Introduction to community

health nursing
Prepare by humaira mehboob
Nursing instructer
Unite objective

 1.Define the term:

 Community
 Community health and
 Community health nursing
 Urban and rural communities
 2 . Discuss the historical background of community health nursing from public health
nursing.
 3. describe the philosophy of community health nursing.
 4. discuss the concepts of health , wellness, illness, disease.
 Discuss the roles of the community health nurse in community settings.
community

 Community mean large group of people living together at same specific boundary area for
the same common purpose E.g village , muhalla, city.
OR

 A group of people living in the same place or having a particular characteristic in common
and having common interests.
Community health

 community health is one means of achieving a healthy community.

 Community health is defined as the group of individuals living in a society who aims to
maintain, protect and improve the health of the people.
 It is a science & art preventing disease , prolonging life promoting health and efficiency
through organized and arrange efforts.
Community health nursing

 According to the American Nurses Association (ANA) as “the practice of promoting and
protecting the health of populations using knowledge from nursing, social and public
health sciences.

 Community health nursing is a knowledge of hygiene which provide look after to specific
area, people to preventing from disease.
Urban and rural communities
urban community
 An Urban community is a big city or town:
 An urban area includes the city itself, as well as the surrounding areas.
 Characteristics
 . Urban areas are very developed, meaning there is a density of human structures such as
 houses,
 commercial buildings,
 roads,
 bridges, and railways
 More populated
 Health facilities are available
Rural community

 A rural community are just simply opposite of urban areas. It is village area with no
commercial buildings.
 Characteristics of rural community
 Less populated
 People are less educated
 Proper health facilities are not available
 Usually unaware about health issues.
 Economically weak to afford health expenses.
Public health nursing

 Public health nursing is the practice of promoting and protecting the health of population
using knowledge of nursing, social and public health sciences.
Historical background of CHN

 Early home care with focus in sick and poor individual.

 District nursing with focus in sick and poor individual orientation, curative in prevention.
 Public health needs , focus in family and orientation in curative and prevention.
 Community health nursing focus in total community oriented to population health, services
address health promotion, illness prevention.
Philosophy of community health nursing:

 The primary goal of community health nursing is to help a community protect and preserve
the health of its members, while the secondary goal is to promote self-care among
individuals and families.

 CHN believe that every individual have need of health learning.

 CHN believe every one member of community has an equal right to get health care in
equal amount, irrespective of their gender, age, caste group , color , area social status &
religion.
 CHN believe that advancement in science and technology has a big positive role in
promotion of the health and prolonging life.
 CHN believes that prevention from disease and promotion of health is better than cure.
Health

 "Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social

well-being and not merely the absence of disease or
infirmity.
wellness

 It is condition when person is not suffering from any

major disease is called wellness.
illness

 A disease or period of sickness affecting the body or mind .

disease

 Any abnormality or failure to function properly , except that resulting directly from
physical injury.
 “Disease … is a pathological process, most often physical as in throat infection, or cancer
of the bronchus etc.
Role of CHN in community setting

 Health care provider

 Health educator
 Collaborator
 Counselor
 Advocate
 Researcher
 Manager
 Evaluator
 Consultant
careprovider

 process to provide direct nursing intervention to individuals, families, or population

groups
Educator

 Facilitate learning for positive health behavior change.

Advocate

 Speak or act on behalf of clients who cannot do so for themselves

Manager role

 Community health nursing nurses, like all nurses, engage in the role of managing health
services. As a manager, the nurse exercises administrative direction toward the
accomplishment of specified goals by
 Assessing client's needs.
 Planning and organizing to meet those needs.
 Controlling and evaluating the progress to ensure that goals are met. The nurse serves as a
manger when:
 Overseeing client care as a case manager.
 Supervising ancillary staff.
 Running clinics.
 Conducting community health needs assessment projects.
Collaborator Role

 Community health nurses seldom practice in isolation. They must work with many people,
including:-
 Other nurses
 Physicians teacher
 Social workers
 Physical therapist
 -Nutritionist
 Occupational therapist
 Psychologist
 Epidemiologist
 Biostatisticians
Researcher role

 the researcher role, community health nurses engage in systematic investigation,

collection, and analysis of data for solving problems and enhancing community health
practice.
counselor

 CHN conduct the counseling of individual , families , in the community in some social and
mental problems and also motivation of family planning , vaccination and removing the
some unhealthy behavior in people.