TOPIC 5.

SOCIO-CULTURAL LEARNING THEORY

PREPARED BY: DIANA BAUTISTA 1-BSED

 LevVygotsky a Russian psychologist,developed a
theory of cognitive development known as the
Sociocultural Theory of Cognitive Development in
the early twentienth century.
 Vygotsky describes sociocultural theory of human learning as a
social process and the beginning of human intelligence of
society or culture. The major theme of his theoretical
framework is that social interaction plays a fundamental role in
the development of cognition. Vygotsky believed everything is
learned on two levels.

 The first level is done through interaction with others and

integrated into the individual`s mental or cognitive structure.
Usually,every function in the childs culture development
appears twice:first on the social level where it appears on the
interpsychological characteristics and later on the individual
level and second intrapsychological where it appears on the
inside of the child. Both the interpsychological and
intrapsychological apply to voluntary attention,to logical
memory, and to the formation of concepts.
MAJOR THEMES IN HIS THEORY

 Role of social interaction in Cognitive Development

 More knowledgeable others
 Zone of Proximal Development
 Scaffolding
ROLES OF SOCIAL INTERACTION IN COGNITIVE
DEVELOPMENT
 Languange plays a central role in mental development
 Languange itself becomes a very powerfull tool of
intellectual adaptation
MORE KNOWLEDGEABLE OTHER
 According to Vygotsky’s theory of cognitive
development,children learn through social interaction that
include collaboration and cooperative with someone who
is more skilled in tasks they’re trying to learn.
 ZONE OF PROXIMAL DEVELOPMENT
 The concept of Zone of Proximal Development underscores
Vygotsky’s conviction that social influences, particularly
getting instructions from someone,are of immense
importance on the cognitive development of children.
ZONE OF PROXIMAL DEVELOPMENT
I can do these
by myself

I can do these
with some
help

I can’t do
these,even
with help
SCAFFOLDING
 Scaffolding refers to the temporary support given to a
child by a more knowledgeable other than enables the
child to perform a task until such time that the child can
perform this task independently.
 SIGMUND FREUD
 He developed the idea of psychoanalysis that helped in understanding human
behavior especially neurological condition
 Freud theorized three aspects of personality that significantly influenced
human behavior
THREE LEVELS OF MIND
. Conscious mind- is consist of our thoughts,desires,and wishes which we are
aware of or can be recalled anytime.
. Pre-Conscious mind- is located between the unconscious and conscious mind it
consist of experiences that we are not aware of but are made conscious by
simply focusing on them.
.Unconscious mind- is the highest level of the mind that contained repressed
urges,thoughts memories and wishes which are disturbing and threatening
 THREE STRUCTURE OF PERSONALITY
. ID- is the animalistic nature of man’s personality.it is destructive and pleasure
seeking structure of personality.
.EGO- is the human nature of man.it acts according to laws and morals.it is
bound by limits of reality.The ego control the ID and acts as mediator between
the super ego and id
. SUPER EGO-strives for perfection.it is always to be good and honorable when
the ID and super ego are in conflict, the Super ego tries to compromise between
ID and the Ego