Potential VS.

Kinetic Energy
Energy – The ability to do work
How is energy involved in
the following picture?
The tennis player does work
On her racket

The racket does work on the

ball
The ball does work on the
net
Energy Video
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What is energy?

• “the ability to do work”

• Examples: light energy, heat energy,
mechanical energy, gravitational energy,
electrical energy, sound energy, chemical energy,
nuclear (atomic) energy.
• These forms of energy can be transferred and transformed
between one another. This is of immense benefit to us.
• The combination of energy and matter
make up the universe:
– Matter is substance, and energy is
the mover of substance.
 STATES OF ENERGY
Potential - Stored Energy or energy that
is waiting to be transferred.

-Object is not moving or doing work.

-When work is done on an object, potential
energy is stored.
-Has the ability to turn into kinetic energy.
 What is Potential Energy?
o Energy that is stored
and waiting to be used
later

Examples: stretched
rubberband, roller coaster
at the top of a hill, a diver at
the end of the diving board
waiting to jump.
 STATES OF ENERGY
Kinetic -The energy of motion, when
energy is being transferred.

The faster the motion, the more kinetic

energy it has. The bigger the mass, the more
kinetic energy it has.
 What is Kinetic Energy?
o Energy an object has due to its motion

o Examples: roller coaster going down a hill, baseball flying through

the air, wind blowing, etc.
Potential Kinetic
• energy of position • energy of motion,
or energy in the form capable of
storage. doing work

– Water behind a dam – Flowing water

– Hammer over head – A falling hammer
– Food on the plate – Electrons regenerating
ATP in a bio’l cell
 The Roller Coaster

http://www.ohiomathworks.org/themeparks/coastequation.gif
 Energy Conversions
• The process of changing one form of
energy into another form of energy.
 Conservation of Energy
o Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it only changes form

o Examples: roller coaster going down a hill, baseball flying through

the air, etc.
 The Law of Conservation of
Energy

• Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it

may be transformed from one form into
another, but the total amount of energy
never changes.
Conservation of
Energy
 How is all energy divided?
All Energy

Potential Kinetic
Energy Energy

Gravitation Elastic Chemical

Potential Potential Potential
Energy Energy Energy
What is Gravitational Potential Energy?
o Potential energy due
to an object’s
position.
o P.E. = mass x
height x gravity

Don’t look down,

Rover!
Good boy!
 Gravitational Potential Energy

Depends on:
1)Mass
2)Height of object (more height =
more potential).
3)Gravity pulling on object (objects on
earth would have more potential
energy than objects on the moon due
to more gravitational pull on earth).
 What is Elastic Potential Energy?
o Potential energy due to expansion or
compression of an elastic object.

Notice the ball compressing

and expanding
 Elastic Potential Energy
• Examples:
 What is Chemical Potential Energy?
o Potential energy
stored within the
chemical bonds of
an object
Chemical Potential Energy
Factors that Affect Potential
Energy

• m = mass (kg)
• h = height (m)
• g = accel due to
gravity
– (9.8 m/s2)
Factors that Affect Potential
Energy

• Mass= the more

mass an object
has, the more
potential energy it
has.
Factors that Affect Potential
Energy

• Height = the higher the

object is placed, the more
potential energy it has.
Factors that Affect Potential
Energy

• Gravity = the more

gravity pulling on
an object, the more
potential energy it
has.
Factors that Affect Kinetic
Energy

• Mass = the more

mass an object has,
the more kinetic
energy it has.
Why would a high speed collision
cause more damage than a low
speed collision?
Factors that Affect Kinetic
Energy

• Speed or Velocity
= the more speed
an object has the
more kinetic
energy it has.