ASSESSMENT, LEARNING

RESOURCES AND
INSTRUCTIONAL (INPUT)
ACCOMODATION
Assessment
What is Assessment?
In education, the term
assessment refers to the wide
variety of methods or tools that
educators use to evaluate,
measure, and document the
academic readiness, learning
progress, skill acquisition, or
educational needs of students.
Definitions of ASSESSMENT
according to its used:
 • Assessment of learning
- Assessment judges results against
established standards and
benchmarks. This most traditional
use of assessment can reveal how the
learner and the system are
performing.
• Assessment for learning
- Assessment provides immediate
feedback both to the learner and to
adults on developing knowledge,
skills, and dispositions while
learning is actually happening.
Assessment as learning
- Assessment support the
development of metacognition, the
understanding of how learners learn
and who the learner’s know
themselves.
A. TYPES OF ASSESSMENT
Pre-assessment or Diagnostic
assessment
Formative assessment
Summative assessment
Placement assessment
Screening assessment
Pre-assessment or Diagnostic assessment
Are administered before
students begin a lesson, unit,
course, or academic program.
Students are not expected to
know most, or even any, of the
material evaluated by pre-
assessments.
Formative assessment
Are in-process evaluations for
student learning that are
typically administered multiple
times during the unit, course, or
academic program.
Summative assessment
Are used evaluate student
learning at the conclusion of a
specific instructional period –
typically at the end of a unit,
course, or academic program.
Placement assessment
Are used to “place” students
into a course, course level, or
academic program.
Screening assessment
Are used to determine whether
students may need specialized
assistance or services, or
whether they are ready to begin
a course, grade level, or
academic program.
Learning Resources
Learning Resources
Are any resource-including print
and non-print materials and
online/open access resources which
supports and enhances, directly or
indirectly, learning and teaching.
Impact of Learning Resources

- It helps the students to

understand and enjoy the
lesson which the teacher
teaches them. It helps students
understand the object of the
teacher is conveying.
Example of Traditional Learning Resources
and Online Learning Resources

Traditional LR Online LR

Textbook Google docs

Dictionary YouTube

Encyclopedia Wikipedia

Flashcards IXL

Charts Quizlet
Instructional Accommodation
Accommodation are changes in the
way a state accessed bearing wind
changing the actual standards a student
is working toward. Using
accommodations can be complicated –
the goal is to find a balance that gives
students equal access to learning
without “watering down” the content.
Four Categories of Instructional Accommodation

TIMING/
PRESENTA
TION
RESPONSE SCHEDULIN SETTING
• Allow G
• Allow
students to • Change the
students to record their allowable
access work in length of • Change the
instructional alternate time for location in
materials in ways or to assignments, which
ways that do solve or projects, and instruction is
not require organize test, and given or the
them to their work may also condition of
visually using some change the the setting.
decode type of way the time
standard materials or is organized.
print. device.
How accommodations can address
barriers presented by a student’s
disability?
Disability Barrier Ex
accommodations
VISUAL DISABILITY Reading printed text • Audio version of text
•Large-printed materials
•Braille materials

SPECIFIC LEARNING Decoding text •Audio books

DISABILITY •Text-to-speech software

ADHD Remaining focused •Allow frequent breaks

•Mark answers directly
in the test booklet vs. on
a bubble answer sheet

ORTHOPAEDIC Writing out response •Permit oral response

IMPAIREMENT (due to inability to hold •Speech-to-text software
a pencil)
OBSERVATION CHECKLIST
An observation checklist
is a set of question that
assist an observer evaluate
the performance and
behavior of an individual.
Common Teacher Observation Checklist
items
Conduct an observation check on
different key areas such as planning,
watching techniques, and student
teacher relationship
Add detailed notes or comments.
Add comments and recommendations.
Complete the checklist by capturing
electronic signatures of the instructor
and observer.
ANECDOTAL RECORD
An anecdotal report is descriptive
of incidents or events that are
important to the person observing.
Informal device used by a teacher
to record the behavior of student as
observed by him from time to time.
-written record or note of what a child says or does
within the context of classroom activities and routine.
Another way to collect information about children’s
development and learning.
PORTFOLIO ASSESSMENT
A portfolio assessment is a collection
of student works that are associated
with standards you are required to
learn.
It is often deemed an authentic form of
assessment because it includes
authentic sample of student’s work.
Many advocates of the portfolio
assessment argue that this makes it a
PROS using a Portfolio Assessment:
Demonstrates learning over the
course of time rather than what a
student knows a particular day.
CONS using a Portfolio Assessment:
Developing and assessing a
portfolio is time-consuming. It
takes a lot of effort from both the
teacher and the student and is
demanding endeavor in which you
can quickly fall behind.