PSYCHOANALYTIC

THEORY OF
PERSONALITY
BY: SIGMUND FREUD
OVERVIEW OF PSYCHOANALYSIS
• Psychoanalysis emphasizes
unconscious motivation – the
main cause of behavior lies
buried in unconscious mind.

• It is both an approach to
therapy and a theory of
personality.
OVERVIEW OF PSYCHOANALYSIS
CONSCIOUS MIND LEVELS OF MENTAL LIFE

PRE – CONSCIOUS
MIND

UNCONSCIOUS
MIND
OVERVIEW OF PSYCHOANALYSIS
LEVELS OF MENTAL LIFE
THOUGHTS
AND
PERCEPTIONS
OVERVIEW OF PSYCHOANALYSIS
LEVELS OF MENTAL LIFE

MEMORIES AND
STORED
KNOWLEDGES
OVERVIEW OF PSYCHOANALYSIS
-FEARS LEVELS OF MENTAL LIFE
-UNACCEPTABLE SEXUAL
DESIRES
-VIOLENT MOTIVES
-IRRATIONAL WISHES
-IMMORAL URGES
-SELFISH NEEDS
-SHAMEFUL EXPERIENCES
-TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCES
 3 STRUCTURES
OF PERSONALITY
ID EGO SUPEREGO
 3 STRUCTURES OF PERSONALITY

1. ID
• The “ID” is formed during the
infancy stage.
• Operates on PLEASURE
PRINCIPLE – to gain instant
gratification and avoiding pain.
• “BAD BOY OF OUR PERSONALITY”
 3 STRUCTURES OF PERSONALITY

2. SUPEREGO
• The “SUPEREGO” develops by the end
of preschool years.
• Operates on MORAL PRINCIPLE
- exerts influence on what is right and
wrong.
• “FOLLOWS THE RULES”
 3 STRUCTURES OF PERSONALITY

3. EGO
• The “EGO” is formed during toddler and
preschool.

• Operates on REALITY PRINCIPLE

– does realistic and logical thinking.

• “THE RATIONAL LEVEL”

CONFLICT BETWEEN ID AND SUPEREGO
ID – “I WANT” SUPEREGO – “I SHOULD”

EGO – “I WILL”
CONFLICT BETWEEN ID AND SUPEREGO
THE EGO BECOMES THE MEDIATOR BETWEEN THE CONFLICT OF ID AND SUPEREGO
 CONFLICT BETWEEN ID AND SUPEREGO

I want ice cream right now!!!! No. You’re becoming obese.

AAAAAARRRGHGHGH!

Stop!
(Eats a small bar
of chocolate)
 5 PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES
OF DEVELOPMENT
• Freud believed that early experiences are very
important in human development.
• During these stages of development, the EROGENOUS
ZONES associated with each stage serves as source of
pleasure.
• A person can become FIXATED or stuck in a stage
when a basic need is not met, therefore it may affect
development.
5 PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES
OF DEVELOPMENT
According to Sigmund Frued

STAGE 1: STAGE 2: STAGE 3:

ORAL ANAL PHALLIC
STAGE 4: STAGE 5:
LATENCY GENITAL
 PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT

1. ORAL STAGE – Birth to 18 months

• Pleasure comes from oral through mouth sucking
eating , mouthing, chewing and biting.
 PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT

ORAL STAGE FIXATIONS:

ORAL RECEPTIVE (Smoking, ORAL AGGRESSIVE (Cursing,
Overeat, Drink Alcohol) Gossiping, Biting of Nails)
 PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT

2. ANAL STAGE – 18 months until 3 years

• Pleasure focuses on bowel movement
(withholding/eliminating feces)
 PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT

ANAL STAGE FIXATIONS:

ANAL EXPULSIVE (Messy and ANAL RETENTIVE (Obsession with
Disorganized) cleanliness, perfection and control)
 PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT

3. PHALLIC STAGE – 3 to 6 years

• Pleasure through genitals.

• Child starts to recognize what
it means to be a girl or a boy.
• Conflicts arise due to greater emotional attachment
to one parent over another.
 PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT

OEDIPUS COMPLEX ELECTRA COMPLEX

PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT
PHALLIC STAGE FIXATIONS:
SEXUAL DEVIANCES
VANITY (EXHIBITIONISM)
PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT

PHALLIC STAGE FIXATIONS:

WEAK OR CONFUSED SEXUAL IDENTITY
 PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT

4. LATENCY STAGE – 7 to 11 years

• Focuses on physical and academic skills of the children.

• Sexual urges remain repressed

• The child builds up social group

with their same gender.
(Boys with Boys, Girls with Girls)
 PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT

5. GENITAL STAGE – 12 years onwards

• The puberty stage where sexual urges are once again
awakened.
• Focus their sexual urges
towards the opposite sex
peers.
• Pleasure is centered on
the genitals.
“The only person on
whom you have to
compare yourself
is YOU in the past”
- SIGMUND FREUD