OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the lesson, the students

should be able to:

Identify the hazards and risk.

List down the different health hazards and
risks found in the work place.
Discuss the effects of health hazards and
occupational risks.
 IDENTIFY
HAZARD
AND
RISK
IN
THE
WORKPLACE
PHILIPPINE OCCUPATIONAL, HEALTH AND
SAFETY STANDARDS

- was formulated in 1978 in compliance with the constitutional

mandate to safeguard the worker’s social and economic well-
being as well as his physical safety and health.
Occupational Safety and Health
4

- is concerned with protecting the safety,

health, and welfare of the people engaged in
work.

- the goal of all occupational safety and

health program is to foster a safe work
environment.
SAFETY REGULATIONS

1. THE PHILIPPINE CLEAN AIR

ACT OF 1999

2. WASTE MANAGEMENT
THE PHILIPPINE CLEAN
AIR ACT OF 1999
- is a law that provides for a comprehensive
air pollution control policy in the Philippines.

- The Department of Environment and

Natural Resources through its Environmental
Management Bureau (DENR-EMB) is
leading the strict implementation of the
Clean Air Act.

The law was enacted on June 23, 1999, and is

WASTE MANAGEMENT
- this includes the collection, transport,
treatment, and disposal of waste, together with
monitoring and regulation of the waste
management process and waste-related laws,
technologies, and economic mechanisms.

- the goal of waste management is to reduce the

environmental impact of waste by minimizing
the amount of waste produced, maximizing the
reuse and recycling of waste materials, and
ensuring that hazardous waste is disposed of
safely and responsibly.
TYPES OF WASTE
1.SOLID WASTE

2.LIQUID WASTE

3.GASEOUS WASTE
1. SOLID WASTE
- These are unwanted substances that are
discarded by human society. They include urban
wastes, industrial wastes, agricultural wastes,
biomedical wastes, and radioactive wastes.

- examples are plastics, Styrofoam, bottles, cans,

papers, scrap iron, and other trashes.
2. LIQUID WASTE

- These are wastes generated from washing, flushing, or

manufacturing processes of industries.

-examples are chemicals, oils, waste water from ponds,

human waste, and runoff.
3. GASEOUS WASTE
- these are wastes that are released in the form
of gases from automobiles, factories, or burning
of fossil fuels like petroleum.

- they get mixed in the other gases atmosphere

and occasionally cause events such as smog and
acid rain.
CLASSIFICATION OF
WASTE ACCORDING TO
THEIR PROPERTIES

1.BIODEGRADABLE

2.NON-BIODEGRADABLE
1. BIODEGRADABLE

- means that an item can be

disintegrated into its base elements
by microorganisms and the
passage of time.

- this biological process of

biodegradation breaks materials
down into their various component
parts and returns them to nature.
2. NON-
BIODEGRADABLE
- refers to substances that cannot
be broken down by natural
organisms and act as a source of
pollution.

- Examples of non-biodegradable
waste include plastics, metal,
aluminum cans, and more.
CLASSIFICATION OF WASTE
ACCORDING TO THEIR
EFFECTS ON HUMAN
HEALTH AND THE
ENVIRONMENT

1.Hazardous Waste

2.Non-hazardous Waste
1. HAZARDOUS WASTE
- is defined as waste with properties that make it
dangerous or capable of having a harmful effect on
human health or the environment.

- are unsafe substances used commercially,

industrially, agriculturally, or economically.

- examples are paint, motor oil, pesticides,

prescription drugs, air fresheners, and batteries.
2. NON-HAZARDOUS WASTE
- refers to substances that do not pose a threat to
human health or the environment.

-this category of waste includes materials that are not

flammable, corrosive, reactive, or toxic.

-examples of non-hazardous waste include paper,

plastic, glass, and more.
PROCESS FLOW OF
WASTE
MANAGEMENT

The process flow of waste

management can vary
depending on the type of waste
and the location.
HOWEVER, THE FOLLOWING STEPS ARE
COMMONLY INVOLVED IN THE WASTE
MANAGEMENT PROCESS:
1. Collection: the first step is to collect the waste from various
sources, such as households, offices, and industries. The waste is
then transported to a waste management facility.

2. Sorting: the waste is sorted into different categories based on

its type, such as organic, recyclable, and hazardous waste.

3. Treatment: the waste is treated based on its category. Organic

waste is usually composted or incinerated, while recyclable waste
is processed for reuse.

4. Disposal: the final step is to dispose of the waste in a safe and

environmentally friendly manner. This can include landfilling,
incineration, or recycling.
 WASTE HIERARCHY - is a tool used in the
evaluation of processes that protect the
environment alongside resource and energy
consumption from most favourable to least
favourable actions

- The most preferred option is to prevent or avoid

waste, and the least preferred option is disposal in
landfill sites.
The five stages of the waste hierarchy
are:
1.Reduce: This stage involves reducing the amount of waste generated by
minimizing the use of materials and energy.

2.Reuse: This stage involves using products or materials again without

processing them.

3.Recycle: This stage involves processing waste materials to create new

products.
4.Recovery: This stage involves recovering energy from waste materials
through incineration or other means.

5.Disposal: This stage involves disposing of waste materials in landfills or

other facilities.
QUESTIONS?