3 Quarter Reviewer

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• What is positive feedback in relation to the
menstrual cycle?
a) A mechanism where high levels of a hormone
prevent further production of that hormone or
another hormone it regulates.
b) A mechanism where low levels of a hormone
stimulate further production of that hormone or
another hormone it regulates.
c) A mechanism where high levels of a hormone
stimulate further production of that hormone or
another hormone it regulates.
d) A mechanism where low levels of a hormone
prevent further production of that hormone or
another hormone it regulates.
• What is the menstrual cycle?
a) The monthly discharge of blood that occurs
in most women of child-bearing age.
b) The monthly discharge of urine that occurs
in most women of child-bearing age.
c) The monthly discharge of sweat that occurs
in most women of child-bearing age.
d) The monthly discharge of blood that occurs
in most women at any age.
• What is the main hormone
that regulates the menstrual
cycle?
a) Insulin
b) Testosterone
c) Adrenaline
d) Estrogen
• What is the impact of estrogen on the
levels of Follicle-stimulating hormone
(FSH) throughout the menstrual cycle?
a) Estrogen decreases FSH levels by
stimulating the release of testosterone.
b) High levels of estrogen prevent further
production of FSH.
c) High levels of estrogen stimulate further
production of FSH.
d) Estrogen has no effect on FSH levels.
• How does the nervous system
maintain homeostasis?
a) By providing digestion, absorption, and
excretion of all systems in the body.
b) By providing circulation, transportation,
and distribution of all systems in the body.
c) By providing monitoring, response, and
regulation of all systems in the body.
d) By providing oxygenation, ventilation, and
respiration of all systems in the body.
• What is transfer RNA’s (tRNA) role in
translation?
a) It carries amino acids to the nucleus and
matches them to the codons on DNA.
b) It carries amino acids to the ribosome and
matches them to the codons on mRNA..
c) It carries nucleotides to the ribosome and
matches them to the codons on mRNA.
d) It carries nucleotides to the nucleus and
matches them to the codons on DNA.
• What occurs during the process of
transcription?
a) The DNA sequence is absorbed into the
cell’s cytoplasm.
b) The DNA sequence is excreted from the
cell’s nucleus.
c) The DNA sequence is broken down into
individual nucleotides.
d) The DNA sequence is copied into a
messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule.
• What happens during the process of
transcription?
a) The DNA sequence is broken down into
individual nucleotides.
b) The DNA sequence is excreted from the
cell’s nucleus.
c) The DNA sequence is copied into a
messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule.
d) The DNA sequence is absorbed into the
cell’s cytoplasm.
• In biology, mutations play a vital role
in the process of evolution. A
mutation is defined as a change in the
______?
a) size of an organism.
b) color of an organism.
c) DNA sequence of a gene.
d) behavior of an organism.
• Mutations can have a significant effect
on the structure and function of
proteins. They can alter the structure
of a protein by changing the ?
a) DNA sequence
b) RNA sequence.
c) Protein sequence.
d) Amino ACID sequence.
• What is the term used to describe the
remains or traces of organisms from a
past geological age?
a) Bones.
b) Relics.
c) Fossils.
d) Artifacts.
What is the study of fossils is called ?
a) Geology
b) Archaeology.
c) Paleontology.
d) Anthropology.
Fossil records provide a unique window
into the history of life on Earth and the
process of evolution. Fossil records
provide evidence for evolution by
demonstrating that species
have_______ ?
a) always existed
b) changed over time.
c) appeared suddenly.
d) remained the same over time.
Comparative anatomy is a powerful tool
for understanding the evolutionary
relationships between different species.
Comparative anatomy provides evidence
for evolution by demonstrating that
different species have _______?
a) different structures with different
functions.
b) different structures with similar functions.
c) similar structures with similar functions.
d) similar structures with different functions.
Fossil records provide evidence supporting the
theory of evolution. The most accurate statement
about its strengths and limitations is that fossil
records ______?
a) are unreliable because they can be easily faked or
misinterpreted.
b) provide a complete and accurate record of all
species that have ever lived.
c) can provide evidence of changes in species over
time, but are limited by gaps and incomplete data.
d) are not useful for studying evolution because they
only provide information about extinct species
What do we call the process by
which species change over time?
a) Mutation
b) Evolution
c) Adaptation
d) Natural Selection
Who proposed the theory of
evolution by natural selection?
a) Isaac Newton
b) Albert Einstein
c) Charles Darwin
d) Jean Baptiste de Lamarck
• Natural selection is a key mechanism of
evolution and is responsible for the
diversity of life on Earth. Natural selection
leads to evolution by ___?
a) It favors traits that decrease an organism’s
chances of survival and reproduction.
b) It favors traits that increase an organism’s
chances of survival and reproduction.
c) It favors traits that have no effect on an
organism’s chances of survival and reproduction.
d) Natural selection has no effect on the traits of an
organism.
• The main idea behind the theory of natural selection
is ___________?
a) Individuals with traits that increase their chances
of survival and reproduction are more likely to
pass on their genes to the next generation.
b) Individuals with traits that decrease their
chances of survival and reproduction are more
likely to pass on their genes to the next
generation.
c) All individuals have an equal chance of passing
on their genes to the next generation.
d) The environment has no effect on an individual’s
chances of passing on their genes to the next
generation.
 An evolutionary tree is shown below. Which
statement is accurate according to the evolutionary tree?

a) All the species depicted share some common DNA

sequences.
b) Species S is the most well-adapted among all the
displayed species.
c) Species N is a shared ancestor of species L and M.
d) Species O and P have a closer relationship than
species P and Q.
What is species diversity?
a) number of ecosystems within a
region.
b) variety of species within an
ecosystem.
c) number of individuals within a
species.
d) variety of habitats within an
ecosystem.
What is Adaptation?
a) The process by which a species
evolves over time.
b) The ability of an ecosystem to
recover from disturbance.
c) The process by which new species
arise from existing populations.
d) The ability of an individual to survive
and reproduce in its environment.
Increasing species diversity is an
important objective in conservation
and ecosystem management. One
simple way to achieve this is by?
a) By protecting and restoring habitats.
b) By increasing pollution levels in an ecosystem.
c) By introducing non-native species to an
ecosystem.
d) By decreasing the population size of keystone
species.
Species diversity plays a crucial role in the
resilience and adaptability of ecosystems. It
increases the probability of survival of
organisms in changing environments by
___________?
a) By decreasing the stability of an ecosystem.
b) By increasing the number of diseases in an
ecosystem.
c) By decreasing the number of individuals in each
species.
d) By providing more opportunities for cooperation
and mutualism between species.
Species diversity refers to the range of different species
present in an ecosystem. It is important because it helps
organisms adapt and survive in changing environments.
Which of the following examples show how species
diversity can increase the probability of adaptation and
survival in changing environments?
a) A population of identical clones is more resistant
to disease.
b) A population with high genetic diversity is more
likely to go extinct.
c) A population with low genetic diversity is more
likely to survive environmental changes.
d) A population of birds with varying beak sizes is
better able to adapt to changes in food
availability.
The carrying capacity of an environment is
important maintaining the balance in the
ecosystem. What is a carrying capacity?
a) The number of individuals in a
population.
b) A population with high genetic diversity
is more likely to go extinct.
c) The minimum number of individuals of
a species that an environment can
support.
d) The maximum number of individuals of
a species that an environment can
support.
The carrying capacity of an environment,
which refers to the maximum population
size that can be sustained by the available
resources, is influenced by several factors.
What factors determine the carrying
capacity of an environment?
a) The size of the environment.
b) The climate of the environment.
c) The number of predators in the
environment.
d) The availability of resources such as
food, water, and shelter.
What happens when a population exceeds
its carrying capacity?
a) The population will continue to grow
indefinitely.
b) The population will remain stable at
the carrying capacity.
c) The population will decrease until it
reaches the carrying capacity.
d) The carrying capacity will increase to
accommodate the population.
The students were investigating the variety of organisms
in two separate river ecosystems. The results of their
research are presented in the following chart. How does
the variety of life in River A compare to that in River B
based on the data in the chart?

a) Both rivers display equal levels of biodiversity as

they both contain a range of different species.
b) River B shows greater biodiversity than River A due
to the presence of more plant species.
c) River A has greater biodiversity than River B as it
has a larger number of species.
d) It's impossible to accurately gauge biodiversity
without considering the non-living factors present.
Rapid population growth can place significant strain on a
city’s resources and infrastructure, and city planners
must develop effective strategies to address these
challenges. Imagine you are a City Planner tasked to
address the challenges of rapid population growth.
Which of the following strategies would be most effective
in reducing strain on resources and infrastructure?
rephrase this question?
a) Encouraging residents to have smaller families.
b) Increasing taxes to fund infrastructure
improvements.
c) Investing in public transportation and renewable
energy.
d) Building new housing developments on the
outskirts of the city.
 THE END

GOOD LUCK