INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL SECURITY

CONCEPT
(LEA 202)

LECTURE 2

College of Criminal Justice Education (CCJE)

(2nd Semester) - SY 2022-2023

ELPEDIO E. MARIMAT JR., Reg. Crim.

Instructor
INTRODUCTION cont’d

Security – implies a stable,

relatively predictable
environment in which an
individual or group, may
pursue its ends without
disruption or harm and
without fear of such
disturbance or injury
What is Security ?

Security means safety, as well as the

measures taken to be safe or
protected....
Security is freedom from, or resilience
against, potential harm (or other
unwanted coercive change) caused by
others. Beneficiaries (technically
referents) of security may be of persons
and social groups, objects and
institutions, ecosystems or any other
entity or phenomenon vulnerable to
unwanted change by its environment.
WHAT IS THE CONCEPT OF
SECURITY?

Fundamentally, security has to

do with the presence of peace,
safety, and the protection of
human and physical resources or
absence of crisis or threats to
human dignity, all of which
facilitate development and
progress of any human society.
The concept of security has
become a preoccupation for the
decades.
WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE OF
SECURITY? (in a workplace)

A comprehensive workplace
security is very important because
it will reduce liabilities, insurance,
compensation and other
social security expenses to be paid
by the company to the
stakeholders. Thus, you increase
your business revenue and reduce
the operational charges that incur
on your business budgets.
The concept of security in an
organizational sense, as a means by
which this safety and stability can be
achieved, has evolved gradually
throughout the history of Western
civilization, shaped by variety of
institutional and cultural patterns.

The practice of utilizing workers and

equipment to protect people and
property is age-old. The types of security
measures that people have taken over
the ages appear to reflect both the
resources that were available and the
nature of the dangers that were present
during each period.
Some of the most common
security systems include:
• Home/residential security systems. It is a
broad term which covers various aspects
of home security and involves the use of
a variety of means and devices....
• Commercial security systems. ...
• Computer security systems. ...
• Fire alarm systems. ...
• Personal safety systems.
Security Management is the
identification of an
organization's assets (including
people, buildings, machines,
systems and information
assets), followed by the
development, documentation,
and implementation of policies
and procedures for protecting
these assets.
What are Security Controls?

Security Controls are safeguards or

countermeasures to avoid, detect, counteract, or
minimize security risks to physical property,
information, computer systems, or other assets.

What are the types of Internal Security Controls?

1. Preventative 2. Detective
3. Responsive/corrective

Before the event, Preventive controls are intended

to prevent an incident from occurring e.g. by locking
out unauthorized intruders;
During the event, Detective controls are intended
to identify and characterize an incident in progress
e.g. by sounding the intruder alarm and alerting
the security guards or police;

After the event, Corrective controls are intended

to limit the extent of any damage caused by the
incident e.g. by recovering the organization to
normal working status as efficiently as possible.
 The most important concept of security?

FUNDAMENTAL
PRINCIPLES OF SECURITY
1. Confidentiality
2. Integrity
3. Availability
According
The to their
Six Principles nature, forSecurity
of Information example:Management
Physical
The fundamental controls
principles - fences,
of information security include:doors, locks and
•fire extinguishers;
Confidentiality (Keeping information safe and secure in places not accessible
to public view)
• Privacy Procedural controls - incident response
processes,
“Privacy management
is an individual's oversight,
right to determine security
what information awareness
they would like
others to know about themselves; which people are permitted know that
and training;
information; and the ability to determine when those people can access that
Technical controls
information”.
• Quality (useful, accurate and timely)
- user authentication
•(login) and
Availability logical
(available whenaccess
needed) controls, antivirus software,
• Trustworthiness (reliable, dependable)
firewalls;
• Integrity (maintaining and assuring the accuracy and completeness of data
over its entire lifecycle. This means that data cannot be modified in an
unauthorized or undetected manner).
(Twomey, 2010).
 What is security concept ?
>

The purpose of an information security concept

is to implement the security strategy. The concepts
describe the planned approach for achieving an
institution’s stipulated security objectives.
The security concept is the central document in a
company’s or public authority’s process.
 Different Types of SECURITY ?

1. Communication Security
2. Computer Security
3. Internet Security
4. Application Security
5. Data Security
6. Digital Security
7. Information Security
8. Network Security
Industrial security is a concept that refers to
a series of security activities that protect
resources and minimize risk and loss to
prevent leakage of key technologies and
confidential information at the enterprise level,
and affect national problems as well.
Industrial Security is a branch of security which is
aimed at keeping large structures such as factories,
schools and hospital safe. These are typically large
scale projects, involving a number of security teams as
well as electronic surveillance and security alarms.
Industry comes from the Latin word
industria, which means "diligence, hard
work," and the word is still used with
that meaning. (e.g. If you build a house
in three weeks, when the same job takes
everyone else three months, you're
showing impressive industry).
Questions
2 Conditions necessary and
sufficient for people to
utilize private security
measures:

1. Felt need;
2. Sufficient resources
A. LEGAL BASIS OF INDUSTRIAL SECURITY IN THE PHILS.

1. Natural Authority
2. Constitutional Authority
3. Statutory Authority
LEGAL BASES OF
INDUSTRIAL SECURITY IN
THE PHILIPPINES

I. Natural Authority
1.1 The highest law is the
law on self-preservation.
(The inherent mechanism of self-
preservation became the unwritten
law of the early Filipinos to protect
themselves and their property against
the natural and man-made hazards).
 LEGAL BASIS OF INDUSTRIAL SECURITY IN THE PHILIPPINES
1. Natural Authority

The highest authority is the law of self-preservation.

By instinct, man naturally reacts to protect himself his family, his

honor, freedom, liberty and property from danger, threat or hazard. He does
it personally and/or thru the help of others.

The Filipinos even before the coming of early Chinese traders were
already organized into tribes. Each tribe has each own Chieftain and also of
the members. The inherent mechanisms of self-preservation became the
unwritten law of the early Filipinos to protect themselves and their property
against the natural and man-made hazards.
 LEGAL BASES CONT’D
2. Constitutional Authority
2.1. The prime duty of the government is to
serve and protect. (Art. II, Sec.4 of the 1987
Constitution)

2.2. No person shall be deprived of life, nor

shall any person be denied the equal
protection of the laws. (Art. III, Sec. 1 of the
1987 Constitution)

2.3. Private property shall not be taken for

public use without just compensation (Art.
III, Sec. 9 of the 1987 Constitution)
Constitutional Authority
1. The prime duty of the Government is to serve and
protect people. The Government may call upon the people to defend
State and in the fulfillment thereof, all citizens may be required, under
conditions provided by law, or to render personal military or civil services.
(Art. II Sec. 4 of the 1987 Philippine Constitution)

Although the defense of the State is the one contemplated here,

people being one of the elements of the State is directly affected in wherever
protection the state will receive from the government and the people. Take note
also that all citizens who are qualified, including the security guards, may be
required by law to render personal military or civil service. The service required
of the citizens is personal.
2. No person shall be deprive of life,
liberty or property without due
process of law, nor shall any person
be deprived the equal protection of
the laws, (Art III Sec. 1 of the 1987
Philippine Constitution)

This means the life, liberty, freedom and property can only be taken from a
person after the observance of due process of law. Due process of law are of two
aspects: substantive and procedural. Daniel Webster in brief defines procedural due
process of law as “one which hears before it condemns, which proceeds upon inquiry,
and render judgment only after trial”. But if taking of life, liberty, freedom or property
does not fall within the framework of due process of law, available remedies under the
law should be resorted to.
3. Private Property shall not be taken
for public use without just
compensation. (Art III Sec. 9 of the
1987 Philippine Constitution)

The Constitution protects not only ownership but also possession, enjoyment,
used and disposition of private property by their rightful owners subject to
such limitations imposed by law. In this regards, private property to be taken
by the government in its exercise of the power of the eminent domain must
satisfy two important conditions, namely; public use and just compensation.
LEGAL BASES CONT’D

2. Constitutional Authority cont’d

2.4. The right of the people to be secure in their

persons, houses, papers and effects against
unreasonable searches and seizures of whatever nature
and for any purpose shall be inviolable and no Search
Warrant or Warrant of Arrest shall be issue except upon
probable cause to be determine personally by the judge
after examination under oath or affirmation of the
complainant and the witnesses he may produce and
particularly describing the place to search and the
persons or things to be seized. (Art. III, Sec.2 of the 1987
Constitution).
LEGAL BASES CONT’D

3. Statutory Authority

3.1 The Revised Penal Code (Act No.3815 as amended)

The applicable provisions of the Code on Crime
Against Persons, Personal Liberty and Security and
Property have bearing on the security and protection of
one’s life, liberty and property.

3.2 Private Security Agency Law (RA 5487 as amended)

This law governs the operation, administration of
security agency and activities, qualifications, duties and
licensing of security guards, watchmen and private
detectives. This law is to professionalize the security
services in order to upgrade the level of security
protection.
LEGAL BASES CONT’D
3.2 Private Security Agency Law (RA 5487 as amended)
3.2.1 Presidential Decree No.11 - Amended Sec. 3(d) which define watchman or
security guard. Watchman or Security Guard Agency. Sec.4 who may organize a
security or watchman agency and Sec. 18 of the penal provisions of RA 5487.

3.2.2 Presidential Decree No.100 – (Amended RA5487 & PD No.11) – Further

amended the Sec.3(d) of RA5487 which further define the watchman or Security
guard or Watchman or Security Guard Agency. Further amended Sec.4 by adding
as the last paragraph thereof; Amended Sec.5 and 8 of Private Security Agency
Law by inserting before the final proviso thereto; Amended Sec. 9 that provides
employees need not be licensed; Amended Sec.11 by adding as the second
paragraph thereof; and Amended Sec. 16 paragraph one, which provides for
limitations and prohibitions.

3.2.3 Presidential Decree No.1919

LEGAL BASES CONT’D
3. Statutory Authority
3.2 Private Security Agency Law (RA 5487 as amended)
3.2.3 Presidential Decree No.1919 – Amended Sec.3(d) of RA5487
as
Amended, is further amended to expand the definition of
Watchman or Security Guard, Watchman or Security Guard Agency;

Amended Sec. 18 of the Private Security Agency Law as amended is

further amended by providing a third paragraph thereof;

Amended Paragraph 3 of Sec. 8 of RA5487 as amended is further

amended the fees to be paid and bonds; and

Paragraph one of Sec.16 of the Private Security Agency Law as

amended is further amended which provide the limitations and
prohibitions of security agency.
3. Statutory Authority
1. The Revised Penal Code (Act No.
3815 ,as amended)
The applicable provisions of the Code on
Crime Against persons, Personal Liberty and
Security and Property have bearing on the security
and protection of one’s life, liberty and property.
2. Private Security Agency Law.( Republic
Act 5487 as amended)
This law governs the operation,
administration of security agency, and activities
qualifications, duties and licensing of security
guards, watchmen and private detectives. In short,
it is the intention of this law to professionalize the
security services in order to upgrade the level of
security protection.
3. Presidential Decree No.11. (Amending
R.A. 5487)
Presidential Decree 11 amended the
Sec. 3 ) which define Watchman or or Security
Guard Agency. Sec. 4 who may organize a
security or watchman agency and the Sec.18 of
the penal provisions of Republic Act. No: 5487.

4.Presidential decree no. 100 9Amending R.A

5487 7 P.D. 11)
The following are amended by
Presidential Decree No: 100. Further amended
the Sec. 3 (d) of R.A 5487 which further define
the watchman or Security guard or Watchman
or Security Guard Agency.
5. Presidential Decree No. 1919 (Amending R.A
5487, P.D No:11 and 100)
The following Sections are further
amended:
Sec.3 (d) of R.A 5487 as amended, is
further amended to expand the definition of
Watchman or Security Guard, Watchman or Security
Guard Agency.
Sec.18 of the Private Security Agency Law
as amended is further amended by providing a third
paragraph thereof.

Paragraph 3 of Sec. 8 of R.A 5487 as

amended is further amended the fees to be paid and
bonds; and
Paragraph one of Sec.16 of the Private
Security Agency Law as amended is further
amended which provide the limitations and
prohibitions of security agency.
B. DEFINITION OF TERMS
1. Security – Protection against any type
of crime to safeguard life and assets by various
method and device.

2. Security Guard – is any natural person

who offers or render personal service to watch
or guard residential or business premises or
both, government buildings, establishments
and/or their premises, for hire and
compensation.

3. Security Supervisor- is charged with

directing the work and observing the
behavioral performance of the guard under his
unit.
4. Private Detective – is any natural person, not a
member of the regular police force or the A.F.P
who does detective work for hire, reward or
commission.

5. Security Guard Force - As a group of forces of

men selected, trained or organized into functional
group for the purpose of protecting operational
processes from those disruption which impede
efficiency or halt operation at a particular plant,
facility, institution or special activity.

6. Security Planning - is a corporate and executive

responsibility. It involves knowing the objectives
of the security and the means and the method to
reach theses objective or goal must then evolved.
7. Security survey – is the process of
conducting an exhaustive Physical
examination and thorough inspection of
all operation system and procedures of
a facility.

8. Security Inspection – is the process of

conducting, Physical examination to
determine compliance with
establishment security policies and
procedures as a result of security
survey.
9. Security Hazard – is any act or condition which may
result in the compromise of information, loss of life, loss or
destruction of property or disruption of the objectives of
the installation.

10. Security Education Program – a program given to

Employees of an installation by lecture and other means
pertaining to measures safeguards to be taken to protect
the interest of the installation from loss, damage,
sabotage, pilferage and other criminal acts.
11. Assets Protection Program –
it is the sum total of protection
scheme encompassing the entire
security spectrum, designed to
eliminate, reduce or control
threats, hazards, risk or dangers
to company assets.
 12.Security Cabinet - added protection of
important vital papers, plans, data,
special correspondence, cash and other
essential documents. Such as vault, safe
and file room.

13.Security Alarm System – combination of compatible intrusion

and detection device, arranged and wired as to support one
another.
14. Security Lighting – the providing of sufficient illumination to
areas during hours of darkness to insure visibility and to ask a
deterrent to the intruders.
15. Physical Barrier – any physical means to impede, delay or
prevent intrusion into a protected area.
 16. MASTER KEYING SYSTEM - a system use in
big installation whereby keys can open a groups
of locks. This is possible by the use of inter
changeable cylinder cores in the locks.

17. REMOTE STATION SYSTEM – a system where the alarm signal

is transmitted to a remote location manned and operated by a
independent party or police department.
Questions