Professional Documents
Culture Documents
c
The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
GSM
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
Important Principles and
Technologies of GSM
GENERATION STAGE
First Analog Mobile Telephone System
Second Digital Mobile Communication System
Third International Mobile Telephony 2000
1. Spectrum Efficiency
2. Capacity
4. Open Interfaces
5. Security
7. Roaming
INTERNATIONAL MOBILE
TELEPHONY 2000 (IMT 2000)
• The future of mobile network that will allow the
multi-media support of high flow of services an
d mobility, with performances higher than thos
e currently offered by the GSM/ GPRS
• Designation of frequency bands is harmonized
universally in the vicinity of 2 GHz
• Ideal transmission speed is 2 Mbps
Technology
CS data - SMS, 9.6Kbits/s
HSCSD
GPRS
EDGE
IMT 2000
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
NETWORK DIAGRAM
MS (Mobile Station)
MS
BTS
BSS (Base Station System)
BSC
PSTN, ISDN...
MSC
NSS (Network Switching
Voicemail Server
Subsystem)
SM-SC VLR HLR AuC EIR
OMC OMC
OMM(Operations & Maintenance
NMC GSM interfaces
X.25 links Management)
BSC MSC/VLR/GMSC
A
BTS
TRAU HLR/AUC
BTS
NSMU FSMU TRAU
BSC MSC/VLR/GMSC
Ater A
BTS
Mobile Equipment
SIM
ZTE University www.univ.zte.com.c
The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
GSM SYSTEM
BSC/ TRC
E G HLR/ AUC
B D
VLR
C
MSC
F
NSS ARCHITECTURE
SIX FUNCTIONAL UNITS
NSS ARCHITECTURE
MOBILE SERVICES SWITCHING CENTER (MSC)
NSS ARCHITECTURE
VISITOR LOCATION REGISTER (VLR)
NSS ARCHITECTURE
HOME LOCATION REGISTER (HLR)
• Central Database of GSM System
• Stores all related data of a mobile subscribers controlled by the same HLR
• Important Static Data:
• IMSI, Access capability, subscriber type, and Supplementary services
• HLR also stores and provides MSC(A) with (dynamic) information of the
MSC(B) area into which a mobile station has roamed, so that any incoming
call is immediately sent to the called subscriber on a selected path.
NSS ARCHITECTURE
AUTHENTICATION CENTER (AUC)
• Functional unit of HLR which is especially used for security
management of the GSM System
NSS ARCHITECTURE
EQUIPMENT IDENTIFCATION REGISTER (EIR)
• Stores International Mobile Equipment Identifier (IMEI) of mobile equipment
• 3 Types of List:
1. WHITE – Authorized Mobile Equipment
2. GRAY – MEs that should be monitored in case of faults
3. BLACK – Unauthorized Mobile equipment
• Mobile operators used EIR information the location of reported stolen MS and blo
ck it
Location Area
• LOCATION AREA
Cell
• MSC SERVICE AREA
• PLMN SERVICE AREA
• GSM SERVICE AREA
BTS SM SM TC MSC
• Network Connections
– Several BTSs
– MSC (if Transcoder is included in BSC)
– OMC-R
Subscriber
OAM
CM
MM
RR
TRANSMISSION
ZTE University www.univ.zte.com.c
The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
FUNCTIONAL LAYERS OF GSM
CM CM
MM MM
RR BSSAP BSSMAP
RR RR
BTSM BTSM SCCP SCCP
MTP3 MTP3
LAPDm LAPDm LAPD LAPD
MTP2 MTP2
Um Abis A
• FLAG: Flag
• ADDR: Address
• FCS: Frame check sequence
– SAPI: Service access point identifier
– TEI: Terminal equipment identifier
– N(S): Sending frame No.
– N(R): Receiving frame No.
200 kHz
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Timeslot
BP
Interval
15/26 ms
Control Traffic
Channels Channels
1 Multiframe
Channel 0
Channel 1
Channel 7
BCCH+CCCH
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
£¨ÉÏÐУ©
(a) FCCH+SCH+BCCH+CCCH
8 SDCCH/8
D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 A0 A1 A2 A3 I I I
£¨ÏÂÐУ©
D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 A4 A5 A6 A7 I I I
8 SDCCH/8
A1 A2 A3 I I I D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 A0
£¨ÉÏÐУ©
A5 A6 A7 I I I D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 A4
(b) SDCCH/8(0,...,7)+SACCH/C8(0,...,7)
BCCH+CCCH
F S B C F S C C F S D0 D1 F S D2 D3 F S A0 A1 I
+4SDCCH/4
£¨ÏÂÐУ© F S B C F S C C F S D0 D1 F S D2 D3 F S A2 A3 I
BCCH+CCCH
D3 R R A2 A3 R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R D0 D1 F S D2
+4SDCCH/4
£¨ÉÏÐУ© D3 R R A0 A1 R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R D0 D1 F S D2
(c) FCCH+SCH+CCCH+SDCCH/4(0,...,3)+SACCH/C4(0,...,3)
F£ºFCCH S£ºSCH
B£ºBCCH C£ºCCCH£¨CCCH=PCH+AGCH+RACH£©
R£ºRACH D£ºSDCCH
A£ºSACCH/C I£ºidle
ZTE University www.univ.zte.com.c
The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
CHANNEL ASSIGNMENT INSIDE CELLS
TN0:FCCH+SCH+CCCH+BCCH+SDCCH/
4(0,_,3)+SACCH/C4(0,_,3);
TN1_7: TCH/F+FACCH/F+SACCH/TF
1. Normal Burst
2. Frequency Correction Burst
3. Synchronization Burst
4. Access Burst
5. Dummy Burst
Training
Sequence
64
Binary
TSC Hexadecimal
BN61 - BN86
0 970897 ‘00100101110000100010010111
1 B778B7 ‘00101101110111100010110111
2 10EE90E ‘01000011101110100100001110
3 11ED11E ‘01000111101101000100011110
4 6B906B ‘00011010111001000001101011
5 13AC13A ‘01001110101100000100111010
6 29F629F ‘1010011110110001010011111
7 3BC4BBC ‘11101111000100101110111100
where, A= n×T/3600
n- calls made by a subscriber within an hour ;
T- average duration of each call(in seconds)
A- Traffic, in Erlang
Number of TRX 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
CCHs 1 2 2 2 3 3 3
TCHs 7 14 22 30 37 45 53
Traffic GoS 2% 2.94 8.20 14.90 21.93 28.25 35.61 43.06
CONVOLUTIONL CODING
260 bits /
20ms
50 bit (Ia) 132 bit 78 bit (Ic)
(Ib)
50 3 132 4 78
Protection
bits
Fire
Code
53 bit 78 bit
136 bit
189
bit
CONVOLUTIONAL 378
bit
CODER (1:2)
456
bit
ZTE University www.univ.zte.com.c
The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
CHANNEL INTERLEAVING
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Odd N+6
Odd N+4 Even N Odd N+5 Even N+1 Even N+2 Odd N+7 Even N+3
57 1 57 1 57 1 57 1 57 1 57 1 57 1 57 1
The DTX mode and the normal mode are optional, since
the former will slightly lower the transmission quality.