy Projection Compensation

Denial Displacement Sublimation

Reaction
Regression Rationalization
Formation
 Defense Mechanisms
• taking out our frustrations,
feelings, and impulses on
Displacement people or objects that are less
threatening.

• Example:
Slamming a door instead of hitting a
person on which you are angry.
 Defense Mechanisms

Denial • Refusing to acknowledge

• Example:
people living with drug or alcohol
addiction often deny that they have a
problem.
 Defense Mechanisms

Daydreaming • Fantasizing to escape reality

• Example:
Thinking about the farewell party
instead of focusing on the
tomorrow’s exam which causes you
anxiety.
 Defense Mechanisms
Explaining an unacceptable behavior or
feeling in a rational or logical manner,
Rationalization avoiding the true reasons for the
behavior

Example:
a student might rationalize a poor exam score
by blaming the instructor rather than
admitting their own lack of preparation.
 Defense Mechanisms
• Acting out unacceptable
Sublimation impulses in socially acceptable
way.

• Example:
Acting out on aggressive impulses by
becoming a boxer