Cognitive Social Learning

Theory: Rotter & Mischel

Presenter: Renz Dominique A. Labbao
Outline
- Overview of Cognitive Social Learning Theory
- Biography of Julian Rotter
- Introduction to Rotter’s Social Learning Theory
- Predicting Specific Behaviors
- Predicting General Behaviors
- Maladaptive Behavior
- Psychotherapy
Outline (Con’t)
- Introduction to Mischel’s Personality System
- Biography of Walter Mischel
- Background of Cognitive-Affective Personality System
- Cognitive-Affective Personality System
- Related Research
- Critique of Cognitive Social Learning Theory
- Concept of Humanity
An Overview:
• Assumes cognitive factors help shape how people will react to
environmental forces.
• Interactionist Point of View in predicting behavior.
• Expectations of future events are prime determinants of performance.
• Examination of consistency of inconsistency of personality.
Biography of Rotter
• He was born in Brooklyn in October 22, 1916
• In High School, he became familiar with writings of Freud and Adler
• In 1941, He received a PhD in clinical psychology from Indiana
University
• Published Social Learning and Clinical Psychology in 1954
• Moved to the University of Connecticut in 1963 and has remained
there since his retirement.
Introduction to Rotter’s Social Learning
Theory
Rests on Five Hypotheses
- Humans interact with their meaningful environments
- Human Personality is learned
- Personality has a basic unity
- Motivation is goal directed
- People are capable of anticipating events
Predicting Specific Behaviors
• Rotter attempts to predict behavior.
• Four Variables:
• Behavioral Potential (BP)
• Expectancy
• Reinforcement Value
• Psychological Situation
Predicting Specific Behaviors
• Four Variables:
• Behavioral Potential (BP)
• is the possibility that particular response will occur at a given time and place.
Predicting Specific Behaviors
• Four Variables:
• Expectancy
• refers to a person’s expectation that some specific reinforcement or set of reinforcements
will occur in a given situation
Predicting Specific Behaviors
• Four Variables:
• Reinforcement Value
• which is the preference a person attaches to any reinforcement when the probabilities for
the occurrence of a number of different reinforcements are all equal.
• Internal Reinforcement
• External Reinforcement
Predicting Specific Behaviors
• Four Variables:
• Psychological Situation - defined as that part of the external and internal
world to which a person is responding.
Basic Prediction Formula
• Consider the case of La Juan, an academically gifted college student
who is listening to a dull and lengthy lecture by one of her professors.
To the internal cues of boredom and the external cues of seeing
slumbering classmates, what is the likelihood that La Juan will
respond by resting her head on the desk in an attempt to sleep?
Predicting General Behaviors
• Generalized Expectations
• Needs
• Categories of Needs:
• Recognition – Status
• Dominance
• Independence
• Protection/Dependency
• Love & Affection
• Physical Comfort
Need Components
• Need potential
• refers to the possible occurrence of a set of functionally related behaviors
directed toward satisfying the same or similar goals.
• Freedom of Movement - It is one’s overall expectation of being reinforced
for performing those behaviors that are directed toward satisfying some
general need.
• Need Value - is the degree to which she or he prefers one set of
reinforcements to another