Adverbial Clause

Peringkasan
 Peringkasan Adverb Clauses
When the subject of the main clause and the subject of the adverb clause are the same person or thing, the adverb clause can be reduced
(shortened). Reduced adverb clauses do not contain a main verb or a subject. They consist of a marker and a participle (either a present or a
past participle) or a marker and an adjective.
 When astronauts are orbiting the earth, they don't feel the force of gravity.
When orbiting the earth, astronauts don't feel the force of gravity. (Peringkasan dgn Ving)
 Although it had been damaged, the machine was still operational.
Although damaged, the machine was still operational. (Peringkasan dengan V3)
 Although he was nervous, he gave a wonderful speech.
Although nervous, he gave a wonderful speech. (Peringkasan karna subject sama)

Meskipun HP saya sudah tua, HP saya masi bisa berfungsi dengan baik

Meskipun sudah tua, hp saya masih bisa berfungsi dengan baik

 Peringkasan Adverb Clauses
Meskipun HP saya sudah tua, HP saya masi bisa berfungsi dengan baik
Although my phone was old, my phone still has good function.
Althoungh old, my phone still has good function.
Meskipun sudah tua, hp saya masih bisa berfungsi dengan baik
 Daftar Conj & Contohnya
because cause Because the speaker was sick, the program was canceled.
since cause Since credit cards are so convenient, many people use them.
although opposition Although he earns a good salary, he never saves any money.
(contrary cause)
even though opposition Even though she was tired, she she stayed up late.
(contrary cause)
while contrast Some people arrived in taxis while others took the subway.
if condition Lf the automobile had not been invented, what would people use for basic
transportation?
unless condition I won't go unless you do.
when time Your heart rate increases when you exercise

while time Some people like to listen to music while they are studying.
as time One train was arriving as another was departing.
since time We haven't seen Professor Hill since she returned from her trip.
until time Don't put off going to the dentist until you have a problem.
once time Once the dean arrives, the meeting can begin.
before time Before he left the country. he bought some traveler’s checks.
after time She will give a short speech after she is presented with the award
 Daftar Conj & Contohnya

Wherever any place that ... Put that box wherever you can find room for it.
Whenever any time that ... They stay at that hotel whenever they're in
Boston.
However any way that…. However you solve the problem, you'll get the
same answer.
 Peringkasan Abridgment
Abridgment ini adalah peringkasan dengan penghilangan Subject yang terjadi pada Sub Clause
dan menyebabkan bentuk Verb dalam Sub Clause berubah.

• Syarat peringkasan nya hanya dua

1. Subjectnya sama
2. Tidak terdapat modal

Jenis kalimat Pola Peringkasan

Active Conj + S + V Conj + Ving

Passive Conj + S + Be + Verb 3 Conj + Being + Verb 3

Perfect Conj + S + Have + V3 Conj + Having + V3

 Jenis Conj Abridgment
Dalam peringkasan abridgment terdapat beberapa conjunction yang sering muncul dalam kalimat
yakni: After, before, while, since, etc.

Jenis Conj Contoh

After After he finished his homework, peter went to bed.

After finishing his homework, peter went to bed.

Before Before I left for work, I ate breakfast.

Before leaving for work, I ate breakfast.

While While I was sitting in class, I fell asleep.

While sitting in class, I fell asleep.

Since Since maiwa came to this country, she has made many friends
Since coming to this country, he has made many friends
 Contoh
Reducing - Abridgment
1). I would eat if I were hungry.
Abr : I would eat if being hungry.
Red : Being hungry, I would eat.
2). I would eat unless I were hungry.
Abr : I won’t eat if not to be hungry.
Red : Not to be hungry, I won’t eat.
3). After she bought a car, she went to Bandung alone.
After buying a car, she went to Bandung alone.
4). While I was walking down the beach, I saw a whale stranded.
Abr : While walking down the beach, I saw a whale stranded.
Red : Walking down the beach, I saw a whale stranded.