Functions of Plumbing,

Drainage and Pumps

Welcome to Training
Session
 Contents
• Introduction-Definition of plumbing
• Type of pipes and accessories used in plumbing
• Familiarise with traps used in drainage systems
• Familiarise with tools used in Plumbing
• Common symbols used in Plumbing
• Type of pipe jointing methods in Plumbing
• Introduction to Water heater
• Maintenance of water heater
• Maintenance of Plumbing and drainage systems--- Mixtures,
valves, grease traps, drainage lines, sanitary fittings etc.
• Do’s and Don’ts in Plumbing Maintenace
• Introduction to Valves
• Introduction of pumps
• Testing of pipe lines
• Feedback.
 INTRODUCTION

• Definition of plumbing
• The Plumbing system consists of water and drainage connections of
the facilities including the storage tanks, pipes,
accessories ,specialised equipments and sanitary fittings.
• The challenges in plumbing involves the flow of clean water with
sufficient pressure, free flow of drainage lines without blockages,
maintaining the high quality of water etc.
• The major maintenance issues are related to water leakage, bad
smell and blockages in drainage lines, damages to the sanitary
materials, pipes and equipments and performance of specialised
equipment's including water heaters.
 Pipes and accessories
P.V.C (Polyvinyl chloride) Pipe
Copper Pipe
PEX Pipe (High density polyethylene)
PPR Pipes
GI pipes
HDPE Pipes
Ductile Iron Pipes
Pipes and accessories

Thermostat Wash basin mixer with connector

Floor trap Johnson Coupling

PVC union PVC Male adaptor

Pipes and accessories

Angle valve

Slip on Flange Polythene Tee

45 deg Elbow PVC Y (or PVC Y Tee)

Pipes and accessories

PVC Tee WC connector

WC connector Connector for Float valve

Float valve PVC Tee

Pipes and accessories

Polythene reducer

NRV GI tee

GI elbow GI Nipple
Pipes and accessories

Ball Valve

Clamp

Gate valve Syphon set

Pipes and accessories

Urinal sensor assembly Urinal sensor-Front fascia

Urinal Bowl Soap dispenser-Sensor type

WC-Wall mounted WC-Floor mounted

Different Types of traps used in
Drainage Systems
• Type of Traps

1) Bottle trap
2) “P” Trap
3) “S” Trap
4) “U” Trap
5) Floor trap.
6) Gully Trap
7) Grease Trap.
Type of Traps

(P Trap) (S Trap) (Bottle Trap)

(Gully Trap)

(Grease Trap)
(Floor Trap)
 Basic tools

• Pliers (Parrot nosed)

• Pipe wrench
• Adjustable spanner
• Hacksaw
• Metal file
• Basin wrench
• Plumbers pipe cleaner
• Teflon tape
• Abrasive cloth (like sand paper)
• Measuring tape.
• Multi tip screwdriver
• Regular flat screwdriver
• Allen keys imperial/metric
• Spirit level.
Plumbing symbols
 Type of pipe fixing
• P.V.C pipes for portable water- fixed with pvc solvent cement (Glue) & used
of flange fittings (specially for industrial purpose) .
• P.V.C pipe for drainage system- there are three combination of fixing
methods
1)With glue.
2)Push fit with rubber over ring (Gasket)
3) Flange type.
• Copper pipes (specially for hot water & gas) - there are two methods of fixing
1) Soldering with copper fittings.
2) Using of compression fittings.

• Pex pipe –there are two method of fixing

1) Crimp or clamping method.
2) Push-fit fittings (compression fittings)
• PPR pipes-Electrofusion (or induction heating) with PPR welding machine
Water Heater
 Water Heater
Heating the Water
The thermostat controls the temperature of the water inside the
tank. Normally you can set the temperature between 120 and
180 degrees Fahrenheit (49 to 82 degrees Celsius). It is
generally recommended that you keep the temperature
between 120 to 140 degrees F (49 to 60 C) - especially if there
are children living in the house -- to prevent scalding. It also
saves energy. Normally, the thermostat is underneath a cover
plate and it has a knob or a screw that you can use to set the
temperature.
 Maintenance of water heater
• Functions of Anode
• Functions of Thermostat
• Functions of Heating element
• What is Safety valve??
• How the safety valve fails??
• What will happen if safety valve fails
• What to do when safety valve fails
 Maintenance of Plumbing and
Drainage systems
• Wash basin Mixture
• Shower mixture
• Head and tap inside mixtures
• Concealed valves
• Functions of Grease traps
• How the solid forms in grease trap
• Requirement of chemical dosing systems
 Maintenance of Plumbing and
Drainage systems
• Drainage clogging…………
• How to clear drainage blocks and clogging
 Maintenance of Plumbing
Systems
• Do’s and Don’ts
• Think and act Safely
• Share the knowledge with each other
• If doubtful or Confused-Ask for expertise
• No shame in asking
• Use proper tools and equipment's to avoid
accidents and delays
• Provide quality services
 Introduction to Valves
A. Different types of valves
Based on the type of opening and closing mechanism inside the valve

1. Gate valve-Normal type and OS&Y type

(Note: OS&Y-Optional screw and yoke)

2. Ball valve

3. Butterfly valve

4. Globe valve

Based on the operational principle

1. NRV (Non return valve)

2. Pressure reducing valve

3. Pressure relief valve

Based on the operation of handle

1. Rising stem

2. NRS valves (For example-NRS (Non rising stem) gate valves)

 Introduction to Pumps
B. Different types of Pumps
Based on the internal parts/operation

1. Centrifugal pumps

2. Reciprocating pumps

3. Screw pumps

4. Turbine Pumps

Based on the type of suction

1. Positive suction

2. Negative suction

Based on the position

1. Horizontal pumps (For example- Horizontal split case pump)

2. Vertical Pumps (For example –Vertical turbine pump)

Based on the stages of operation

1. Single stage pumps

2. Multi stage pumps

 Main usages of pumps

• Centrifugal pumps for fresh water usage

• Submersible pump for fresh water usage

• Sewage pumps

• Dewatering pumps
 Testing of pipe lines & check points of
fresh water system
• Ones you laid any kind of pipe line you should do the leak test before
commissioning the system.
• It can be pressurised method or smoke test.

• Important Tips & hints

1) Need to remove air lock from fresh water system if required.
2)Operation of foot valve.
3) cut off switch of water pump.
4)Need to check all operation of isolation valves & water dispensing points
of the system.
5)Abnomalities of the fresh water pump.
6)Operation of float valves.
7)Electrical Terminals of water pump.
8)Supports of pump & pipes.
9)pipe joints.
10)Operation of NRV.
Questions ?
THANKS