INJURY

PREVENTION,
SAFETY AND FIRST
AID
This lesson offers you a
wide range of
information that can
start you on the road
Welcome to your first
safety adventure!
Today, you will learn about
the basics of First Aid, its
meaning and importance.
 What comes first
to your mind when
you hear the term
 First Aid is an
immediate and
temporary care given to
a person who suddenly
gets ill or injured.
It includes self-help
and home care if
medical assistance is
not available or
delayed.
However, we must know
the limits of the first aid
we can give because
improper first aid can do
more harm than good in
some instances.
Objectives of First Aid
1. To save lives
2. To prolong life
3. To alleviate suffering
4. To prevent further injury
What are the Do’s
and Don’ts in
giving First Aid?
DO’S
1. CHECK IF THE AREA IS
SAFE
2. HAVE A PRESENCE OF
MIND
3. SECURE YOUR SAFETY
FIRST
DONT’S
1. DO NOT PANIC
2. DO NOT USE TOOTHPASTE ON
OPEN WOUNDS
3. DO NOT IMMEDIATELY
TRANSFER THE VICTIM,
CHECK FOR NECK FRACTURE
 Let’s
Recap!
 First Aid is an
immediate and
temporary care given to
a person who suddenly
gets ill or injured.
It includes self-help
and home care if
medical assistance is
not available or
delayed.
First Aid is an ______
and ________ care
given to a person who
suddenly gets
_______or _______.
It includes ______and
_________if medical
assistance is not
_____ or delayed.
Objectives of First Aid
1. To save lives
2. To prolong life
3. To alleviate suffering
4. To prevent further injury
Objectives of First Aid
1. To _____________
2. To _____________
3. To _____________
4. To _____________
 You did a
great job on
our first topic!
Welcome to your
second safety
adventure!
 This will be a very exciting safety
adventure because you will know
the proper procedures in assessing
emergency situations for
unintentional injuries and in doing
the primary and secondary surveys
of the victims.
1.What is CPR?
2.When will be the time to
give CPR to the victim?
3.Does anyone can perform
CPR to the victim?
Primary
survey
Primary survey of the
victim is used when the
victim is unconscious and
to find out and
immediately treat life-
threatening conditions.
 STEP 1:
CHECK THE
DANGER
To perform CPR on an
adult, first check the
danger. Are you or the
casualty in any
If yes, then remove
the danger. But if
that’s not possible,
move the casualty.
 STEP 2:
GET A
RESPONSE
Now get a response by
kneeling next to the
person and squeezing
their shoulders
Hold the hands
and ask them to
squeeze if they
 STEP 3:
SEND FOR HELP
CALL 143 (PRC)
If there’s no
response,
Call for an ambulance
or if another person’s
available, ask them
to do it.
 STEP 4:
OPEN AIRWAY
 Open the airway by
checking the person’s
mouth and removing
any obstructions with a
 Once the mouth is
clear, tilt the head back
to open the airway,
look-listen-and-feel for
 STEP 5:
CHECK FOR
BREATHING
 If they’re breathing,
gently roll them into the
recovery position, but if
you can’t detect normal
breathing, then start CPR
 STEP 5:
COMMENCE
CPR
30 compressions
of the chest
followed by 2
 If the person is still
unresponsive and not
breathing normally, apply a
defibrillator if one is available,
otherwise, keep doing CPR
until medical assistance arrive.
 Let’s
Recap!
Let’s recall the step-
by-step assessment
of PRIMARY
SURVEY
 STEP 1:
CHECK THE
DANGER
 STEP 2:
GET A
RESPONSE
 STEP 3:
SEND FOR HELP
CALL 143 (PRC)
 STEP 4:
OPEN AIRWAY
 STEP 5:
CHECK FOR
BREATHING
 STEP 5:
COMMENCE
CPR
 STEP 1:
___________
 STEP 2:
___________
 STEP 3:
___________
CALL 143 (PRC)
 STEP 4:
___________
 STEP 5:
___________
 STEP 5:
COMMENCE
___________
Secondary
Survey
Secondary survey is used
when the victim is conscious
or has revived. It aims to
detect everything about the
patient’s condition.
 Chest
Check for cuts, bruises, and other
impairments.
If the victim feels pain while you apply
pressure onto his/ her chest, there
could be a rib fracture.
 Abdomen
Does the victim’s abdomen hurt?
Where is the pain coming from?
Is his/ her abdomen tender?
Did you feel any lumps?
 Back
Is there movement in the victim’s
lower extremities?
Is there sensation in these parts?
If the answer is yes, do not move the
victim. Immobilize him/ her.
 Checking for Vital Signs
Vital signs are measurements of the body's most
basic functions. The 3 main vital signs routinely
monitored by medical professionals and health care
providers include the following:
*Body temperature
*Pulse rate
*Respiration rate (rate of breathing)
Body temperature is a measure of how well
your body can make and get rid of heat.
The body is very good at keeping its
temperature within a safe range, even when
temperatures outside the body change a lot.
The normal human body temperature range
is typically stated as 36.5–37 °C
 Fun Fact!
Your nose gets warmer when you lie.
Spanish scientists from the University of
Granada confirmed that the area around
your nose and eyes heats up when you
lie. This response can be recorded with a
thermal scan.
 Pulse rate
The pulse rate is a measurement of the heart rate, or the
number of times the heart beats per minute. As the heart
pushes blood through the arteries, the arteries expand and
contract with the flow of the blood. Taking a pulse not
only measures the heart rate, but also can indicate the
following:
 Heart rhythm
 Strength of the pulse
 Fun Fact:
Your heart rate drops while you sleep.
As you sleep, it’s common for heart rates to
drop below 60 beats per minute. Your
metabolism slows, which in turn slows
your heart and helps your body relax.
 Respiration rate
(rate of breathing)
The respiration rate is the number of breaths a
person takes per minute. The rate is usually
measured when a person is at rest and simply
involves counting the number of breaths for one
minute by counting how many times the chest
rises.
 Fun Fact:
Oxygen only plays a small part in
breathing. The air we breathe contains
21 percent oxygen, but our bodies only
use 5 percent — the rest is exhaled.
Assignment:
Demonstrate the proper
procedure in conducting basic
life support (PRIMARY AND
SECONDARY SURVEY).
Pass your video to your
Mapeh Teacher.