BASIC

CONCEPT OF
ETHICS
Presented By Group 2
 GROUP 2
MEMBERS:
Castor, Joshua
Cena, Kyla
Claur, Joenyfer
Consemino, Angel Rose
Dayon, Angel Shane
Dela Cruz, Bea Joy
De Nicolas, Sofia Jen
Instructor Name: Dr. Rhod G. Torbela
 NORMS OF SOCIETY
Social norms are shared standards of acceptable
behavior by groups. Social norms can both be
informal understandings that govern the behavior
of members of a society, as well as be codified into
rules and laws. Social normative influences or
social norms, are deemed to be powerful drivers of
human behavioral changes and well organized and
incorporated by major theories which explain
human behavior
 CONSCIENCE
The concept of “conscience", as commonly
used in its moral sense, is the inherent ability
of every healthy human being to perceive
what is right and what is wrong and, on the
strength of this perception, to control,
monitor, evaluate and execute their actions
 DIFFERENT KINDS OF
DOUBTFUL CONSCIENCE
CONSCIENCE
• RIGHT CONSCIENCE
judge what is really
what is really evil.
good as good and evil suspends judgment on the lawfulness of
action and therefore the action should be
an
omitted.
• ERRONEOUS CONSCIENCE
judges what is bad as good and vice versa • SCRUPULOUS CONSCIENCE
constantly afraid of committing evil. This
• PHARISAICAL conscience is a result of stubborn character.
this means that a person is "hypocrite"— • LAX CONSCIENCE
saying good things but doing the opposite. Knows excuses. Conscience that tends to
follow the easy way and to find excuses for
• CERTAIN CONSCIENCE mistakes.
subjective assurance of the lawfulness or
unlawfulness of certain actions to be done • GUILTY CONSCIENCE
or to be admitted. disturbed conscience trying to restore good
relations with God by means of sorrow and
repentance.
 MAKING CONSCIENCE BASED
ON DECISION
Conscience is shaped through a combination of
innate moral instincts, socialization, And personal
experiences. Because of decisions, we gain
experiences either positive or negative and it helps
us to build a better conscience which leads to a
better decision making. :
 PROCESS:
Decision Making: Through decisions, either positive or negative
01 leads to actions which will might result to a positive or negative
decisions that will give us moral lessons.lying moral framework. For
example, choosing to speak up against injustice or opting to remain
silent in the face of wrongdoing both contribute to the formation of
our conscience.

Reflection: After making a decision, individuals often reflect

02 on it’s moral implications. Through this, we can think about
the decision we made and we can learn on how to make
better decisions, either to improve it if it’s positive and to
correct it if it’s negative.

Personal experiences: Our decisions lead to experiences that further

03
shape our conscience. Positive outcomes reinforce behaviors that
align our moral compass while negative outcomes prompt reflection
and learning on values can lead to a deeper understanding of moral
principles and a commitment to making better choices in the future.
 PROCESS:
Adapting and evolving : As individuals encounter new situations
and challenges, their conscience evolves. They may refine their
04 values, reconsider previously held beliefs, and adapt their decision-
making processes accordingly. This ongoing growth ensures that
conscience remains dynamic and responsive to changing
circumstances.

External influences : External factors such as cultural norms, societal

05 expectations, and peer pressure also influence the formation of
conscience. Individuals may weigh these influences against their
personal values when making decisions, further shaping their moral
development.
 CONSCIENCE BASED
MORAL DECISION.
• Conscience is a person’s “highest authority” that evaluates
information to determine the quality of an action. It has two
parts: a commitment to morality and the activity of judging
whether an act violates that commitment.
• Conscience helps people become aware of their moral
principles, motivates them to act on them, and assesses their
character and behavior against those principles. It also helps
people determine what is good and what is e
 WHAT IS MORAL
DECISION?
•A moral decision is a choice made based on a person’s
ethics, manners, character, and what they believe is
proper behavior. These decisions tend to affect not only
our own well-being, but the well-being of others.
People base moral decisions on a variety of references
including religious beliefs, personal values, and logical
reasoning. From this reasoning come two different
types of morality: absolute morality and relative
morality
 WHAT IS CONSCIENCE BASED
MORAL DECISIONS?
• Conscience-based moral decisions are decisions that are made
based on one’s inner sense of what is right and wrong. Your
conscience is your internal compass, guiding you towards actions that
align with your personal values and beliefs.
• When faced with a decision, individuals often evaluate the
possible actions they can take. Conscience-based moral decisions
involve listening to your inner voice or intuition to determine the right
course of action. This inner voice, your conscience, is shaped by a
variety of factors, including your upbringing, culture, religion,
personal experiences, and societal norms.
 EXAMPLES:
1. Truthfulness:
Scenario: You accidentally damage a friend's valuable
possession while borrowing it. Your conscience tells you to
confess and offer to compensate for the damage, even though
you could potentially hide the truth and avoid responsibility.
These scenarios illustrate how individuals might make moral
decisions based on their inner sense of right and wrong, even
when faced with challenging circumstances or temptations.
 EXAMPLES:
Conscience plays a crucial role in moral decision-making,
encompassing ethical awareness and ethical decision-making.
Here are some examples: The Catholic Church views
conscience as a witness to the moral law authored by God,
emphasizing the need for a well-formed and well-informed
conscience that is freely submitted to the law of God
Achieving the highest level of conscience-based moral
decisions involves self-reflection, empathy, ethical reasoning,
and a commitment to ethical principles
.
 REFERENCES:
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/
10.1179/002436309803889232
https://www.hli.org/resources/what-is-the-role-of-conscience-in-
moral-decision-making/
https://forumias.com/blog/answeredwhat-do-you-understand-by-
the-term-moral-conscience-
https://www.scribd.com/doc/81245067/Kinds-of-Conscience

https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/university-of-southeastern-
philippines/general-psychology/different-kinds-of-conscience/24293666
THANK YOU