CROP

PROTECTION
 CROP PROTECTION

PLANT PATHOLOGY ENTOMOLOGY WEED SCIENCE

 INTRODUCTION
TO
PL ANT PATHOLOGY
OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson, the students are expected to:
• Understand plant pathology as an art and science
• Understand the symptoms and signs
• Know the causal agents of plant disease
• Identify the causal agents of plant disease
WHAT IS PLANT PATHOLOGY?
• Comes from two Greek words, “pathos”
(suffering), and “logos” (study)
• Plant pathology is the study of the
suffering or diseases of plants caused by
pathogens and environmental conditions.
WHAT IS A DISEASE?
•Any malfunctioning of host cells and
tissues from continuous irritation by a
pathogenic agent or environmental
factor and leads to development of
symptoms (Agrios, 1997).
OBJECTIVES OF PLANT PATHOLOGY
The ultimate objective of plant
pathology is to prevent or minimize plant
diseases not only increase food production
but also maintain the quantity and quality of
the harvested fresh commodity until it reach
the consumer.
TWO IMPORTANT COMPONENTS OF
PLANT PATHOLOGY

1. As a Science
2. As an Art
1. As a Science
Understand the nature of plant diseases
i. Cause – etiology of plant disease
ii. Plant-pathogen interaction
iii. Factors affecting disease
development
iv. Means of control
2. As an Art
Applying knowledge gained in
science.
i. Disease diagnosis
ii. Assessment and forecasting
iii. Recommend control measure
SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS
• Symptoms – are the visible response of a
plant to biotic and/or abiotic factors that
result in a change or abnormality in the
plant.
SYMPTOMS

galls spot Rotting

SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS

•Signs – are the appearance and/or

physical evidence of the causal factor
of the plants abnormality.
 SIGNS
Bacterial ooze Mycelia Phytophthora
infestans
 CAUSAL AGENTS OF PLANT DISEASE

I. Parasitic Agents II. Non-parasitic agents

• Fungi or abiotic agents
• Bacteria
• Viruses
• Nematodes
• Parasitic Plants
CAUSAL AGENTS OF PLANT DISEASE
I. Parasitic agents
 Fungi – causes diseases like rusts,
mildew, blights, etc.
CAUSAL AGENTS OF PLANT DISEASE
Bacteria – responsible for diseases such as
bacterial wilt, soft rot, etc.
CAUSAL AGENTS OF PLANT DISEASE
Viruses – cause mosaic patterns, stunted,
ringspots, etc.
CAUSAL AGENTS OF PLANT DISEASE
• Nematode – causes disease like root galls,
cyst, etc.
CAUSAL AGENTS OF PLANT DISEASE
• Parasitic plants – plants like dodder and
mistletoe that depend on host plants for
nutrients
 CAUSAL AGENTS OF PLANT DISEASE
II. Non-parasitic or abiotic agents such as
Extremely high or excessively low temperatures
Unfavorable moisture conditions
Inadequate oxygen
Nutrient deficiencies
Toxicity of pesticides, etc.
NON-PARASITIC AGENTS
(Extremely high or excessively low temperatures)
Sunscalding Rusetting
NON-PARASITIC AGENTS
Reduced growth and death of corn-
Wilting seedlings
NON-PARASITIC AGENTS
Damage caused by herbicides
Inadequate oxgyen
NON-PARASITIC AGENTS
Nutrient deficiency
 Any
Question?
Identify what type of pathogens causes the
following plant diseases:
1. Anthracnose of mango 2. Bacterial
blight of rice
Identify what type of pathogens causes the
following plant diseases:
3. Rice tungro disease 4. Panama wilt of banana 5. Root-knot disease of tomato
SUMMARY
• Plant Pathology is the study of plant diseases
• Plant disease is any abnormal condition that alters the
appearance or function of a plant.
• Symptoms are the visible response of a plant.
• Signs are the physical evidence of the presence of a
pathogen
• The common type of plant pathogens are fungi, bacteria,
viruses, nematodes, parasitic plants, and non-parasitic agents
REFERENCES
• Agrios, G.N. 2005. Plant Pathology. 5th Ed., New York: Academic Press.
• Cooper, J. 2007. Master Gardener. WSU Extension, SJC.
• Naga, M. S. 2023. Coffee Disease Profiling in the Province of Sultan Kudarat. BSA Thesis. College of
Agriculture, University of Southern Mindanao, Kabacan, Cotabato. Pp 41-44
• https://www.jacksonville.com/story/lifestyle/home-garden/2018/08/03/garden-qampa-whats-killing-your-tomatoes-
probably-nematodes/11074348007/
• https://plantpath.ifas.ufl.edu/u-scout/tomato/tobacco-mosaic.html
• https://www.theadvocate.com/baton_rouge/news/environment/this-soil-bacteria-could-decimate-tomatoes-
peppers/article_09afe6f0-fff8-11ed-a9d2-9b74830a740b.amp.html
• https://www.greenlife.co.ke/papaya-ringspot/
• Reverchon, Sylvie & Nasser, William. (2013). Dickeya ecology, environment sensing and regulation of virulence
programme. Environmental microbiology reports. 5. 622-636. 10.1111/1758-2229.12073.
• https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/10.1079/cabicompendium.56978
• https://mayneconservancy.ca/mycelium-the-highway-under-the-soil/
• https://agrihunt.com/articles/pak-agri-outlook/kingdom-fungi-and-phytopathology-a-unique-perspective/
 REFERENCES
• https://www.ext.vsu.edu/blog/2020/9/3/downy-mildew-and-garden-diseases-on-the-rise?format=amp
• https://www.epicgardening.com/cucumber-mosaic-virus/
• http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/training/fact-sheets/pest-management/diseases/item/rice-grassy-stunt
• https://www.science.org/content/article/potato-farmers-conquer-devastating-worm-paper-made-bananas
• https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/gardens-gardening/your-garden/help-for-the-home-gardener/
advice-tips-resources/pests-and-problems/weeds/dodder
• https://www.britannica.com/plant/mistletoe
• https://apps.lucidcentral.org/pppw_v10/text/web_full/entities/mango_anthracnose_009.htm
• http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/decision-tools/rice-doctor/rice-doctor-fact-sheets/item/bacterial-
blight
• http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/training/fact-sheets/pest-management/diseases/item/tungro
• https://apps.lucidcentral.org/pppw_v10/text/web_full/entities/banana_fusarium_wilt_176.htm
• https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/root-knot-nematode-of-tomato
THANK YOU!