Why did Northumbria rise up against Tostig?

LO: Explain why there was a Do now:

rebellion against Earl Tostig. 1. How is the north
of England
different from
the south?
2. Why do you think
there are those
differences?
Why was there an
uprising against
Tostig?
L.O: Evaluate the causes and
consequences of the Tostig uprising.

Do Now: Look through your books and remember key

bits of information.
We will play a game where you will need to know what
key words, events and people are.
 Guess the key word

You are now playing as teams.

One team member will have 45 seconds to guess as many words as
possible.
The rest of the team will see the words but are not allowed to say it.
If the word is said you will lose a point.
The team with the most points will all get credits.

Pick your team player.

 Housecarl Witain
Hue and cry Shire reeve
Wessex Bishop
Edward the confessor Burh
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Monks and nuns 1018
King Cnut Embassy
Denmark Tostig
Earldom Peasant
Fyrd Silver
 Why was there an uprising against Tostig?
• L.O: Evaluate the causes and consequences of the
Tostig uprising.
Do Now: Write the key term in your glossary
Danelaw - The laws created by the Danes who ruled
large parts of central and eastern England. This land
had been ruled by the Vikings.
Then answer the questions in your book:
• Who is Tostig?
• He was the son of earl Godwin

• How is he linked to Northumbria?

• He was made earl of Northumbria after Godwin’s death

• Where was the Godwin base of power?

• The south – Wessex most powerful
 Why was there an uprising against Tostig, Earl of
Northumbria in 1065?
In the year 1055 Tostig became
the Earl of Northumbria. By 1065
their was an uprising against
him.

You have nine causes for the uprising

against Tostig, Earl of Northumbria.
Do Now: sort the factors into long
and short-term causes.
EXT: Imagine you are King Edward
the Confessor – what would you do
about the uprising?
 What were the causes Tostig uprising?
 Do Now: sort the causes into long and short-term causes.
Northumbria bordered Scotland, and it became Tostig’s job to
guard the border from Scottish raiders. Those Scots from the
north could be a menacing enemy. Tostig was friendly with
Malcolm II of Scotland, and did not defend against attacks. In
1061, when Tostig was away Malcolm invaded and caused
much destruction. The people of Northumbria expected
retaliation, their pride as well as their land had been wounded,
but Tostig simply agreed peace terms and let Malcom get away
with it.
Long term
In 1064 an aristocrat, Gospatric, was fed up of how
Tostig had changing many Northumbrian traditions
and disagreed with his ruling. Gospatric planed to
journey to the south to complain about him to King
Edward. However, on his way down he was
assassinated. The Northumbrians believe it was
ordered by Tostig. This was seen as the worst kind of
Short term
treachery.
There were many differences between Northumbria
and the south. Language was different and Tostig did
not like the fact he did not understand anyone. He,
therefore, changed the name of things to be more
southern. For example, the wapentake became the
hundred. The Northumbrians did not like this.
Long term
EXT: Imagine you are King Edward the Confessor – what would you do about the uprising?
Long-term cause
Short-term cause
By October 1065 Tostig had ruled Northumbria for 10
years. Over this decade resentment towards Tostig
had been growing for a number of reasons. Tostig did
not care the Danelaw or how Northumbria was used
to being ruled. Tostig was a southern earl and
therefore imposed many new southern laws that the
Northumbrians did not agree to. He also used his
power of the law to get rid of his rivals.
Long term
There were a lot of ceorls in Northumbria compared
to the South. These peasants who were not bound in
service to their lord, which meant they had more
freedoms. These ceorls were feisty, they could choose
their work and had big mouths about what they
wanted. Tostig was used to submissive peasants and
was not used the ceorls demands.
Long term
Due to the Danelaw Northumbria had a different tax
system to other parts of England. Their taxes were
much lower to that of the south. However, when
Tostig came into power he taxed Northumbria very
heavily. This new tax angered the Northumbrians who
were used to lower rates, particularly knowing that
Long term
the new taxes were mainly used to benefit Tostig.
Northumbria had been part of the Danelaw, the area of land
that had been ruled by the Vikings. Due to this they had many
different customs from the south. Tostig was from the South of
England and did not understand the differences he found in
the North which caused friction. They were used to being ruled
by Northerners and wanted this to continue. Therefore, they
wanted the Northerner, Morcar, the brother of the Earl of
Mercia, to be their earl.
Long term
By October 1064 Tostig’s enemies began to complain.
They did not trust Tostig. They felt he abused his
father’s powers and they became furious when it
came to injustice. They believed that Tostig falsely
accused people of crimes to take their money and
land and this angered many Northumbrians.
Short term
In December 1064 Tostig invited two leading
Northumbrian aristocrats to York. Tostig was jealous
that these aristocrats were more popular than him.
While they were Tostig’s guests, Tostig had them
killed. The Northumbrians were furious.
Short term
 What was the main cause for the Tostig uprising?
You are now going to evaluate the
causes by creating a Triangle 9.

Task: Use a whole page of your book

and stick in the Triangle 9 template.
Then: Write in the MOST important
cause and LEAST important cause first.

Next: add a description for them

below.
Finally: explain your reasoning in these
boxes.
King Edward held a Evidence suggests that: Answer these
conference to decide what questions:
to do. The outcome was • Harold agreed that Tostig had pushed the 1. How did the
surprising. Instead of Northumbrians too far. Tostig was to blame relationship
raising an army to march for the uprising. between
north and defeat the Harold and
rebels, Harold met with • Furious at Harold’s lack of support, Tostig Tostig
them and passed on the accused Harold of conspiring against him, change as a
king’s agreement to their claiming the uprising was a plot to replace result of the
terms. him. uprising?

Harold married Morcar’s • King Edward commanded an army to be 2. To what

sister (2nd wife) and was raised to put down the rebellion but the extent did
given large landholdings in command was ignored. Harold and the other the king still
Mercia. earls made excuses. have
control of
By November 1065 Tostig • Edward had no choice but to accept the England at
was exiled! rebels’ demands. this time?
 Why would Harold act to weaken the House of Godwin?

Do Now: In your own words, summarise three reasons why you think Harold went against
King Edward’s wishes over the risings against Tostig.

Why would Harold act to weaken the House of Godwin?

• His ambitions were now greater. He wanted to be king.

• Edward the Confessor was old and ill (he died 3 months later)

• Harold need a united kingdom to hold off the threats from Normandy and Scandinavia. A
war with Northumbria and Mercia would weaken England.

• Tostig was a rival to the throne. Making an enemy of him was the lesser of the potential
evils.
 What happened after the uprising?

The Bayeux Tapestry shows the

The uprising against death of Edward, and shows him
Tostig began at the Edward the Confessor holding out his hand to Harold. It
start of October died on the 5th January is said he said `I commend this
1066. He had no related woman (Edith) with all the
1065. He was exiled
successor to the throne. kingdom to your protection.
out of the country by Harold took this as meaning to be
November 1st. (no heir)
the next king.
 Question practice
Explain why there was a rising against Earl Tostig in 1065 (12 marks)

You may use the following in your answer:

• The Danelaw ∙taxation
You must also use information of your own.

This is a 12 mark exam question (18 minutes)

 Explain why there was a rising against Earl Tostig in 1065 (12 marks)
‘ Explain why’ questions require
you to identify relevant points Make your POINT – one reason why
that you can link together to there was an uprising against Tostig
was…
construct a convincing
argument. Give some EVIDENCE to support your
point – data, facts, figures etc. Show your
Do not just tell the story of the knowledge here…
rebellion – this is description.
Attempt to link each point you EXPLAIN how this supports your point or
make to the question by add a theory – use the word because. This
would lead to an uprising because……
analysing why there was an When doing
PEE/PEEL
uprising. LINK it all together or back to the paragraphs
question. think about the
This reason also led to ……. following…
• The best way to do this is to This happens!
Because?
use PEEL So what?
 Answer layout
Introduction – There was an uprising against Tostig, the Earl of Northumbria in 1065. There were many reasons for
the uprising including Danelaw, increases in taxation and ….

1st PEEL paragraph –

Point –
Evidence - The Danelaw
Explain –
Link to next PEEL paragraph
2nd PEEL paragraph –
Point – Taxation
Evidence -
Explain –
Link to next PEEL paragraph
3rd PEEL paragraph –
Point – ANOTHER Factor……
Evidence - (Your choice –trigger?)
Explain –
Link back to the question

Brief Conclusion- Most important cause & why?

• Printing
 What were the causes Tostig uprising?
Northumbria bordered Scotland, and it became
Tostig’s job to guard the border from Scottish raiders.
Those Scots from the north could be a menacing
enemy. Tostig was friendly with Malcolm II of
Scotland, and did not defend against attacks. In 1061,
when Tostig was away Malcolm invaded and caused
much destruction. The people of Northumbria
expected retaliation, their pride as well as their land
had been wounded, but Tostig simply agreed peace
terms and let Malcom get away with it.
In 1064 an aristocrat, Gospatric, was fed up of how
Tostig had changing many Northumbrian traditions
and disagreed with his ruling. Gospatric planed to
journey to the south to complain about him to King
Edward. However, on his way down he was
assassinated. The Northumbrians believe it was
ordered by Tostig. This was seen as the worst kind of
treachery.
Long-term cause
 Do Now: sort the causes into
Short-term cause
long and short-term causes.
By October 1065 Tostig had ruled Northumbria Northumbria had been part of the Danelaw, the area
for 10 years. Over this decade resentment of land that had been ruled by the Vikings. Due to this
towards Tostig had been growing for a number they had many different customs from the south.
Tostig was from the South of England and did not
of reasons. Tostig did not care the Danelaw or understand the differences he found in the North
how Northumbria was used to being ruled. which caused friction. They were used to being ruled
Tostig was a southern earl and therefore by Northerners and wanted this to continue.
imposed many new southern laws that the Therefore, they wanted the Northerner, Morcar, the
Northumbrians did not agree to. He also used brother of the Earl of Mercia, to be their earl.
his power of the law to get rid of his rivals.
There were a lot of ceorls in Northumbria By October 1064 Tostig’s enemies began to
compared to the South. These peasants who were complain. They did not trust Tostig. They felt he
not bound in service to their lord, which meant abused his father’s powers and they became
they had more freedoms. These ceorls were feisty, furious when it came to injustice. They believed
they could choose their work and had big mouths that Tostig falsely accused people of crimes to
about what they wanted. Tostig was used to
take their money and land and this angered
submissive peasants and was not used the ceorls many Northumbrians.
demands.

There were many differences between Due to the Danelaw Northumbria had a different tax In December 1064 Tostig invited two leading
Northumbria and the south. Language was system to other parts of England. Their taxes were Northumbrian aristocrats to York. Tostig was
different and Tostig did not like the fact he did not much lower to that of the south. However, when jealous that these aristocrats were more
understand anyone. He, therefore, changed the Tostig came into power he taxed Northumbria very
popular than him. While they were Tostig’s
name of things to be more southern. For example, heavily. This new tax angered the Northumbrians who guests, Tostig had them killed. The
the wapentake became the hundred. The were used to lower rates, particularly knowing that
the new taxes were mainly used to benefit Tostig. Northumbrians were furious.
Northumbrians did not like this.

EXT: Imagine you are King Edward the Confessor – what would you do about the uprising?
 What were the causes Tostig uprising?
Northumbria bordered Scotland, and it became
Tostig’s job to guard the border from Scottish raiders.
Those Scots from the north could be a menacing
enemy. Tostig was friendly with Malcolm II of
Scotland, and did not defend against attacks. In 1061,
when Tostig was away Malcolm invaded and caused
much destruction. The people of Northumbria
expected retaliation, their pride as well as their land
had been wounded, but Tostig simply agreed peace
terms and let Malcom get away with it.
In 1064 an aristocrat, Gospatric, was fed up of how
Tostig had changing many Northumbrian traditions
and disagreed with his ruling. Gospatric planed to
journey to the south to complain about him to King
Edward. However, on his way down he was
assassinated. The Northumbrians believe it was
ordered by Tostig. This was seen as the worst kind of
treachery.
Long-term cause
 Do Now: sort the causes into
Short-term cause
long and short-term causes.
By October 1065 Tostig had ruled Northumbria Northumbria had been part of the Danelaw, the area
for 10 years. Over this decade resentment of land that had been ruled by the Vikings. Due to this
towards Tostig had been growing for a number they had many different customs from the south.
Tostig was from the South of England and did not
of reasons. Tostig did not care the Danelaw or understand the differences he found in the North
how Northumbria was used to being ruled. which caused friction. They were used to being ruled
Tostig was a southern earl and therefore by Northerners and wanted this to continue.
imposed many new southern laws that the Therefore, they wanted the Northerner, Morcar, the
Northumbrians did not agree to. He also used brother of the Earl of Mercia, to be their earl.
his power of the law to get rid of his rivals.
There were a lot of ceorls in Northumbria By October 1064 Tostig’s enemies began to
compared to the South. These peasants who were complain. They did not trust Tostig. They felt he
not bound in service to their lord, which meant abused his father’s powers and they became
they had more freedoms. These ceorls were feisty, furious when it came to injustice. They believed
they could choose their work and had big mouths that Tostig falsely accused people of crimes to
about what they wanted. Tostig was used to
take their money and land and this angered
submissive peasants and was not used the ceorls many Northumbrians.
demands.

There were many differences between Due to the Danelaw Northumbria had a different tax In December 1064 Tostig invited two leading
Northumbria and the south. Language was system to other parts of England. Their taxes were Northumbrian aristocrats to York. Tostig was
different and Tostig did not like the fact he did not much lower to that of the south. However, when jealous that these aristocrats were more
understand anyone. He, therefore, changed the Tostig came into power he taxed Northumbria very
popular than him. While they were Tostig’s
name of things to be more southern. For example, heavily. This new tax angered the Northumbrians who guests, Tostig had them killed. The
the wapentake became the hundred. The were used to lower rates, particularly knowing that
the new taxes were mainly used to benefit Tostig. Northumbrians were furious.
Northumbrians did not like this.

EXT: Imagine you are King Edward the Confessor – what would you do about the uprising?
 What were the causes Tostig uprising?
Northumbria bordered Scotland, and it became
Tostig’s job to guard the border from Scottish raiders.
Those Scots from the north could be a menacing
enemy. Tostig was friendly with Malcolm II of
Scotland, and did not defend against attacks. In 1061,
when Tostig was away Malcolm invaded and caused
much destruction. The people of Northumbria
expected retaliation, their pride as well as their land
had been wounded, but Tostig simply agreed peace
terms and let Malcom get away with it.
In 1064 an aristocrat, Gospatric, was fed up of how
Tostig had changing many Northumbrian traditions
and disagreed with his ruling. Gospatric planed to
journey to the south to complain about him to King
Edward. However, on his way down he was
assassinated. The Northumbrians believe it was
ordered by Tostig. This was seen as the worst kind of
treachery.
Long-term cause
 Do Now: sort the causes into
Short-term cause
long and short-term causes.
By October 1065 Tostig had ruled Northumbria Northumbria had been part of the Danelaw, the area
for 10 years. Over this decade resentment of land that had been ruled by the Vikings. Due to this
towards Tostig had been growing for a number they had many different customs from the south.
Tostig was from the South of England and did not
of reasons. Tostig did not care the Danelaw or understand the differences he found in the North
how Northumbria was used to being ruled. which caused friction. They were used to being ruled
Tostig was a southern earl and therefore by Northerners and wanted this to continue.
imposed many new southern laws that the Therefore, they wanted the Northerner, Morcar, the
Northumbrians did not agree to. He also used brother of the Earl of Mercia, to be their earl.
his power of the law to get rid of his rivals.
There were a lot of ceorls in Northumbria By October 1064 Tostig’s enemies began to
compared to the South. These peasants who were complain. They did not trust Tostig. They felt he
not bound in service to their lord, which meant abused his father’s powers and they became
they had more freedoms. These ceorls were feisty, furious when it came to injustice. They believed
they could choose their work and had big mouths that Tostig falsely accused people of crimes to
about what they wanted. Tostig was used to
take their money and land and this angered
submissive peasants and was not used the ceorls many Northumbrians.
demands.

There were many differences between Due to the Danelaw Northumbria had a different tax In December 1064 Tostig invited two leading
Northumbria and the south. Language was system to other parts of England. Their taxes were Northumbrian aristocrats to York. Tostig was
different and Tostig did not like the fact he did not much lower to that of the south. However, when jealous that these aristocrats were more
understand anyone. He, therefore, changed the Tostig came into power he taxed Northumbria very
popular than him. While they were Tostig’s
name of things to be more southern. For example, heavily. This new tax angered the Northumbrians who guests, Tostig had them killed. The
the wapentake became the hundred. The were used to lower rates, particularly knowing that
the new taxes were mainly used to benefit Tostig. Northumbrians were furious.
Northumbrians did not like this.

EXT: Imagine you are King Edward the Confessor – what would you do about the uprising?
 What were the causes Tostig uprising?
Northumbria bordered Scotland, and it became
Tostig’s job to guard the border from Scottish raiders.
Those Scots from the north could be a menacing
enemy. Tostig was friendly with Malcolm II of
Scotland, and did not defend against attacks. In 1061,
when Tostig was away Malcolm invaded and caused
much destruction. The people of Northumbria
expected retaliation, their pride as well as their land
had been wounded, but Tostig simply agreed peace
terms and let Malcom get away with it.
In 1064 an aristocrat, Gospatric, was fed up of how
Tostig had changing many Northumbrian traditions
and disagreed with his ruling. Gospatric planed to
journey to the south to complain about him to King
Edward. However, on his way down he was
assassinated. The Northumbrians believe it was
ordered by Tostig. This was seen as the worst kind of
treachery.
Long-term cause
 Do Now: sort the causes into
Short-term cause
long and short-term causes.
By October 1065 Tostig had ruled Northumbria Northumbria had been part of the Danelaw, the area
for 10 years. Over this decade resentment of land that had been ruled by the Vikings. Due to this
towards Tostig had been growing for a number they had many different customs from the south.
Tostig was from the South of England and did not
of reasons. Tostig did not care the Danelaw or understand the differences he found in the North
how Northumbria was used to being ruled. which caused friction. They were used to being ruled
Tostig was a southern earl and therefore by Northerners and wanted this to continue.
imposed many new southern laws that the Therefore, they wanted the Northerner, Morcar, the
Northumbrians did not agree to. He also used brother of the Earl of Mercia, to be their earl.
his power of the law to get rid of his rivals.
There were a lot of ceorls in Northumbria By October 1064 Tostig’s enemies began to
compared to the South. These peasants who were complain. They did not trust Tostig. They felt he
not bound in service to their lord, which meant abused his father’s powers and they became
they had more freedoms. These ceorls were feisty, furious when it came to injustice. They believed
they could choose their work and had big mouths that Tostig falsely accused people of crimes to
about what they wanted. Tostig was used to
take their money and land and this angered
submissive peasants and was not used the ceorls many Northumbrians.
demands.

There were many differences between Due to the Danelaw Northumbria had a different tax In December 1064 Tostig invited two leading
Northumbria and the south. Language was system to other parts of England. Their taxes were Northumbrian aristocrats to York. Tostig was
different and Tostig did not like the fact he did not much lower to that of the south. However, when jealous that these aristocrats were more
understand anyone. He, therefore, changed the Tostig came into power he taxed Northumbria very
popular than him. While they were Tostig’s
name of things to be more southern. For example, heavily. This new tax angered the Northumbrians who guests, Tostig had them killed. The
the wapentake became the hundred. The were used to lower rates, particularly knowing that
the new taxes were mainly used to benefit Tostig. Northumbrians were furious.
Northumbrians did not like this.

EXT: Imagine you are King Edward the Confessor – what would you do about the uprising?
What was the main cause for the Tostig uprising?

These two causes are less important than the one above because….

Title here:
Description here:

These two causes are more important than the one below
because….