GRADE 9

Welcome to
Ma’am Maria Cecelia C.
Anyayahan’s
Science Class
 Learning Competency

Examine effects and predict

causes of collision-related
damages/injuries.
 Learning Objectives

1. Explain the relationship between momentum and

impulse.
2. Illustrate how impact force is reduced in some
situations like in collisions.
3. Apply the concept of momentum and impulse to
real-life situations.
 Fact or Bluff
1. A projectile motion 2. The velocity at the
has a constant velocity maximum height of a
in the horizontal projectile motion is not
direction. Fact equal to zero. Bluff

4. The path of the

3. A force acting on a
projectile motion is
projectile is gravity.
called a trajectory.
Fact
 Let’s
Analyze
this !!!
 Are you familiar with this game?

Suppose you
play
basketball
with your
friends…
 What can you say
about the two
images?

Is there something in
common between the
two images?
 One of the most
common team
sports is
basketball…

Imagine two teams were

involved in a tight
tournament quarter finals.
Team A has 2 points ahead of
Team B…
 Later, in the match, a
player from Team B
scores a 3-point shot…

Followed by a series of 2-
point shots , Team B
couldn’t stop their
MOMENTUM…
 Momentum can simply be defined as the mass
in motion. This tells us that
object at rest has no momentum. You will notice
two quantities involved in this statement- the
mass and the velocity. These quantities are
directly proportional to the magnitude of
momentum. Increasing either the mass or
velocity of the object results in increasing the
momentum.
Driving your car with higher mass at a higher velocity gives your car
a higher momentum. The more momentum an object has, the more
difficult it is to bring to a stop. Therefore, when someone suddenly
crosses the road while you are driving at a higher velocity, it would
require you to apply greater force on the brake or it takes you a
longer amount of time or both to slow it down and bring it to a stop.
Let’s try to solve this!
 Suppose you ride a bus from Iligan
City to Cagayan De Oro….
a.It will slow down.
b.It will speed up.
c.Its velocity will not change.
a.It will slow down.
 After passing curvy road, the
bus travels in a straight road…
a. It increases
b. It decreases
c. It does not change at all
a. It increases
There were only 25 passengers in
the bus, along the way, 4
passengers dropped at St. Clara
bus stop and another 4 passengers
dropped off at St. Ana bus stop…
a.It increases
b.It decreases
c. It does not change at all.
b. It decreases
When the object slows down or moves
faster, its velocity decreases or increases.
If there is a change in the velocity or the
mass of an object, there is also a change
in momentum. And that change of
momentum is called IMPULSE.
FORCE is needed to change the momentum of a body.
This force (f) multiplied by the time of contact (t)
is known as IMPULSE (I) .
(I = Ft)
 Let’s analyze
these scenarios..
 In this case, force and time are important to look at. The brake
serves to apply a force to the car for a given amount of time to change
the car’s momentum. This amount of force applied multiplied by the
duration of time it was applied is called Impulse. And the greater the
impulse, the greater the change in momentum. To change the impulse,
you can either increase or decrease the force applied and the time of
contact.
 The impact force could be decreased by extending the time of contact.
Now, think about riding in an out-of-control car. Would you prefer hitting a
haystack or a brick wall? Your knowledge of physics will help you save your life.
Let us figure it out:
 If you are driving at a high velocity and a crash causes the car to stop immediately,
the driver and the passengers will be thrown forward (Law of inertia!) at the same
velocity causing major fatalities and death. This made the engineers designed car’s
crumple zones.
These areas are built to bend or collapse because crumpling allows the vehicle to
take a little longer before coming to stop. Thus, impact forced is lowered and
increasing the chance of survival.
 This is also the reason why the boxer often relaxes his neck and moves
his head backward upon recognizing that he will be hit in the head by the
opponent. Moving backward means extending the time of impact of the
glove with his head thus, decreasing the impact force during collision.
 The same principle is applied in using parachute when jumping off a
plane for example. The air pushes the parachute upward making the time
of contact of the person and the ground longer. Extending the time of
contact means decreasing the impact force.
 Activity No.1
KEEPING ME SAFE
Direction: Fill in the blanks with the correct word to complete the
paragraph describing each of the given picture.

1. I am a gymnast. I need to _____ bend my knees

when landing from a certain height to
________ the time of contact with the floor thus
increase
_______ thereducing
force of impact.

(reducing, increase, bend)

 Activity No.1
KEEPING ME SAFE
Direction: Fill in the blanks with the correct word to complete the
paragraph describing each of the given picture.
airbagsbecause it can
2. Cars are designed with __________
lessen or prevent injuries in the event of crash or
collision. The inflation of the airbag is initiated by
crash sensors. This ________ the impact force by
decreases
_______ the time ofincreasing
contact.

(airbags, decreases, increasing)

 Activity No.1
KEEPING ME SAFE
Direction: Fill in the blanks with the correct word to complete the
paragraph describing each of the given picture.
crumple zonesinto cars
3. Car manufacturers design _______________
so that car will likely be crumpled rather than rebounded
in a collision. When the car crumples, the change in the
car’s momentum happens over a ______ time. This
__________
long the force decreases
of impact on the passengers and
thereby increasing chances of survival.

(long, decreases, crumple zones)

 Activity No.1
KEEPING ME SAFE
Direction: Fill in the blanks with the correct word to complete the
paragraph describing each of the given picture.

padded gloves Its

4. Baseball players need to use_____________.
padding is slightly compressible thus __________ the
impact force on the player’s
reducing
increasing the time of contact.
hand by _________

(reducing, increasing, padded gloves)

 Activity No.1
KEEPING ME SAFE
Direction: Fill in the blanks with the correct word to complete the
paragraph describing each of the given picture.
5. When catching a baseball, the catcher pulls his hand
backwards
_____________ with the moving ball. This ___________
decreases
the impact of catching the fast-moving ball to your hand
because by doing so,
time of contact was been ____________ .
increased

(backwards, increased, decreases)

 Guide Questions
1. What do you need to do with the contact time
during a collision so that the force of impact will
be reduced?
INCREASE THE
CONTACT
TIME
 Guide Questions

2. How could seatbelt apply the same principle

of saving the passenger’s life during crash?
THE SEATBELT HOLDS THE
PASSENGER IN PLACE OR IT
PREVENTS THE PASSENGER
FROM FLYING FORWARD
WHEN CAR SUDDENLY
STOPS DUE TO COLLISION
 Activity No.2: CUSHION IT!
Direction: Choose the material that reduces the force of impact in each of the following situations.

1. There is a mechanical failure in the

plane. I need to jump off the plane before it
crashes. What do I need to land safely? Parachute
 Activity No.2: CUSHION IT!
Direction: Choose the material that reduces the force of impact in each of the following situations.

2. I got a head-on collision with an electrical

post. I was not thrown forward towards the
windshield. What Seatbelt
keeps me from my seat?
 Activity No.2: CUSHION IT!
Direction: Choose the material that reduces the force of impact in each of the following situations.

3. My car is out of control. There are just Banana stalk

two options to collide with, mango tree or a
banana stalk. What will I choose?
 Activity No.2: CUSHION IT!
Direction: Choose the material that reduces the force of impact in each of the following situations.

4. My car gets a head-on collision, and our cars are both crumpled
instead of rebounding. Both of us are not seriously harmed
because crumpling increases the time of changing our momentum
thus reducing the impact force. What did car manufacturers
Crumpling
design into our cars that reduces injury?
zone
 Activity No.2: CUSHION IT!
Direction: Choose the material that reduces the force of impact in each of the following situations.

5. My car accidentally hit the motorcycle that

was trying to overtake me. The driver was
knocked over along with his motorcycle. What
did he use to avoid serious head injury? Helmet
 Generalization
Directions: Put a thumbs up sign if the statement is correct and
change the underline word/s if the statement is incorrect.

1. If heavy and light objects have

the same momentum, the velocity
of the lighter object is higher.
 Generalization
Directions: Put a thumbs up sign if the statement is correct and
change the underline word/s if the statement is incorrect.

2. The car with lower momentum

requires a great stopping force. HIGHER
 Generalization
Directions: Put a thumbs up sign if the statement is correct and
change the underline word/s if the statement is incorrect.

3. During the collision, the

seatbelt increases the time of
contact of the passenger to the
steering wheel, thus reducing
impact force.
 Generalization
Directions: Put a thumbs up sign if the statement is correct and
change the underline word/s if the statement is incorrect.

4. If the change in momentum

occurs over a long time, the force
of impact is large.
SMAL
L
 Generalization
Directions: Put a thumbs up sign if the statement is correct and
change the underline word/s if the statement is incorrect.

5. In catching a fast-moving ball with

the bare hand, move your hand
backward with the ball so INCREASE
that collision time will be decreased,
and force of impact will be D
decreased.
 Application
By cushioning materials
inside the shipping
packaging, these
products will be
Fragile goods such as glass, ceramics,
protected from damage and
electronic products that areduetransported
to impact or
vibration in transit.
must be cushioned inside the shipping
packaging. Why is this so?
 VALUING

Activity No.3
MY LIFE JOURNEY
Directions: Identify the following materials/parts that play an important role in
reducing collision injury. Then use them to fill in the blanks in the
“ My life Journey”.

SELF-REFLECTION:
My Life Journey.
Life is a journey filled with joys, hardships, and lessons that will
ultimately bring us to our destination. Along our journey, we are
confronted with rough roads and accidents that slow us down or
sometimes stop us from going. But do not forget that in all these
accidents that you experienced, there are people that serve like
____________ to protect you from serious harm, there are those
air bag
ready to be crushed like the_________________ of cars so you
won’t be hurt so much, and there are those who seathugbelt
you like the
______________when you are about to crash. The moment you
break
feel like giving up, ask GOD forpedal
full control of your life like the
__________ of the car. He can give you rest when you get tired in
your life. crumple zone
 “MY LIFE
JOURNEY”
How’s your life journey
as a student, during this
time of pandemic?
QUESTION 1
A car traveling along the highway needs a
certain amount of force to be brought to rest.
A large force is required when a car has
______.

A. lower mass

B. lower momentum

C. higher momentum

D. longer stopping distance

A car traveling along the highway needs
a certain amount of force to be brought
to rest. A large force is required when a
car has ______.

A. lower mass

B. lower momentum

C. higher momentum
D. longer stopping distance
QUESTION 2
 Which of the following correctly describes
the situation below?

A. The change in momentum occurs over a long time resulting in a

larger force of impact.

B. The change in momentum occurs over a short time resulting in a

larger force of impact.

C. The change in momentum occurs over a long time resulting in a

smaller force of impact.

D. The change in momentum occurs over a short time resulting in a

smaller force of impact.
Which of the following correctly
describes the situation below?

A. The change in momentum occurs over a long time resulting in a larger

force of impact.

B. The change in momentum occurs over a short time resulting in a

larger force of impact.

C. The change in momentum occurs over a long time resulting in a smaller

force of impact.

D. The change in momentum occurs over a short time resulting in a smaller

force of impact.
QUESTION 3
The amount of wreckage of cars during collision depends on the car’s
momentum and on how long the change in momentum occurs.
Which of the following barriers could give the least force of impact to
the car?

A 1
B 2
C 3
D 4
The amount of wreckage of cars during collision depends on the car’s
momentum and on how long the change in momentum occurs.
Which of the following barriers could give the least force of impact to
the car?

A 1

B 2
C 3
D 4
QUESTION 4
 Why do you think mountain climbers use
nylon rope?

A. To increase the stopping time and

decrease the stopping force.
B. To increase both the stopping force and
time.
C. To decrease both the stopping force and
time.
D. To decrease the stopping time and
increase the stopping force.
Why do you think mountain climbers use
nylon rope?

A. To increase the stopping time and decrease the

stopping force.
B. To increase both the stopping force and time.
C. To decrease both the stopping force and time.
D. To decrease the stopping time and increase the
stopping force.
QUESTION 5
 Seatbelts reduce the risk of death and serious
injury. Which of the following
emotions/behavior could you associate with
seatbelt?

A. Arrogance
B. Love
C. Depression
D. Stress
Seatbelts reduce the risk of death and
serious injury. Which of the following
emotions/behavior could you
associate with seatbelt?

A. Arrogance

B. Love

C. Depression

D. Stress
 Assignment

Research about
conservation of
momentum.
“Momentum
demands
movement”.