Development Stages in Middle

and Late Adolescence

TOPICS ADOLESCENCE
01 BETWEEN CHILDHOOD AND ADULTHOOD

CHANGES DURING
02 ADOLESCENCE

ADOLESCENCE AND SOCIAL

03 BEHAVIOR

04 DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS
 ADOLESCENCE

Early Adolescence – ages around 10-13

Middle Adolescence – ages around 14-16
Late Adolescence – ages around 17-20
Early Adolescence – ages around 10-13
Middle Adolescence – ages around 14-16
Late Adolescence – ages around 17-20
PSYCHOSEXUAL
THEORY
Who is Sigmund Freud?
• Founder of
psychoanalysis and
psychoanalytic theories
• B a s e d on the belief that
developmental changes occur
because of the influence of
internal drives and emotions on
behavior
TheConscious Mind
• Everything that we are aware
of
• Aspect of our mental
processing that we can think
and talk about rationally
PreconsciousMind
• Memory
• N o t always part of
consciousness but can be
retrieved easily at any time
and brought into our
awareness
TheUnconscious Mind
• Reservoir of feelings,
thoughts, urges and
memories that is outside of
our conscious awareness.
TheUnconscious Mind
• Most are unacceptable or
unpleasant such as pain,
anxiety or conflict
• Te n d to influence our
behavior and experience even
though we are unaware of
these underlying influences
Freuds’ Psychosexual Deveo
l pment
• Personality develops primarily in the
Unconscious Mind
• Th re e Structures of Personality
– ID
–E G O
–SUPEREGO
Freuds’ Psychosexual Deveo
l pment
• ID
– Innate
– S e e k s immediate gratification
– “pleasure is good and nothing else matters”
– Libido (psychosexual energy) was described as the driving
force behind pleasure-seeking behavior
Freuds’ Psychosexual Deveo
l pment
• EGO
– Rational : obeys Reality Principle
– Develops in the first 2 years of life
– Holds I D in check and helps it achieve gratification
within confines of reality
Freuds’ Psychosexual Deveo
l pment
• SUPEREGO
– Learned
– Inhibits the I D urges : complete counterpart
– Works as the moral consciousness of the mind (tells us what is
right and wrong)
DEFENSE MECHANISMS
• Ways of thinking about a
situation that a person might
use to reduce anxiety
• Anxiety is produced from the
conflict of the ID, E G O
and S U P E R E G O
Freuds’ Psychosexual Deveo
l pment
• Personality develops through a series of childhood
stages during which the pleasure- seeking energies of the
I D become focused on certain erogenous areas
Freuds’ Psychosexual Deveo
l pment
• If each stage is successful = healthy personality
• If certain issues not resolved
– F I X AT I O N is a persistent focus on an earlier psychosexual
stage. T h e individual will remain “stuck” in this stage if not
resolved
THEORAL STAGE
• A G E : 0-2 years old (infancy)
• P L E A S U R E : Oral Stimulation
– Rooting and sucking reflex is important
– T h e mouth is vital for eating, therefore survival
• C O N F L I C T : Weaning Process
– T h e child must become less dependent upon caretakers
THEORAL STAGE
• S U C C E S S : develops a sense of trust and comfort
– Infant is entirely depended upon caretakers who are responsible
for feeding the child
• F I X AT I O N :
– individual would have issues with dependency or aggression
– Problems in drinking, eating, smoking., or nail biting
THEANAL STAGE
• A G E : 2-3 years old
• P L E A S U R E : Controlling Bladder and Bowel
movements
• C O N F L I C T : Toilet Training
THEANAL STAGE
• S U C C E S S : Competent, Productive and Creative
Adults
– There is a sense of accomplishment and independence
– depends upon the way in which parents approach toilet
training
– Praise and rewards encourage positive outcomes and help
children feel productive
THEANAL STAGE
• F I X AT I O N :
– Anal-Expulsive Personality
• Parents are too lenient
• Individual has a messy, wasteful, or destructive
personality
– Anal-Retentive Personality
• Parents are too strict
• Individual is stringent, orderly, rigid and obsessive
THEPHALLIC STAGE
• A G E : 3-7 years old
• P L E A S U R E : Genitals (Self-Pleasure)
• CONFLICT :
– Oedipus Complex
• B o y develops sexual (pleasurable) desires for his mother
• Want to possess his mother exclusively and get rid of
his father
THEPHALLIC STAGE
• A G E : 3-7 years old
• P L E A S U R E : Genitals (Self-Pleasure)
• CONFLICT :
– Oedipus Complex
• B u t the boy thinks that if his father finds out, his father would take
away what he loves the most. During this stage, what the boy loves the
most is his penis. This is called castration anxiety.
THEPHALLIC STAGE
• CONFLICT :
– Electra Complex
• Less than satisfactory
• Girl desires the father but realizes she does not have
a penis
• This leads to development of penis envy and the wish to be a boy
THEPHALLIC STAGE
• SUCCESS :
– Identification – internally adopting the values, attitudes and
behaviors of another person
• the little boy sets out to resolve this problem by imitating, copying
and joining in masculine dad-type behaviors
THEPHALLIC STAGE
• F I X AT I O N :
– Repression
• T h e girl blames her mother for her “castrated state” and this creates
great tension
• T h e girl then represses her feelings to remove tension and identifies with
the mother to take on the female gender role. S h e represses her desire
for her father and substituting the wish for a penis with the wish for a
baby
THELATENCY STAGE
• A G E : 7-11 years old
• P L E A S U R E : Intellectual pursuits and Social
Interaction
– Libido is dormant and suppressed
– Begins around the time children go to school and become
more concerned with peer relationships, hobbies and other
interests
– Time of exploration
THELATENCY STAGE
• A G E : 7-11 years old
• P L E A S U R E : Intellectual pursuits and Social
Interaction
– Sexual energy is still present but is directed to other areas in
intellectual pursuits and social interactions
– Play becomes confined to other children of the same gender
THELATENCY STAGE
• SUCCESS :
– Development of Social and Communication Skills and
Confidence
– Developing the Defense Mechanisms
THEGENITAL STAGE
• A G E : 11 to Adulthood
• P L E A S U R E : Heterosexual Pleasure rather than
Self-Pleasure
• C O N F L I C T : Fixation in other
Psychosexual S t a g e s
THEGENITAL STAGE
• SUCCESS :
– Well-balanced, warm and caring individual
– Settling down in a loving one-to-one relationship with
another person in our 20’s
– Proper outlet of sexual instincts through heterosexual
intercourse
THEGENITAL STAGE
• F I X AT I O N : Sexual Perversions
– Fixation at Oral S t a g e may result to a person gaining sexual
pleasure primarily from kissing and oral sex rather than sexual
intercourse
REFERENC
ES
• McLeod, S . A . (2008). Psychosexual Stages.
Retrieved from
www.simplypsychology.org/psychosexual.ht ml
• Freud’s S t a g e s of Psychosexual Development by
Kendra Van Wagner
QUESTIONS??
ACTIVITY-Files
Assigned Person to
Summarize
Asynchronous Tasks:
 Read more about Psychosexual
Theory
 Answer SA1.3b(sent to
FILES) –COMPLETION
ACTIVITY
 TASKS

Early Adolescence – ages around 10-13

Middle Adolescence – ages around 14-16
Late Adolescence – ages around 17-20
TASKS:
1. Learn to make friends to both sexes
2. Lean to accept your physical body and
keep it healthy
3. Learn to be self-sufficient
4. Learn to make decisions about marriage
and family life
5. Learn to prepare for a job or career.
6. Learn to guide behavior through set of
values
7. Learn to be responsible towards society
TASKS:
1. Learn to make friends to both sexes
-look at the males and females as men for
you to look at them as people of the society.
-learn to work with them for a common
purpose without thinking of your personal
feelings and to lead without dominating

2. Lean to accept your physical body and

keep it healthy
-
TASKS:

2. Lean to accept your physical body and

keep it healthy
- keep your body healthy, eat healthy, sleep
for eight hours, exercise regularly, prevent
deceases and do other health practices.
TASKS:

3. Learn to be self-sufficient
-keep the fire of loving your parents without
depending on them
-respect older citizen without dependence
upon them
TASKS:

4. Learn to make decisions about marriage and

family life.
-explore attitudes towards having family
-get knowledge needed for managing home
and child rearing
TASKS:

5. Learn to prepare for a Job or Career

-develop career goals and ways in reaching
these goals to be able to make a living

6. Learn to guide behavior through set of

values.
-have an outlook towards life based on what
is necessary
TASKS:

7. Learn to be responsible towards society

-be a person everywhere especially in the
community
-develop moral values to guide your own self
Activity #2.2
Classify a stage and a task