Lecture Apa Style

IN-TEXT CITATIONS
APA STYLE – 7 th
Edition
Source: Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed)

Citing Sources: In-Text Citation & Reference List - APA 7th ed. - Research Guides at University of Alabama - Birmingham (uab.edu)
Types of Citations
NARRATIVE CITATIONS PARENTHETICAL CITATIONS
Becker (2013) defined Gamification involves giving the
gamification as giving the mechanics or principles of a game
mechanics of principles of a to another activity (Becker, 2013).
game to other activities.
Types of citations
Cho and Castañeda (2019) Increasingly, game-like activities

noted that game-like activities are frequently used in language
NARRATIVE
are frequently used in CITATIONS
language classes that adopt mobile and
classes that adopt mobile and computer technologies (Cho &
computer technologies. Castañeda, 2019).
In-Text Citations - APA (7th Edition) Referencing Guide - Library Guides at James Cook University (jcu.edu.au)
With page/s
Becker (2013, p. 25) defined Gamification involves giving the
mechanics of principles of a to another activity (Becker, 2013, p.
game to other activities. 25).
Types of citations
Cho and Castañeda (2019, p. Increasingly, game-like activities

34) noted that game-like are frequently used in language
activitiesNARRATIVE
are frequentlyCITATIONS
used in classes that adopt mobile and
language classes that adopt computer technologies (Cho &
mobile and computer Castañeda, 2019, p. 34).
technologies.
With page/s
Becker (2013) defined Gamification involves giving the
mechanics of principles of a to another activity (Becker, 2013, p.
game to other activities (p. 25). 25).
Types of citations
Cho and Castañeda (2019) Increasingly, game-like activities

noted that game-like activities are frequently used in language
NARRATIVE
are frequently used in CITATIONS
language classes that adopt mobile and
classes that adopt mobile and computer technologies (Cho &
computer technologies (p. 34). Castañeda, 2019, p. 34).
3 or more authors – et al. (and others)
Becker et al. (2013) defined Gamification involves giving the
gamification as giving
Types of citations
the mechanics or principles of a game
mechanics of principles of a to another activity (Becker et al.,
game to other activities (p. 25). 2013, p. 25).
Long quotations – more than 40 words
•Start the quotation on a new line and indent the entire quotation a half inch from the left margin.
•Do not use quotation marks.
•Indicate new paragraphs within the quotation by an additional indent.
•Follow the final sentence with a parenthetical citation.
Types of citations
USING APA STYLE IN
REFERENCING
Source: Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed)

References
Source: Concise Guide to APA Style & Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed)
References
References
Things to Remember
The reference list contains all

the works you cited in the
text of your paper.
Things to Remember
If you read a work while doing

your literature search but did
not end up citing it in the text
of your paper, do not include it
in the reference list.
Things to Remember
Use the section label

“References” (not “Works
Cited” or “Bibliography”).
Things to Remember
Center the label at the top of the

page and write “Reference” in
bold.
Things to Remember
It is acceptable to use “Reference”

as the label when you cited only
one source in your paper.
Things to Remember
Double-space the reference list,

both within and between
references. Do not add extra lines
between references.
Things to Remember
Order references alphabetically,

usually by the first letter of the first
author’s last name.
Things to Remember
Include the authors’ first and

middle initials (if they have them).
Do not write out first or middle
names.
Things to Remember
Apply a hanging indent for all
references using the paragraph-
formatting function of your
wordprocessing program: The first line
is flush left, and all subsequent lines
are indented 0.5 in.
Things to Remember
Apply a hanging indent for all
references using the paragraph-
formatting function of your
wordprocessing program: The first line
is flush left, and all subsequent lines
are indented 0.5 in.
APA 7th Edition
The most notable changes
References and
in-text citations
7 notable changes
1. Publisher location not included
✗ Covey, S. R. (2013). The 7 habits of highly effective people:

Powerful lessons in personal change. New York, NY: Simon &
Schuster.
✓ Covey, S. R. (2013). The 7 habits of highly effective people:
Powerful lessons in personal change. Simon & Schuster.
2. In-text citations are shortened
✗(Taylor, Kotler, Johnson, & Parker, 2018)

✓(Taylor et al., 2018)
3. Up to 20 authors in the reference list
4. DOIs are formatted as URLs – (Digital Object Identifier)
✗doi: 10.1080/02626667.2018.1560449
✓https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2018.1560449
5. Citing web pages
✗ Walker, A. (2019, November 14). Germany avoids recession but growth

remains weak. Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/news/business-
50419127
✓ Walker, A. (2019, November 14). Germany avoids recession but growth
remains weak. BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/business-50419127
6. Citing e-books
✗ Brück, M. (2009). Women in early British and Irish astronomy: Stars

and satellites [Kindle version]. doi: 10.1007/978-90-481-2473-2
✓ Brück, M. (2009). Women in early British and Irish astronomy: Stars
and satellites. Springer Nature. https:/doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-
2473-2
7. Contributors other than authors
Inclusive and
bias-free language
Updated guidelines
Use singular “they”
✗ A researcher’s career depends on how often he is cited.

✓ A researcher’s career depends on how often they are cited.
✗ Each examiner submitted his or her assessment.

✓ Each examiner submitted their assessment.
Be sensitive to labels
✗ The poor
✓ People living in poverty
✗ Transsexuals
✓ Transgender people
Appropriate level of specificity
✗ Over-65s
✓ People aged 65 to 75
✗ Asian participants
✓ Vietnamese, Cambodian, and Thai participants
Paper format
Student-specific guidelines
More fonts to choose from
✓ Times New Roman (12 pt)
✓ Arial (11pt)
✓ Georgia (11pt)
✓ Calibri (11pt)
✓ Lucida Sans Unicode (10pt)
No more running head
Thank you for listening!

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IN-TEXT CITATIONS

Source: Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed)

Cho and Castañeda (2019) Increasingly, game-like activities

Cho and Castañeda (2019, p. Increasingly, game-like activities

Cho and Castañeda (2019) Increasingly, game-like activities

Source: Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed)

The reference list contains all

If you read a work while doing

Use the section label

Center the label at the top of the

It is acceptable to use “Reference”

Double-space the reference list,

Order references alphabetically,

Include the authors’ first and

✗ Covey, S. R. (2013). The 7 habits of highly effective people:

✗(Taylor, Kotler, Johnson, & Parker, 2018)

✗ Walker, A. (2019, November 14). Germany avoids recession but growth

✗ Brück, M. (2009). Women in early British and Irish astronomy: Stars

✗ A researcher’s career depends on how often he is cited.

✗ Each examiner submitted his or her assessment.

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