CYBERCRIME PREVENTION

LAW: STUDENTS'
AWARENESS OF ITS
ENFORCEMENT
Alcazaren, Artual, Bañon, Bedona, Blancaflor, Cabarles, Cabuguason
Background of the Study
The use of electronic and different media platforms has become a fundamental part of our daily routines,
influencing how we communicate, learn, conduct business, and even find entertainment via the internet.
They have fundamentally transformed the way we approach work, education, and information access,
significantly enhancing our lives by making things more efficient, convenient, and interconnected (Team,
U., 2023).

Cyberviolence is rampant all over the world, including the Philippines. Due to the violation of unauthorized connections
on accounts and private networks, many people suffer from scams that result in money and property being lost, and
recovering them is difficult (Villanueva, 2021).
Against this backdrop, the researchers decided to conduct the present study to determine the level of awareness of the
students at the PHINMA University of Iloilo regarding the enforcement of the cybercrime prevention law in light of
their interest in the topic 4 of the implementation of this law and their adherence to it.
Problem Statement
The present study aims to determine
the level of awareness of the
students towards the enforcement of
cybercrime prevention law at the
PHINMA University of Iloilo.
Specifically, this study seeks to answer the following questions:
What is the profile of the students in terms of sex, age,
course/college, and place of residence?
What is the level of awareness of the students towards the
enforcement of cybercrime law when taken as a whole group
and when classified according to the profile variables?
Is there a significant difference in the level of awareness of
the students towards the enforcement of cybercrime
prevention law when classified according to sex, age,
course/college, and place of residence?
 HYPOTHESIS
Based on the objectives given above, the
researchers came up with this hypothesis: There
is a significant difference in the level of
awareness of the students towards the
enforcement of 5 cybercrime prevention law at
the Phinma University of Iloilo.
 SCOPE AND LIMITATIAONS
This study focuses on investigating the level of awareness of the students towards the enforcement of
cybercrime prevention law. The data collection will be conducted during the second semester, from November
to March, at the PHINMA University of Iloilo. The respondents of this study will be the 120 selected enrolled
students of PHINMA University of Iloilo, SY 2023–2024, using a quota sampling method.
Moreover, this research employed a quantitative research approach, and the research team developed a custom-
made survey questionnaire. Before the actual data collection process, the questionnaire underwent a validation
process by an expert in the field to guarantee its reliability and validity. After gathering all the data, it was
carefully examined and analyzed through various statistical methods. This thorough process was put in place to
make sure that the research findings are trustworthy and solid.
 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
GOVERNMENT AND POLICY MAKERS
Government agencies and policymakers can use the study's insights to
assess the effectiveness of current cybercrime prevention laws and to
identify areas where policy improvements are needed. The findings
can inform the development of more targeted and informed
cybersecurity legislation.
GENERAL PUBLIC
The findings can benefit the general public by raising awareness about
cybercrime prevention legislation and promoting adherence to best
practices for online safety. This can ultimately lead to improved
cybersecurity for individuals and communities.

LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

Law enforcement agencies responsible for enforcing cybercrime laws It can use the result of the study to inform their curriculum and training
can benefit from a better understanding of public awareness and programs related to cybersecurity and cybercrime prevention, ensuring
adherence levels. This can aid in devising strategies for more effective that students are well-prepared to navigate the digital landscape.
enforcement and public cooperation.

FUTURE RESEARCHERS
Researchers in the field of cybercrime, law, and public policy can use this study as a reference for future research, building
upon its findings to explore related topics and expand the body of knowledge in cybersecurity.
 DEFINITION OF TERMS
AWARENESS
Denotes the state or capability of perceiving,
sensing, or being cognizant of events, objects, or
sensory patterns (Gafoor, K. A., 2012). In this study,
this term pertains to the dependent variable that will
be subject to manipulation by demographic profiles
and will be measured to yield results.
CYBERCRIME
Refers to the actions that breach legal boundaries
and are carried out through the utilization of
information and communication technology (ICT) to
target networks, systems, data, websites, and/or
technology, or to aid in the commission of a
criminal act (UNODC, 2020).
In this study, this term refers to the violations
carried out by the public in the use of computers or
the Internet.

CYBERCRIME LAWS
It is a legislation focused on the acceptable behavioral use of technology, including computer
hardware and software, the internet, and networks (Norwich University, 2019).
In this study, it refers to the laws implemented and abided by computer and internet users.
 DEFINITION OF TERMS
ENFORCEMENT PHINMA UNIVERSITY OF ILOILO
The action of compelling a party to comply with a is a for-profit private higher education institution
judgment where it has not been complied with located in the urban setting of the medium city of
voluntarily and the time ordered for compliance has Iloilo City, Western Visayas that offers courses and
expired (LexisNexis, 2023). programs leading to officially recognized higher
In this study, it refers to the active or effective education degrees such as bachelor's degrees,
application of the law. master's degrees and doctorate degrees in several
areas of study (RocketReach2004)). In this study,
this refers to the school where the study was
conducted.

STUDENT
A student is someone who has been admitted to the university to study for academic credit and has commenced
and has not otherwise exited the university (through successful completion or withdrawal) (Sterling University,
2019).
In this study, this term refers to the intended respondent to be measured and provide input in the study.
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
STUDENT’S PROFILE:
SEX
• Male
• Female
AGE CYBERCRIME
• Young (Below 21 years old) PREVENTION
• Young Adult (21 – 23 years old) LAW: STUDENTS'
• Middle Adult (Above 23 years old)
AWARENESS OF
COURSE/COLLEGE
THEIR
• College of Criminal Justice Education
• College of Education ENFORCEMENT
• College of Engineering AT THE PHINMA
• College of Information Technology UNIVERSITY OF
• College of Allied Health and Sciences ILOILO
• College of Management and
Accountancy
PLACE OF RESIDENCE
• City DEPENDENT VARIABLE
• Province
• Others
METHODOLO
GY
RESEARCH DESIGN
The research titled "CYBERCRIME PREVENTION LAW: Students'
Awareness of its Enforcement" adopted the descriptive research method, a
type of investigation designed to gain a comprehensive understanding of a
specific phenomenon or group. Unlike studies that involve making
predictions or testing hypotheses, descriptive research focuses on collecting
abundant information to precisely depict the subject of inquiry.
THE RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY
The respondents of this study are the 120 enrolled students in different
colleges or courses of the PHINMA University of Iloilo, Iloilo City who
were selected through quota sampling. The researchers gathered an equal
number of students to answer the survey questionnaire in each college or
course, each item in the population had an equal and likely chance of being
picked in the sample.
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
The study utilized a custom-made survey questionnaire to
systematically collect data from students at PHINMA University
of Iloilo, Iloilo City. The primary focus was to assess the
students' level of awareness towards the enforcement of
cybercrime prevention law. The questionnaire comprised three
37 integral parts. Part I included an information sheet to set the
context and purpose of the study. Part II delved into gathering
the information about the profile of the respondents. Part III, the
core section, consisted of 15 statements related to cybercrime
prevention law enforcement. These statements aimed to measure
the students' understanding and awareness of the relevant legal
measures in place. Each item was provided with responses on a
4-point Likert scale with 1= Strongly Disagree, 2= Disagree, 3=
Agree, 4= Strongly Agree to measure all the items.
VALIDITY OF THE INSTRUMENT
According to Stewart (2024) validity signifies the extent to
METHODOLO
which a study accurately reflects or assesses a specific concept,
ensuring that the study investigates precisely what it purports to
GY
RELIABILITY OF THE INSTRUMENT
As a result of the reliability analysis, the Cronbach alpha
examine.
coefficient of the 15 items test was .948 which indicated that the
To ensure the validation the questionnaire was completed in
instrument was highly reliable and ready to use for the conduct of
consecutive stages. First, the researcher consulted the validators
the study to actual respondents.
to comment on the questionnaire and suggest changes in terms of
DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE
its clarity, language accuracy, and the degree of conformity in
In gathering the data, the researchers used two techniques to
every question with the field under which were classified,
achieve the research objective: 1) personally handing out the
modified, or comment upon whatever the referee deemed
survey to students using their mobile phones: and 2) using
appropriate to validate the research questionnaire. Second, after a
Facebook Messenger, sharing the Google links with their
series of discussion sessions with the panel of validators, the
classmates who are under the same college or course. During the
validity of the questionnaire was established. Third, the revised
administration of the survey, the researcher had the opportunity to
questionnaire was reviewed and checked by the researchers’
explain to the respondents the purpose and benefits of the study,
adviser to ensure a thorough refinement of the ideas. Lastly, the
clarified each item, and assured the respondents of the
survey questionnaires were utilized for the distribution.
confidentiality of their identities and responses. All responses are
subject to statistical treatment.
 DATA ANALYSIS PROCEDURE
INTERPRE-
RESPONSE DESCRIPTION SCALE
TATION
To determine the level of
awareness of the students at
the PHINMA University of
4 Strongly
Agree
3.26-4.0 Highly
Aware

Iloilo, Iloilo City towards the

enforcement of the
3 Agree 2.52-3.2 Aware

cybercrime prevention law,

the following scale, 2 Disagree 1.76-2.50 Not Aware

1
description and interpretation
Strongly Highly Not
were used. Disagree
1.0-1.75 Aware

LEGEND
 STATISTICAL TOOLS
MEAN PERCENTAGE

This was employed to determine the mean, which involves

This represents the proportion of respondents in terms of a
adding up a set of data and then dividing the sum by the total
percentage. This was used to determine the number of
number of data points. It was used to measure the level of
respondents being examined for specific characteristics
awareness of the students towards the enforcement of
depending on frequency.
cybercrime prevention law.

FREQUENCY - It represents the frequency used to calculate the required number of respondents for each profile variable. For
inferential statistics, the following statistical tools were used:

KRUSKAL-WALLIS H TEST MANN-WHITNEY U TEST

Is a statistical technique that assesses potential difference when
respondents were classified according to different variables
having more than two categories. This was used to determine
significant differences in terms of the respondents’ age,
course/college, and place of residence.
This was used to assess the variation in the distinction
of students about their level of awareness towards the
enforcement of cybercrime prevention law when they
were classified as to sex.
TABLE 1. PROFILE
OF THE
RESPONDENTS
 TABLE 2. LEVEL OF
AWARENESS OF THE
STUDENTS AT PHINMA
UNIVERSITY OF ILOILO
TOWARDS THE
ENFORCEMENT OF
CYBERCRIME PREVENTION
LAW AS A WHOLE GROUP AND
WHEN CLASSIFIED
ACCORDING TO SEX, AGE,
COURSE/COLLEGE, AND
PLACE OF RESIDENCE
 TABLE 3.1. MANN-WHITNEY U TEST SHOWING THE
SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE IN THE LEVEL OF
AWARENESS OF THE STUDENTS AT PHINMA
UNIVERSITY OF ILOILO TOWARDS THE ENFORCEMENT
OF CYBERCRIME PREVENTION LAW WHEN CLASSIFIED
IN TERMS OF SEX
 TABLE 3.2. KRUSKAL WALLIS TEST
SHOWING THE SIGNIFICANT
DIFFERENCE IN THE LEVEL OF
AWARENESS OF THE STUDENTS AT
PHINMA UNIVERSITY OF ILOILO
TOWARDS THE ENFORCEMENT OF
CYBERCRIME PREVENTION LAW
WHEN CLASSIFIED IN TERMS OF AGE,
COURSE/COLLEGE, AND PLACE OF
RESIDENCE
 SUMMARY OF
PROBLEM METHOD The respondents of this study were one hundred twenty

(120) students of PHINMA University of Iloilo. The

This descriptive study was conducted to determine the
researchers used Google Forms to gather data and
level of awareness of the students at the PHINMA
distribute it via various electronic media platforms.
University of Iloilo towards the enforcement of
Following that, the data was encoded, tallied, processed,
cybercrime prevention law. The respondents were
and interpreted using SPSS.
classified in variables such as sex, age, college/course, and
This study calculated the descriptive statistics using
place of residence.
frequency count, percentage, and mean. Inferential
Furthermore, it aimed to identify significant differences in
statistics were calculated using the Mann-Whitney U test
the level of awareness of the students at PHINMA
and Kruskal-Wallis test. Furthermore, the researchers
University of Iloilo towards the enforcement of
ensured that the data provided by the respondents was kept
cybercrime prevention law based on their sex, age, course,
private.
and year level.
 Summary of Problem
Method
Specifically, this study seeks to answer the following questions:

What is the profile of the students in terms of sex, age, course/college, and place of
residence?

What is the level of awareness of the students towards the enforcement of cybercrime law
when taken as a whole group and when classified according to the profile variables?

Is there a significant difference in the level of awareness of the students towards the
enforcement of cybercrime prevention law when classified according to sex, age,
course/college, and place of residence?
 FINDING
After S the data to
subjecting statistical
treatment, the following are the vital findings
of the study:
The respondents of this study were the 120 students
of PHINMA University of Iloilo to which when
classified as to sex, both male and female were
equally selected. In terms of their age, most of the
students are Young Adults aged 21 – 23 years old. In
terms of their course/college, the number of students
were equally selected in each department. And as to
their place of residency, most of the students live in
the province.
As a whole, the level of awareness towards the enforcement of
cybercrime law of the students at PHINMA University of Iloilo
was “Highly Aware”. When classified as to sex, both males and
females were “Highly Aware”. When classified as to age,
students who are young, young adult and adult were “Highly
Aware”. When classified as a course/college, the College of
Criminal Justice Education (CCJE), College of Education
(COE), College of Information Technology (CITE), and College
of Management and Accountancy (COM) were "Highly Aware”,
while the College of Engineering (COA) and College of Allied
Health and Sciences (CAHS) are classified as "Aware". Lastly,
when classified by place of residence, most of the students were
from the province. There was no significant difference in the
level of awareness of the students towards the enforcement of
cybercrime prevention law at Phinma University of Iloilo when
classified as to sex, age, and place of residence. However, there
is a significant difference when they were classified as to their
respective departments.
 CONCLUSIO
NS
In view of the findings of the study, the following
When it comes to sex, age, and place of residence, there
conclusions were drawn:
is no significant difference in the level of awareness of
The profile of the respondents is due to the use of quota
the students. Effective dissemination across different
sampling techniques in selecting the participants of the
profile categories means that the efforts to promote
study. The current study shows that the awareness towards
awareness and knowledge about cybercrime prevention
the enforcement of cybercrime prevention law of the
law have been successful. However, when it comes to
students of PHINMA University of Iloilo when classified as
the course/college the level of awareness of the students
a whole and as to their profile variables were very high.
varies. This means that there is a varying emphasis on or
This means that there is a consistent and elevated
exposure to topics related to cybercrime prevention
understanding among students regarding the legal aspects
within different academic disciplines.
and preventive measures related to cybercrime.
 RECOMMENDATIO
In view of the findings of NS
the study, the following Additionally, colleges should regularly evaluate the
conclusions were drawn: effectiveness of their cybersecurity education programs.
To address the varying levels of awareness among students This involves seeking feedback from students,
regarding cybercrime prevention, it is crucial to implement a
conducting assessments of their knowledge and skills in
comprehensive and standardized educational approach across
cybercrime prevention, and staying abreast of the latest
all academic disciplines. This could involve integrating specific
developments in the cybersecurity landscape. Continuous
modules or courses related to cybersecurity in the curriculum,
improvement in educational content and methodologies
ensuring that students from diverse fields receive fundamental
will contribute to a higher overall awareness among
knowledge about cyber threats, prevention strategies, and
students, fostering a culture of cybersecurity
ethical digital practices. By making cybersecurity education a
consciousness that extends beyond specific disciplines.
common thread in all courses, colleges can contribute to a
more informed and cyber-resilient student body.
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45 Of 2023. Forbes Advisor. Retrieved from
https://www.forbes.com
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