Before we start let’s have an activity!

1 pic and a words

F A M I L Y
M A R R I A G E
 CULTURAL, SOCIAL AND
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS
1. KINSHIP, MARRIAGE, AND THE HOUSEHOLD
 KINSHIP BY BLOOD

• Philippine kinship uses the generational system in

kinship terminology to define family.
• One's genetic relationship or bloodline is often
overridden by the desire to show proper respect that
is due in the Philippine culture to age and the nature
of the relationship, which are considered more
important.
 WHAT IS KINSHIP
• Kinship is the word used to describe culturally recognized ties
between members of a family.
• Kinship includes the terms, or social statuses, used to define
family members and the roles or expected behaviors family
associated with these statuses.
• Kinship encompasses relationships formed through blood
connections (consanguineal), such as those created between
parents and children, as well as relationships created through
marriage ties (affinal), such as in-laws
•Refers to the web of social
relationship that form an
essential part of the lives of
most humans in most
societies.
As a student how can you define
kinship based on what we have
discussed?
MARRIAGE
• An important institutional element of the
family.
• Is an institution consisting of cluster of mores ,
folkways, of attitudes, ideas, and ideals of
social definitions and legal restrictions.
• Kinship means relationships based on blood or
marriage. Every society defines the nature of kinship
interaction by determining which kin are more socially
important than others, terms to classify kin types, and
expected forms of behavior between them.

• 1. Fictive kinship – people who are not related by

blood or marriage

• 2. Consanguineal kin – kinship based on bloodline

• 3. Affinal kin – kinship based on marriage

 According to Bowman(1970:72)
• “people marry for combined reasons: love, economic and
emotional security, the parent’s desires escapes solitude
or forlorn home situation, money, companionship,
protection, adventure, or common interests.”
• “sex or sexual attraction is the least consideration, but
marriage makes sexual intercourse legitimate. It
sanctions parenthood and provides a stable background
rearing of children.”
August 3, 1988

• Family code of the Philippines took effect. It defines

marriage as a special contract of permanent union between a
man a woman.
• The Family Code speaks of two aspects of marriage: as a
contract and as a status.
As a contract, it applies a man and a woman only, Once
the contract of marriage is legal, the status of being
married is created between parties.
Any couple who want to get married legally should
possess the following requirements:

• Must be a male and a female

• Consent freely given in the presence of the
solemnizing officer.
• Minimum age is ranging from 18 years but
parental consent is necessary for those below 21
years.
Forms of marriage
Monogamy
is a form of marriage in which
one man marries one woman. It
is the most common and
acceptable form of marriage.
Serial monogamy happens
when an individual is allowed to
marry again after the death of
the first spouse or after divorce
but they cannot have more than
one spouse at one and the
same time.
Polygamy
Polygamy is the marriage of a
man to several women. Polygyny
is a form of marriage in which one
man marries more than one
woman at a given time. Polyandry
is the marriage of one woman
with more than one man. It is less
common than polygyny.
GROUP MARRIAGE
is a type of marriage of two
or more women with two or
more men. Here the
husbands are common
husbands and wives are
common wives. Children are
regarded as the children of
the entire group as a whole.
• Polygyny – Is the marriage of a man to two or more women at
the same time.
• Polyandry – Is the marriage of woman to two or more men at
the same time
Selection of Marriage Partners
• There are 2 types of norms
regarding the selection of marriage
partners: Endogamy and Exogamy
Endogamy

• Refers to the norm which dictates that one should

marry within one’s clan or ethnic group.
• Parents may also arrange to have their children
marry within the religious group, locality, or social
class.
Exogamy
• Prescribes that
one can marry
outside one’s
clan or ethnic
group.
 VARIATION IN FAMILY PATTERNS

• A. BASED ON INTERNAL ORGANIZATION

Conjugal/ Nuclear Family Extended Family

B. BASED ON ORIGIN

1. The Family of 2. The Family of

Orientation: It is a Pro-creation: It is
group in which we the family we
are born and
reared. It is the establish when we
family where marry and have
everyone grows up children of our
from.
own.
C. BASED ON DESCENT
1. Patrilineal family is a
group whose members
trace their relationships
and affiliations with
relatives on the father
side.
2. Matrilineal
family refers to a
family whose
members trace
their
relationships
and affiliations
with relatives on
the mother side.
D. BASED ON WHO WIELDS POWER

Patriarchal Matriarchal Egalitarian

E. Based on Residence
• 1. Patrilocal is a family where in the newly-married couple lives with or
near the home of the groom’s parents.
• 2. Matrilocal is a family where in the newly-married couple resides with or
near the home of the bride’s parents.
• 3. Bilocal is a family where in the newly-weds choose to stay with either
the groom or the bride’s parents.
• 4. Neolocal is a family where in the couple resides independently from
either groom or bride’s parent.
• 5. Avunculocal is a family where in the couple is prescribed to reside with
or near the domicile of the maternal uncle of the groom.
 Wrap it up!

• How can you say that kinship is one of the vital

part in our community?
• Do you think marriage helps couple to lessen
the risk of leaving each other?
• How can you connect Family and Marriage to
each other?
 Direction: Give the correct answers in every given questions.

1. Define kinship
2. What is Marriage?
3. What is Affinal?
4. What are the combined reasons on why people marrying according to
bowman?
5. Differentiate Exogamy and Endogamy.
• Make a reflection paper on how important is
your family in your life. Maximum of 300
words. Put it on 1 whole yellow paper. Observe
proper indention, spacing and capitalizations.
 LESSON 2: POLITICAL &
LEADERSHIP STRUCTURES
 POLITICAL SCIENCE
• Political Science is the systematic study of
the state and government. The word
“political” is derived from the Greek word
polis, meaning a city, or what today would
be the equivalent of a sovereign state. The
word “science” comes from the Latin word
scire, “to know.”
• Political science is a social science
discipline concerned with the study of the
state, nation, government, and politics and
policies of government. Aristotle defined it
as the study of the state. It deals
extensively with the theory and practice of
politics, and the analysis of political
systems, political behavior, and political
culture.
POLITICAL ORGANIZATION
• A political organization is any entity that is involved in
the political process. Political organization includes
political institution, political parties, and political groups,
e.g. advocacy groups, interest groups, etc.
• Political Organization is the existence of groups for the
purposes of controlling people’s behavior and
maintaining social order or the distribution of power
within a group.
FOUR MAIN TYPES OF POLITICAL
ORGANIZATION:
• 1. Band is a basic social unit found in many foraging societies. It is
characterized by being kinship-based and having no permanent
political structure. It has flexible membership. Most bands number
between 20 and 50 people.
2. Tribes comprise several bands or lineage groups. They share a similar
language and lifestyle. They occupy a distinct territory. They are often
connected through clan structure, where people claim descent from a common
ancestor.
3. Chiefdom is a political unit headed by a chief, who holds power over more
than one community group. With more than one community involved,
chiefdoms are usually more densely populated. Also, as the name chief
implies, chiefdoms are not egalitarian but instead have social rank, with the
chief and his family holding power.
4. A State is a community of persons more or less numerous, permanently
occupying a definite portion of territory, having a government of their own to
which the great body of inhabitants render obedience, and enjoying freedom
from external control.
4 elements of state
TYPES OF POLITICAL AUTHORITY
• Each political organization exercises authority. Authority refers to the
power or right to give commands, enforce obedience, take action, or
make final decisions; jurisdiction.
1. Legal authority
• is based on a system of rules that is applied administratively and
judicially in accordance with known principles. The persons who
administer those rules are appointed or elected by legal procedures.
Superiors are also subject to rules that limit their powers, separate
their private lives from official duties and require written
documentation.
2. Traditional authority
• is based on a system in which authority is legitimate because it "has
always existed". People in power usually enjoy it because they have
inherited it. Officials consist either of personal retainers (in a
patrimonial regime) or of personal loyal allies, such as vassals or
tributary lords (in a feudal regime). Their prerogatives are usually
similar to those of the ruler above them, just reduced in scale, and
they too are often selected based on inheritance.
3. Charismatic authority
• is based on the charisma of the leader, who shows that he
possesses the right to lead by virtue of magical powers, prophecies,
heroism, etc. His followers respect his right to lead because of his
unique qualities (his charisma), not because of any tradition or legal
rules. Officials consist of those who have shown personal devotion to
the ruler, and of those who possess their own charisma.