8th grade

Grammar and
Sentence Structure
Refinement -
Language Arts
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Table of contents

01 Section 04 Section
You can describe the You can describe the
topic of the section here topic of the section here

02 Section 05 Section
You can describe the You can describe the
topic of the section here topic of the section here

03 Section 06 Section
You can describe the You can describe the
topic of the section here topic of the section here
 Whoa!
This can be the part of the presentation where you
introduce yourself, write your email…
01
Name of the section
You can enter a subtitle here if you need it
Do you need longer text?
01
Mercury is the closest planet to the
Sun and the smallest one in the entire
Solar System. Contrary to popular
belief, this planet's name has nothing
to do with the liquid metal. Mercury
was, instead, named after the famous
Roman messenger god Mercurius
02
Mercury takes a little more than 58
days to complete its rotation, so try to
imagine how long days must be there!
Since the temperatures are so
extreme, albeit not as extreme as on
Venus, Mercury has been deemed to
be non-habitable for humans
The slide title goes here!
Do you know what helps you make your point
crystal clear?

Lists like this one:

● They’re simple

● You can organize your ideas clearly

● You’ll never forget to buy milk!

And the most important thing: the audience

won’t miss the point of your presentation
You can divide the content

01 Mercury
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest one
in the Solar System—it’s only a bit larger than the Moon

02 Venus
Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from
the Sun. It’s hot and has a poisonous atmosphere
Here are three important ideas

01
Mercury 02
Mercury is the closest
planet to the Sun and the Venus 03
smallest of them all Venus has a beautiful
name and is the second Mars
planet from the Sun Despite being red, Mars
is actually a cold place.
It’s full of iron oxide dust
Divide the content in four ideas
Mars
Despite being red, Mars is actually a cold
place. It’s full of iron oxide dust, which
gives the planet its reddish cast
Saturn
Saturn is a gas giant and has several rings.
It’s composed mostly of hydrogen and
helium. It was named after the Roman god
Jupiter
Jupiter is a gas giant and the biggest planet
in the Solar System. It’s the fourth-
brightest object in the night sky
Neptune
Neptune is the farthest planet from the
Sun. It’s also the fourth-largest planet by
diameter in the Solar System
Reviewing concepts is a good idea
01 02 03
Mars Venus Saturn
Mars is actually a very Venus has extremely It has a high number of
cold place high temperatures moons, like Jupiter

04 05 06
Earth Mercury Neptune
Earth is the third planet Mercury is the closest Neptune is the farthest
from the Sun planet to the Sun planet from the Sun
Awesome
words
“This is a quote, words full of
wisdom that someone
important said and can make
the reader get inspired”

—Someone Famous
A picture is worth a thousand words
A picture always
reinforces
the concept
Images reveal large amounts of
data, so remember: use an image
instead of a long text. Your
audience will appreciate it
 98,300,000
Big numbers catch your audience’s attention
9h 55m 23s
Jupiter’s rotation period

333,000
The Sun’s mass compared to Earth’s

386,000 km
Distance between Earth and the Moon
Let’s use some percentages

10% 50% 100%

Saturn Venus Neptune

It’s composed mostly of Venus has a beautiful Neptune is the farthest
hydrogen and helium. name and is the second planet from the Sun. It’s
It was named after the planet from the Sun. It’s also the fourth-largest
Roman god of wealth terribly hot, even hotter planet by diameter in
and agriculture than Mercury the Solar System
Computer
mockup
You can replace the image on the
screen with your own work. Just
right-click on it and select
“Replace image”
Phone mockup
You can replace the image on the
screen with your own work. Just
right-click on it and select
“Replace image”
This is a map
Saturn
It has a high number of
moons, like Jupiter

Venus
Venus has extremely
high temperatures

Mars
Mars is actually a very
cold place
A timeline always works well
2XXX 2XXX 2XXX
Mars is actually a very Venus has extremely It has a high number of
cold place high temperatures moons, like Jupiter

2XXX 2XXX 2XXX

Earth is the third planet Mercury is the closest Neptune is the farthest
from the Sun planet to the Sun planet from the Sun
Infographics are useful
Mars Saturn
Mars is actually a very It has a high number of
cold place moons, like Jupiter

Earth Neptune
Earth is the third planet Neptune is the farthest
from the Sun planet from the Sun
Use tables to represent data

Team A Team B Team C Team D

Mercury 0.06 0.53 0.38 0.38

Mars 0.11 9.4 0.53 0.78

Saturn 95.2 1.16 9.4 1.16

You can use this graph

Venus Saturn
Venus has extremely It has a high number of
high temperatures moons, like Jupiter

Mercury Neptune
Mercury is the closest Neptune is the farthest
Follow the link in the graph to modify its planet to the Sun planet from the Sun
data and then paste the new one here.
For more info, click here
Our team

Sofia Hill Timmy Jimmy Susan Smith

You can speak a bit about You can speak a bit about You can speak a bit about
this person here this person here this person here
Rubric
Criteria Outstanding (4) Proficient (3) Basic (2) Insufficient (1)
Exceptional understanding, Solid understanding, Addresses some, limited
Content Lacks clear understanding
clear mostly clear clarity
Org Logical structure Orderly with clarity Acceptable, could improve Lacks clear structure

Precise, clear with
Language
impeccable grammar
Creat Presents innovative ideas
Instr Fully follows all instructions
Refs Provides proper citations
Clear language, minor Understandable, Language impedes with
errors occasional errors numerous errors
Some creativity, limited Lacks creative or
Presents creative ideas
innovation innovative ideas
Mostly follows Most not followed
Some not fully followed
appropriately appropriately
Provides citations, some Limited or improper
Lacks proper citations
errors citations
Multiple choice questions
Select the correct answer
1. Which sentence is grammatically correct?
A. She don't like pizza.
B. She doesn't likes pizza.
C. She doesn't like pizza.
D. She not like pizza.
2. Identify the sentence with correct parallel structure:
A. He enjoys hiking, swimming, and to ride bicycles.
B. He enjoys hiking, swimming, and riding bicycles.
C. He enjoys to hike, swim, and riding bicycles.
3. Choose the correct sentence with proper punctuation:
A. The concert was amazing, everyone had a great time.
B. The concert was amazing everyone had a great time.
C. The concert was amazing; everyone had a great time.
D. The concert was amazing everyone, had a great time.
Answers
4. Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?
A. Neither of the students have completed the assignment.
B. Neither of the students has completed the assignment.
C. Neither the students have completed the assignment.
D. Neither the students has completed the assignment.
5. Identify the sentence with proper subject-verb agreement:
A. The team are playing well this season.
B. The team is playing well this season.
C. The team plays well this season.
D. The team were playing well this season.
6. Choose the sentence that uses the correct relative pronoun:
A. The girl who's brother is a doctor.
B. The girl that's brother is a doctor.
C. The girl whose brother is a doctor.
D. The girl which brother is a doctor.
Short answer questions Answers

1. Subject-Verb Agreement:
Explain the concept of subject-verb agreement and provide an example.

2. Comma Usage:
Describe when to use a comma before a coordinating conjunction (and, but, or) in a sentence.

3. Apostrophes:
Explain the rules for using apostrophes to show possession and provide an example.

4. Parallel Structure:
Define parallel structure in a sentence and give an example of a sentence that follows this rule.

5. Relative Pronouns:
List three relative pronouns and provide a sentence using one of them.

6. Sentence Fragments:Identify and correct the sentence fragment: "Running through the park on a
sunny day."
Group discussion
Controversial literary themes

Title Author Controversial Theme

"The Giver" Lois Lowry Government control vs. individual freedom
"To Kill a Mockingbird" Harper Lee Racism and injustice
"The Outsiders" S.E. Hinton Social class and stereotypes
"The Hunger Games" Suzanne Collins Violence in entertainment and government control
"Lord of the Flies" William Golding Human nature: Civilization vs. savagery
"Fahrenheit 451" Ray Bradbury Censorship and intellectual freedom
"The Diary of Anne Frank" Anne Frank Holocaust and human rights
"Animal Farm" George Orwell Allegory of the Russian Revolution
"The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian" Sherman Alexie Cultural identity and racism
"Speak" Laurie Halse Anderson Silence, trauma, and self-
Practical application
Week 1-2: Introduction Week 5-6: Parts of Week 9-10: Advanced
to Grammar Basics Speech Mastery Grammar Concepts

Week 3-4: Sentence Week 7-8: Punctuation Week 11-12: Editing

Structure Refinement Precision and Peer Review
Essay
From a literary work that has been worked on, ask for an essay on its literary resources

Text here
Answers 1
Multiple choice questions

1. Which sentence is grammatically correct?

C. She doesn't like pizza.
2. Identify the sentence with correct parallel structure: B. He enjoys hiking, swimming, and riding bicycles.
3. Choose the correct sentence with proper punctuation: C. The concert was amazing; everyone had a great
time.
4. Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?: B. Neither of the students has completed the assignment.
5. Identify the sentence with proper subject-verb agreement: B. The team is playing well this season.
C. The girl whose brother is a doctor.
6. Choose the sentence that uses the correct relative pronoun: C. The girl whose brother is a doctor.
Answers 2
Short answer questions

1. Subject-Verb Agreement: Subject-verb agreement means that a singular subject takes a singular verb, and a plural subject
takes a plural verb. Example: "The cat is sleeping."

2. Comma Usage: Use a comma before a coordinating conjunction in a compound sentence. Example: "She likes to read, but she
finds it relaxing."

3. Apostrophes: Use an apostrophe to show possession. Example: "The cat's collar is red."

4. Parallel Structure: Parallel structure involves using the same grammatical form for items in a list. Example: "She likes to hike,
swim, and ride bicycles."

5. Relative Pronouns: Relative pronouns include who, whom, whose, which, and that. Example: "The girl whose brother is a
doctor is my friend."

6. Sentence Fragments: The given phrase is a fragment. Corrected: "She enjoys running through the park on a sunny day ."
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