JE Works-Refreshers Course

7.2
Periodical cleaning of drainage
system Various sanitary fittings
and specifications.
 Periodical Cleaning of Drainage
System
The following operations shall be carried out
during periodical cleaning of a drainage system:-
a) The covers of inspection chambers and
manholes shall be removed and the side
benchings and channels scrubbed
b) The interceptive trap, if fitted, shall be
adequately cleaned and flushed with clean water.
Care shall be taken to see that the stopper in the
rodding arm is securely replaced.
 C.All lengths of main and branch drains shall be
rodded by means of drain rods and a suitable
rubber or leather plunger.
After rodding, the drains shall be thoroughly flushed
with clean water. Any obstruction found shall be
removed with suitable drain cleaning tools and the
system thereafter shall be flushed with clean water.

d) The covers of access plates to all gullies, shall be

removed and the traps plunged and flushed out
thoroughly with clean water. Care shall be taken not
to flush the gully deposit into the system.
e) Any defects revealed, as a result of
inspection or tests shall be made good.
f) The covers or inspection chambers and
gullies shall be replaced, bedding them
in suitable grease or other materials;
g) Painting of ladders/rings in deep
manholes and external painting of
manhole covers shall be done with
approved paints.
Sanitary fittings
Specifications, Testing and
Approval

Extract from Unified Standard Specification for

works & Material and IS codes
 We will discuss:-
•Different flooring systems
•Related items in USSOR
•Details of items
•Specifications, reference to codes etc
•Sampling and Testing
•Acceptance criteria
•Uses
•Brands, app rates in market for material
•Any special feature.
 Chapter: 15 of USSOR – Sanitary installations
• Different Items covered:
– Water Closet squatting Pan (Indian Type WC-Orissa Pattern)
– Vitreous China pedestal type Water Closet (European type WC Pan)
– Dual purpose water closet ( Anglo Indian Type)
– PVC flushing Cistern
– PVC flushing Cistern with controlled flush
– Plastic Seat Cover for European type WC Pan
– Vitreous China Flat back or wall corner type lipped front Urinal basin.
– PVC Automatic Flushing cistern
– Vitreous China Flat back Half stall Urinal
– Squatting Plate
– Vitreous China Wash basin
– Vitreous China Flat Back Wash basin
– Vitreous China Flat Back surgeon type Wash basin
– Vitreous China Flat Back Circular Wash basin
– Vitreous China Pedestal Wash basin
– Glazed Fire Clay Kitchen sink
– SS kitchen sink
 Water Closet squatting Pan
(Indian Type WC - Orissa Pattern)

• USSOR Item no: 151010/11

• IS:2556 Pt III
• Dimensional Tolerances:
– Long pattern and Orissa pattern
a) On dimension 50 mm and over ± 4 percent
b) On dimensions less 50 mm than ± 2 mm
c) On all angles ±3 deg.
Note: tolerances where not specified shall confirm to Pt I of the standard
 Tests at site: Flushing Test

• The long and Orissa patterns fitted with the trap with
which it purports to form a suite, shall satisfy the tests
as given in clause 8.2, 8.3 and 8.4 of IS:2556-Pt III.
• For carrying out these tests, a ten-litre flushing cistern
conforming to IS 774 : 1984 shall be fixed such that the
height between the top of closet pan and bottom of the
cistern is 1250 mm and the closet pan is connected
with the cistern by a 32 mm diameter pipe.
• Following tests are to be done:
 Toilet Paper test

• The pan shall be filled with water to its

nominal water seal level and charged with six
pieces of usual toilet paper or polythene sheet
of thickness 0.05 mm. approximately 150 X
115 mm in size and loosely crumpled. It shall
then be flushed. This test shall be repeated
four times and the pan shall discharge the full
charge of the paper at least thrice out of the
four times.
 Smudge Test
The whole of the interior surface of the pan to 40
mm below the flushing rim shall be smudged with
quartz powder of contrasting colour passing
through 1.18 mm IS Sieve and shall then be
flushed, carefully observing the surface of the pan
during the flushing.

Immediately after the flushing, there shall be no

smudge left on the pan.
 Water Holding Capacity Test
• The pan, when sealed at the outlet and vent
( if fitted ) with water tight seal, shall be
capable of holding not less than 10 litres of
water between the normal water-level and the
highest possible water level of the pan as
installed.
 SAMPLING, PROCESS INSPECTION AND
LOT INSPECTION
The recommended method of sampling, process
inspection and lot inspection shall be as given in
IS:9140-1985.
 Water closet (Wash Down Type)
• Two type of Wash Down Type closets are
available:
– With ‘P’ trap – Exit to wall
– With ‘S’ Trap – exit to floor
USSOR Item no. – 15120/30
• Water closets shall be of white vitreous china
conforming to IS : 2556 (Pt-I) and 2556 (Pt-II),
• Different types:
– Pattern 1, 2.
– Pattern 3
– Pattern 4
 Tests at site: Flushing Test
• Toilet Paper test, Smudge Test & water holding
tests are similar to Squatting Pan.
• Other tests to be done: Ball Test
– Single Ball test
– Fifty Ball Test.
 Single Ball Test
• The ball shall be made of non-absorbent
material.
• The relative density of the ball shall be
between 1.075 and 1.080.
• The diameter of the ball shall be 43 ± 0.5 mm.
• Place the ball into the water closet to be
tested and then flush the water closet.
• The ball shall be discharged in the normal
manner.
 Fifty Ball Test
• Fifty balls of non-absorbent material, having a
mass each of 3.7 ± 0.1 gm, and a diameter of
20 ± 0.1 mm shall be dropped into the water
closet bowl and flushed.
• Repeat the test five times.
• A minimum of 85 percent of all balls should be
flushed out in the five tests.
 Tests for All Vitreous Sanitary Appliances

• IS:2556 Pt-1
• PERMISSIBLE BLEMISHES OR DEFECTS:
• WC pans, Bidets, Squatting Pans, Urinals,
Partition Plates, Pedestals, Short Pedestals and
Accessories When examined from any point on
the viewing circle as illustrated in Fig. 1 of
IS:2556 Pt-1, the appliance shall not show, to
the unaided eye of a trained observer, blemishes
or defects in excess of those listed in Table 1.
 MINIMUM THICKNESS

• The thickness at any place in an appliance

shall not be less than 6 mm.
 TOLERANCES
Except where otherwise specified in various parts of this
standard; the following tolerances shall apply:

a) On dimensions 75 mm and more ± 2 percent of the

specified dimension or ± 2 mm whichever is more.

b) On dimensions less than 75 mm ± 5 percent of the

specified dimension or ± 2 mm whichever is more.

c) On the height of the flush outlet of P-traps, or

horizontal outlets ± 5 mm ; and

d) On all angles ± 3 degree.

 OTHER TESTS
• Warpage
• Crazing
• Water absorption
• Modulus of rupture
• Chemical resistance
• Resistance to Staining and Burning
Above tests may be done as per IS2556 Pt 1
 PVC Flushing Cistern
• IS:7231 shall be referred for details.
• Field tests:
– Test for Discharge Rate:
• Discharge time for 10 Ltr capacity ≤ 10 seconds.
• Discharge time for 05 Ltr capacity ≤ 06 seconds.
– Endurance Test:
• Flushing valve of randomly selected unit shall not leak
after 3000 operations.
 Wash Basins
• IS:2556-Pt 4 shall be referred for details.
• Sampling shall be according to IS:9140 :1985
THANKS