LINNAEAN

SYSTEM of
CLASSIFICATION
STEM 11 EINSTEIN GROUP 7
 • It helps scientists understand
the evolutionary relationships
WHY IS THERE between different species and
A NEED TO how they are related through
CLASSIFY common ancestry.
ORGANISMS?
• It helps identify endangered
species, assess biodiversity,
and develop strategies for
preserving ecosystems.
TAXONOMY
• is the scientific method of
classifying and naming
living organisms by
grouping them by shared
traits or characteristics.
REMEMBER

Any particular group of

organisms is called a
taxon.
Taxonomic hierarchy – An ordered
group of taxonomic ranks used to classify
organisms from general to specific.

Taxonomic rank – A level of a group of

organisms in a taxonomic hierarchy. (the
taxonomic ranks that make up the taxonomic
hierarchy).
PUMA

COUGAR
MOUNTAIN LION
Who is Carolus Linnaeus?
known as the “Father of Taxonomy”
was a Swedish botanist
developed the Linnaean System, a
taxonomic classification system
organized organisms from larger to smaller
and more specific categories, the
Hierarchical System
• he is known for developing the Binomial
Nomenclature System for naming
organisms
Nomenclature Codes :
International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN) –
Algae, Fungi and Plants
International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) –
Animals.
International Code of Nomenclature Bacteria (ICNB) –
bacteria
• International Committee of Taxonomy of Viruses
(ICTV) – viruses
These codes make sure that each organism gets a specific name and that name is
globally identified.
HOW DO WE
CLASSIFY
ORGANISMS?
1. Morphological Traits
2. Evolution
3. Genetic Traits
 01
Morphological
Traits
 • Changes to the outward
appearance of an animal as
well as the form and structure
of internal parts, like bones
and organs.
(Homologous and Analogous)
MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS/STRUCTURE

HOMOLOGOUS ANALOGOUS
● Same trait but different ● Same functions different
functions. traits.
 02
Evolution
Refers to change in organisms over a
long period of time and over many
generations.
• the study of evolutionary relationships
between organisms is known as
phylogeny.
 03
Genetic
Traits
• This field involves the study of
genes, segments of DNA that code
for specific traits, behaviors, or
other characteristics of organisms.
 THE BINOMIAL SYSTEM of NAMING
ORGANISMS

• Binomial nomenclature is a two-part

scientific naming system.

• This system provides a universal and

standardized way to uniquely identify
and name each species.
REMEMBER
 RULES
- uses Latin words
- scientific names always written in italics
- two parts are the genus name and species
descriptor
- when the names are handwritten, they are
underlined or italicized if typed.
- the name of the genus starts with a capital letter
and the name of the species starts with a small
letter.
EXAMPLES
A PICTURE IS WORTH A THOUSAND WORDS
DOMAIN
- Is the highest (most general) rank of
organisms.
- This is the most broad category.
- Eukarya, Archaea, and Bacteria are the
three cell types that define all life.
- Humans are within Eukarya.
KINGDOM
- Before the domain was introduced, kingdom
was the highest level of taxonomic rank.
- Animal, Plant, Fungi, and Protista are all
examples of kingdoms within the Eukarya
domain.
- - Humans are members of the Animal
kingdom.
REMEMBER
PHYLUM
- Organisms are further divided into phyla
based on similarities in body plans and
developmental patterns.
- Chordata, for example, is the phylum
within the Animal Kingdom to which we
belong.
CLASS
- - Based on additional shared
characteristics, such as anatomical
features or reproductive strategies.
-
- - Mammalia is the class in which
humans belong, which also includes
all other mammals.
ORDER
- Grouping organisms based on
similarities in behavior, anatomy, and
other characteristics.
-
- - next you’ll find us in Primates, which
includes other great apes and
monkeys.
FAMILY
- Which contain organisms that share
more specific characteristics and
evolutionary relationships.

- then Hominidae, which includes humans

and great apes.
GENUS
- Which are groups of closely related
species that share common ancestors.

- our genus is Homo, which currently

includes only humans, but used to include
other species
SPECIES
- Is the most specific category.
- Which are groups of closely related
species that share common
ancestors.
- and finally our species is Sapiens,
which only includes humans.
THANK YOU