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Table of Contents
• How is work, power and energy related?
• What is energy?
– 2 types
• Kinetic
• Potential
– 2 types
» Gravitational
» Elastic
Table of Contents
• What are other forms of energy?
1. Mechanical
2. Thermal
3. Electrical
4. Chemical
5. Nuclear
6. Electromagnetic
Work, Power and Energy
• What is WORK?
– Work is done on an object when the object moves in
the same direction that the force was applied.
• Lifting your book bag
• Work= Force (N) x Distance (m)
– 1Nm = 1J
• What is POWER?
– The rate at which work is done.
• Running vs walking with your book bag
• Power= work (J) / time (s)
– 1J/s = 1W
Work, Power, Energy
• Energy: The ability to do work or cause a
change.
– Whenever work is done energy is transferred to
that object.
– Power is the rate at which the energy is
transferred.
MORE
Kinetic Energy Example
• 1. Determine the kinetic energy of a 625-kg roller coaster car
that is moving with a speed of 18.3 m/s.
ti o n
– Posi
– Motion
Mechanical
Potential
Kinetic
• If the kinetic energy of a falling apple is 5.2J
and its mechanical energy is 8.7J what is its
potential energy?
Mechanical Energy
• To sum up…
– Law of Conservation
An object of Energy
with mechanical energy can do work on
Energyobject!
another can neither be created nor destroyed;
rather, it transforms from one form to another.
– The more mechanical energy an object has the
more work it can do!
Potential = Kinetic
Kinetic = Potential
Thermal Energy
• All objects are made up of particles called
atoms molecules
_____ and _________.
• These particles are always in motion.
– What kind of energy would they have?
Kinetic
• These particles are arranged in specific ways in
different objects
– What kind of energy would they have?
Potential
Thermal Energy
• Total potential and kinetic energy of the
PARTICLES in a object is called Thermal
Energy!
Electrical Energy
• What do you think this is?
– Again this is energy of particles!
– The energy of tiny charged particles called…..
ELECTRONS!!!!
– Lets think of some examples....
Chemical Energy
• Chemical compounds are made up of atoms
_____
molecules
and _________.
• Bonds hold these atoms and molecules
together.
• These bonds have Chemical Energy!!!!
• Chemical energy can be released when these
bonds break!!!
Chemical Energy
• Chemical Potential Energy: energy that is
stored in chemical bonds
• Energy is stored in the bonds that hold carbon
and hydrogen atoms together
– The atoms are released when gas is burned
H H
C H
H
Nuclear Energy
• Potential or Kinetic?
• Where is the energy stored?
– NUCLEUS!
• When is the energy released?
– NUCLEAR REACTIONS!
• 2 kinds
1. Nuclear Fission
• Example?
2. Nuclear Fusion
• Example?
Electromagnetic Energy
• Travels in waves
– Does anyone know what waves are?
– These waves have…
• Electrical properties
• Magnetic properties
Electromagnetic!
• What are some examples that we know of
that use waves to transfer energy?
Mechanical
Thermal
Kinetic
Nuclear
Potential
Electromagnetic
Gravitational
Elastic
Electrical
Chemical
CHECK YOUR KNOWLEDGE.
5 points
Q: Can energy be destroyed? Yes or No
Why? ________________________________________