Exploring Random

Variables
RHOD VINCENT. DELA CUESTA
Game of Chances
• What Game of chance on the following examples are we playing today?
1. Quadra Dice Game
2. Triple Coin Toss
3. Take my Card Game
4. Russian Roullet (Grades edition)
5. Guess The Shirt
Answer: Triple coin Toss
• 3 representatives Are needed
• They must try to predict the order their coins will land
• Each player will get 3 flips each
• The player with at least 2 correct predictions wins
• If players tied, they will have a rematch
Variables
• It is a characteristic or attribute you use to assume your
values.
• These are mostly associated with CAPITAL letters
• Variables that are assigned to probability values are
called Random Variables.
Coin Toss Game Review (number of heads)
POSSIBLE OUTCOMES VALUE OF VARIABLE X
HHH 3
THH 2
HTH 2
HHT 2
HTT 1
THT 1
TTH 1
TTT 0
Discrete Random Variables
• The Activity Is an example of this type of variable, as All
possible outcomes Are countable.
• The Outcome is still a Random variable since there is no
Assurance of any outcome.
• But the frequency of the outcomes will stay within the
given Values (number of coins and flips)
Continuous random Variable
• Thes are Random variables That cannot be counted since
each one will vary because it cannot be equated as a
whole number.
• Examples of this is measuring distances and height
weight and all in between.
• The variables often used here has an infinite number of
variables
Formula: Number of Probabilities
This can simply be expressed as the following :
X*X*X*X……………
Or
X^y
Where:
x= total number of possible outcomes
y= Total number of Tries
Example
• If you are given 4 dice and you are asked to tell the number of possible
outcomes, how many possible outcome can you give?
• X^Y
• X= 6 Y=4
• 6^4
• 1296 unique outcomes
Exercise
• I have 5 penta-sided dice. If I were to roll All of them, how many possible
outcomes do I get?
• I Tossed 3 coins twice and would like to find the number of probable outcomes.
How many unique outcomes do I have?
Answers
A. 3125
B. 64
Constructing Probability Distributions
Constructing Probability Distributions
• Always remember the FF rules:

1. The probability of each value of the random variable must be between or equal
to 0 and 1 this can be written As: 0<P(X)<1
2. The sum of the probabilities of all values of the random variable must be equal
to 1
Coin Toss Game Review (number of heads)
Constructing Probability Distributions
• There are 8 possible out comes and the outcome that has no heads occurs once,

So the probability of the random variable 0 is 1/8.

• There are 8 possible out comes and the outcome that has 1 head occurs 3 times,

So the probability of the random variable 1 is 3/8

• There are 8 possible out comes and the outcome that has 2 heads occurs 3 times,

So the probability of the random variable 2 is 3/8

• There are 8 possible out comes and the outcome that has 3 heads occurs once ,

So the probability of the random variable 3 is 1/8

 Constructing Probability Distributions
Number of 0 1 2 3
Heads X

Probability P(X) 1/8 3/8 3/8 1/8

Exercise: Constructing Probability Distributions

Which of These Are correct?

X 0 2 4 6 8
P(x) 1/6 1/6 1/3 1/6 1/6

Y 1 5 8 7 9
P(y) 1/3 1/3 1/3 1/3 1/3