Objectives

 Be familiar with robotic industrial applications

 To choose among Humans, robots and automation

 To be familiar with robot advantages and disadvantages

Robotics, prepared by Prof. Dr. Mahdi Alshamasin

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Robot Applications

■ Industrial applications
■ Medical applications
■ Assisting disabled individuals
■ Hazardous environments
■ Education
■ Entertainment.
■ Underwater, space, and remote locations

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Industrial Robot & Automation

Industrial robots are neither as fast nor as efficient as special-

purpose automated machine tools. They are easily retrained
(‫)إعادة التدريب‬or reprogrammed to perform an array of different
tasks, whereas an automated special-purpose machine tool can
work on only a very limited class of tasks and is designed to do
one task very efficiently.

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Choosing among HUMANS, ROBOTS, and
AUTOMATION

■ The first rule to be considered is known as the Four D’s of

Robotics. Is the task dirty, dull(‫)ممل‬, dangerous, or difficult?
■ The second rule recalls the fourth law of robotics: A robot may
not leave a human jobless.
■ A third rule involves whether you can find people who are
willing to do the job.
■ A fourth rule is that the use of robots or automation must make
short-term and long-term economic sense.

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Choosing among HUMANS, ROBOTS, and
AUTOMATION
■ A task that has to be done only once or a few times and is not dangerous
probably is best done by a human.
■ A task that has to be done a few hundred to a few hundred thousand
times, however, is probably best done by a flexible automated machine
such as an industrial robot.
■ A task that has to be done 1 million times or more is probably best
handled by building a special-purpose hard automated machine to do it.

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Robot Industrial Applications
■ Material handling applications (‫)مناولة المواد‬:
Material transfer applications (‫)نقل المواد‬:
Pick & place applications (‫) التقاط ووضع‬.
Palletizing & depalletizing applications ( ‫( تحميل وتنزيل المنصات‬

Machine loading/unloading applications ( ‫) تحميل وتفريغ‬.

■ Processing applications
Welding applications: Spot welding, Continuous arc welding.
Painting.
Other processing applications.
■ Assembly applications.
■ Inspection applications.
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Predictions

■ Predictions for the end of 2010 were satisfied:

Advanced personal robots appeared, as will robot-assisted surgery.
■ Predictions for the end of 2050:
Scientists will have precise digital control of cells. Biological robots will enhance the
performance of the human body.

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Robot benefits

Advantages of Robots:
■ Increase Productivity, Safety, Efficiency, Quality, and Consistency of products.
■ Work in Hazardous & D.D.D.D environments.
■ Have capabilities beyond that of humans.
Robotizing Process:
■ Improve flexibility,
■ Improve quality,
■ Improve productivity,
■ Reduce the costs of an expensive labour.

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Disadvantages of Robots (‫) مثالب الروبوتات‬:
■ Lack capabilities to respond in emergencies.
■ Have limited capabilities in sensing and real-time response.
■ Costly.
Braking Robotization ( ‫) مثبطات الروبوتات‬:
■ Cost of the robots.
■ Cheap labour.
■ Formation needs.
■ Inopportune social or financial aspect. (‫)عدم مناسبة الجانب االجتماعي أو المالي‬

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Resume for advantages & disadvantages of robots

 Robots increase productivity, safety, efficiency, quality, and consistency of products.

 Robots can work in hazardous environments without the need for environmental comfort.
 Robots work continuously without experiencing fatigue of problem.

 Robots have repeatable precision at all times.

 Robots can be much more accurate than human.

 Robots replace human workers creating economic problems.

 Robots can process multiple stimuli or tasks simultaneously.
 Robots lack capability to respond in emergencies.

 Robots, although superior in certain senses, have limited capabilities in Degree of

freedom,, Sensors, Vision system, real time response.
Dexterity
 Robots are costly, due to Initial cost of equipment, Installation costs, Need for
Peripherals, Need for training, Need for programming.

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Industrial Robot assembly

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Robot Arm

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Mobile Robot (Wheeled)

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Mobile Robot(Legged)

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Modern Robot

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Advanced Robots

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