North and South

America Police System

MIDTERMS | TOPIC 2
The American Police System
Policing system in America followed the
model developed in England, New York,
Boston and Philadelphia organized their
night watchmen, which was similar to
the bellmen created in London during
the reign of King Charles II. These night
watchmen were known as
RATTLEWATCH because they carried
rattle while on duty to inform the public
of their watchful presence.
The American Police System
In 1638, night-watch was initiated in Boston, Massachusetts.
In 1658, rattle-watch was organized in New York.
Night watch started in Philadelphia in 1700.
In 1722, New Haven had a police regulation that “No watchman
will have the liberty to sleep.”
In 1800, it became a government policy that able-bodied males
over 16 years old were required to serve without pay.
New York City police began to adopt a full police uniform in
1856.
The American Police System

 1833 was the advent of daytime

police with pay.
 Texas Rangers were organized in
1835.
 In 1865, Massachusetts organized
a force of state constables.
 The Pennsylvania State Police
came into existence in 1905.
 The federal government of the United
States is the centralized United States
governmental body established by the
United States Constitution.

Policing
The policies of the federal
System of government have a broad impact
America on both the domestic and foreign
affairs of the United States.

In addition, the powers of the federal

government as a whole is limited by the
Constitution, which leaves a great deal
of authority to the individual states.
TYPES OF US POLICE
1. Municipal Police = includes village,
township, city and country police
departments, sheriff departments.
a. County Sheriff = in charged with the operation
of county jail, civil function such as service of
eviction notices and other court orders and
police responsibility.
b. City Police = most common local police
organization. It has jurisdiction in matters that
occur in an incorporated municipality.
2. State Police = includes special
investigative agencies that
concentrate on statewide law
enforcement

3. Federal Police = agencies

operated by federal government
at the national level
Some Federal Agencies Having Police Functions for the
Protection of Life, Property and Enforcement of Penal
Statutes:
1. Federal Bureau of Investigation (Department of Justice) =
investigates all violations of federal law except when the
enforcement authority was given to other specific federal
agency
2. United States Secret Service (Department of Treasury) =
concerned with investigation of counterfeiting, forging or
altering of any of the money or other securities of the U.S.
It is also in charged of the protection of the president and
his family, and of the executive mansion grounds
Some Federal Agencies Having Police Functions on the
Protection of National Revenue:
1. Intelligence Unit of the Bureau of Internal Revenue =
investigation of violations of income tax laws
2. Alcohol Tax Unit of the Bureau of Internal Revenue =
violations of internal revenue laws
3. Division of Investigation and Patrol, Bureau of Customs =
investigates smuggling activities and enforces customs
and navigation laws.
4. Private Police = additional police protection made by
employing sworn officers through contract when they are
not officially on duty
U.S. Police Agencies
◦ New York City = it is where the first full time police force was
organized in the United States
◦ New York Police Department = the largest police force in the
United States
◦ Texas Ranger = police force originally created in response to
colonization
◦ Boston Police Department = first local modern police
department established in the United States
◦ Pennsylvania State Police = the first state police agency
established
◦ Los Angeles Police Department = police force that hired the
first female police officer named, Alice Stebbins Wells
The Largest Police Departments by Number of
Sworn Officers
New York City Police Department (NYPD)
The New York City Police Department (NYPD) was formed
in 1845 and has evolved into one of the most well-known
law enforcement agencies in the world. It is the largest
police department in the US.

Chicago Police Department (CPD)

Formed in 1837, the Chicago Police Department is one of
the oldest local law enforcement agencies in the United
States.
Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD)
With 9,727 sworn officers and nearly 3,000
administrative and executive staff, the City of Los
Angeles Police Department (LAPD) is the third-largest
local law enforcement agency in the US. The LAPD has
also featured in a number of motion pictures and
television programs, adding to its popularity.

Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department

The Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department is the
largest sheriff's department in the US, and the fourth-
largest law enforcement agency.
 California Highway Patrol (CHP)
The California Highway Patrol (CPD) is the
fifth largest police department and the
largest state law enforcement agency in
the country

Philadelphia Police Department (PPD)

Formed in 1828, the Philadelphia Police
Department (PPD) is the oldest municipal
police department in the United States.
The Cook County Sheriff's Office
is the principal law enforcement agency that
serves Cook County, Illinois. It is the second
largest sheriff's department in the United States.
The Cook County Sheriff's Police Department,
the Court Services Department, and the
Department of Corrections. The Sheriff oversees
all three departments.

Houston Police Department (HPD)

is the primary law enforcement agency serving
the City of Houston, Texas, United States. It is the
fifth-largest municipal police department, serving
the fourth-largest city in the United States.
New York State Police (NYSP)
is the official state police force of the U.S.
state of New York and employs over 5,000
sworn state troopers. It is part of the New
York State Executive Department.

Pennsylvania State Police (PSP)

is the state police agency of Pennsylvania,
responsible for statewide law enforcement.
The Pennsylvania State Police is a full-service
law enforcement agency which handles both
traffic and criminal law enforcement.
Rank Police Agency Number of Officers
1 New York Police Department 36,023
2 Chicago Police Department 13,352
3 Los Angeles Police Department 9,727
4 Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department 9,461
5 California Highway Patrol 7,202
6 Philadelphia Police Department 6,624
7 Cook County Sheriff's Office 5,655
8 Houston Police Department 5,053
9 New York State Police 4,487
10 Pennsylvania State Police 4,458
 CANADA
• Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) = colloquially
known as Mounties and internally as “The Force” = is the
national police force of Canada and one of the most
recognized of its kind in the word being a national,
federal, provincial and municipal policing body. It is
founded in 1920 by the Merger of Royal Northwest
Mounted Police(1873) with the Dominion Police (1868).
Headed by the Commission under
the direction of the Minister of Public
Safety Canada.

Commissioner = highest rank in the

Royal Canadian Mounted Police

Police Constable 4th Class = lowest

rank
Provinces of Canada
Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP)
RCMP is unique in the world because it is a national, federal, provincial and municipal policing
organization:
RCMP is the federal police for all of Canada.
RCMP serves as the police for the three Canadian territories
RCMP serves in all ten Canadian provinces, although its role is limited in Ontario and Quebec as
these provinces have their own provincial police forces.
RCMP provides police services for more than 190 municipalities
RCMP is the police for 184 native communities -- the First Nations, Inuit and Métis.
RCMP ensures security at three international airports.
Ranks
Policing System
Canada’s earliest legal traditions can be traced to
both France and England. Quebec city followed the early models of
French cities and created a watchman system in 1651. Upper Canada,
later renamed Ontario, adopted English traditions and established
both a constabulary and a watch-and-ward system.
The Canadian mounted police represented a significant departure
from Anglo-Saxon policing traditions. Similar in organization, style, and
method to the models of France and Ireland, they operated more like
a military organization than a traditional police force. Strong
leadership ensured that they operated with restraint and within
Canadian political traditions.
Divisions
The Force is divided into 15 Divisions, plus Headquarters in
Ottawa. Each division is managed by a Commanding Officer and is
alphabetically designated.
Divisions roughly approximate provincial boundaries with their
headquarters located in respective provincial or territorial capitals
(except National Division, Ottawa; C, Montreal; O, London; and E,
Vancouver).
Air and Marine Services supply support to the divisions. RCMP
Depot Division (Training Academy) is located in Regina,
Saskatchewan, and the Canadian Police College is located in
Ottawa, Ontario.
 TO APPLY AS A POLICE BE A CANADIAN CITIZEN OR BE AT LEAST 19 YEARS OF BE PROFICIENT IN ENGLISH
OFFICER OF THE RCMP YOU HAVE PERMANENT AGE AT THE TIME OF AND/OR FRENCH
MUST: RESIDENT STATUS IN ENGAGEMENT

Application CANADA. INDIVIDUALS

WITH PERMANENT
RESIDENT STATUS MUST

Requirement
HAVE RESIDED IN CANADA
FOR THE
LAST 10 CONSECUTIVE

s
YEARS.

POSSESS A VALID, POSSESS A CANADIAN MEET THE HEALTH AND

UNRESTRICTED DRIVER'S SECONDARY SCHOOL (HIGH PSYCHOLOGICAL
LICENCE SCHOOL) DIPLOMA OR STANDARDS
EQUIVALENT
Cadet Training
When you are accepted as a Cadet with the RCMP, you will be
assigned to a troop of 32 Cadets. You will then begin an extensive 26-
week training program at Depot, the RCMP Training Academy in
Regina, Saskatchewan.
 Once you successfully complete the Cadet Training Program (CTP),
you will be offered employment with the RCMP and given peace
officer status.
Cadet training is offered in English and in a bilingual format (English
and French). A typical day lasts from 6 a.m. until 4:30 p.m., and there
are also program-related duties after hours.
Program Training Standard
Once employed, they must then complete a six-month Field Coaching Program
at selected training detachments where they are involved in everyday police
duties under the supervision of a Field Coach.
The Cadet Training Program consists of 820 hours broken down as follows:
 Applied Police Sciences: 432 hours
 Firearms: 104 hours
 Police Defensive Tactics / Immediate Action Rapid Deployment: 94 hours
 Police Driving: 67 hours
 Operational Conditioning: 45 hours
 Drill and Deportment: 37 hours
 Other: 41 hours
Brazil
Six Law Enforcement Institutions:
◦ Federal Police
◦ Federal Highway Police
◦ Federal Railway Police
◦ State Military Police
◦ Fire Brigade, and
◦ State Civil Police
The Federal, Highway and Railway Police
are the three national police forces of
the country.
Federal Police
Departamento de Polícia
Federal
The Federal Police force is
permanent, and its role is to
investigate any crimes against
the federal government,
combat drug trafficking,
prevent terrorism and
enforce immigration laws by
controlling the border.
Federal
Highway Police
Polícia Rodoviária
Federal or PRF
This police force patrols
the highways at a federal
level. It takes action
immediately, but it does
not participate in any
type of investigation.
Federal
Railway Police
Polícia Ferroviária
Federal
Much like the highway
police, the railway
police are supposed to
maintain order on the
rail system without
investigating crime.