CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS

PART I: REVIEW OF BASIC

CHEMISTRY
Chemical Equations
 Represent chemical reactions
Evidences of Chemical Reactions
 When a chemical change occurs, the composition
of substances is altered to form a new substance

 Evidences
 Evolution of gas
 Production of an insoluble substance called precipitate
 Permanent change in color
 Change of heat energy
Writing and Balancing Equations
 Step 1: Identify the reaction
 Step 2: Write the unbalanced (skeleton) equation
 Step 3: Balance the equation
Writing and Balancing Equations
 Example: Aqueous calcium hydroxide reacts with
aqueous phosphoric acid to form a solid calcium
phosphate and liquid water
Writing and Balancing Equations
 Check if balanced!
Writing and Balancing Equations
 Fill in the blanks with the most appropriate term.
 A 1. ___________ ____________ tells the story of a chemical reaction.
2.___________ are the starting substances in the reaction while 3.________
 are the new substances that are formed . The large numbers in front of some of the
formulas are called 4. __________. These numbers are used to 5____________
 the equation because chemical reactions follow the Law of Conservation of Matter.
The number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation must be 6____
 Because matter cannot be 7._________ nor 8. __________, when balancing
equations, the only numbers that can be changed are 9. _____________ .
Remember that 10. ___________ must never be changed in order to balance the
equations.
Writing and Balancing Equations
Balance the following chemical equations.

1. OH (l) + (g) (g) + (g)

2. (g) + (g) NO (g) + (g)

3. (l) + (g) (g) + (g)

4. (g) (g) + (g)

5. Fe (s) + (g) + FeO (s)

Writing and Balancing Equations
 Answers :
 1. OH (l) + 3 (g) 2 (g) + 3 (g)
 2. 4(g) + 5(g) 4NO (g) + 6(g)
 3. 2 (l) + 15 (g) 12 (g) + 6(g)
 4. (g) (g) + 11(g)
 5. 3Fe (s) + 2(g) + FeO (s)