Prepared: Salmanov İlkin, Gasimov Ali,

Babayev Bashir, Bagirov Izzet, Eyvazli Nihad

Theme: Citizenship of the Republic of

Azerbaijan

Teacher: Nuriyeva Gunesh

 The Republic of
Azerbaijan
 Azerbaijan first became independent in 1918. It
was first democratic Parliamentary republic in
The Muslim World
(28 May 1918 - 18 April 1920 occupied by Soviet Army)
 Restored independence in 1991
 Capital: Baku
 Territory: 86 600 km²
 Population: 8 436 000 Official
 language: Azerbaijani
 State structure: Presidential republic
 Currency: Azerbaijani manat
As a result of the war between Iran and Russia, the Turkmanchay
Agreement was signed between these two Nations in 1828

 Azerbaijan was
divided into two
parts.

 The Southern
Azerbaijan part
was attached to
Iran,

 and the Northern

part was attached
to Russia.
 Azerbaijan is considered one of the ancient places
of the world
 Most ancient archeological and paleontological
materials recently found in the territory of
Azerbaijan prove that first primitive men settled
here 1.7-1.8 million years ago.
 Discovery 1968 year of jaw bone of Azikhantrop
who lived here 300-400 thousand years ago in a
cave of Azikh located near Fuzuli city, which is
under occupation of Armenia, also is one of the
proofs demonstrating that this country
was a settlement of primitive men Based
 on this discovery, Azerbaijan was
included to the “The oldest inhabitants of the
Europe map.
 Since an ancient period of time its name was
Odlar Yurdu (Fire Lands).

 People who lived here very long time ago were fire worshippers
 There are eternal hearths remaining from ancient time
 People are still surprised when they see “burning soil” in Yanardag
 Fascinating from History…
Shah Ismail Khatai, the thinker poet and distinguished statesman of
Azerbaijan founded Safavi Empire in the 16th century

 During Safavi’s
period of time
Azerbaijan was a
great and
powerful State.
Novel History …Occupied territory
 The collapse of USSR in late 1991 was
followed by the change in the
geopolitical situation on post-Soviet
area. Armenian with Russian Army
support in fact open unfair war against
Azerbaijan. Armenian military troops,
violating the borders of Azerbaijan,
entered Karabakh and conjointly with
Armenian separatists of Upper
Karabakh occupied Azeri lands

 20% of Azerbaijan territory under

occupation
 More that 1mln refuges
 More were 40000 killed
 Nature ….Landscape
 Azerbaijan is characterized by a diversed landscape. There are
two major forms of landscape-plains and mountains.

 Mountains cover 60% of the total area of the Azerbaijan

republic
 Inland Water
 The dense river system of the country
covers its territory like a blue spider's
web

 Azerbaijan accounts for 8400 small and large

rivers, including 850 over 5 kilometers in length.
But there are only 24 rivers extending to
over 100 kilometers
 Nearly 250 fresh and salty lakes, differing
by the sources of feeding and by origin

 There are more than 200 mineral water

springs with different chemical ingredients
Vegetation…
 Azerbaijan has a rich flora. Almost all types of plants, found in the
world are spread on the territory of this relatively small
country
 Nearly 4500 species of higher, spore-bearing flowering plants
 Nearly 240 species are endemic and it is home to a number of rare
trees and bushes
 Forests account for 11.4% of the total area of the country
Fauna
…Due to the diverse natural

conditions Azerbaijan formed a
colorful animal kingdom

 The fauna of plains is

represented by a great number
of mammals, reptiles,
amphibians and numerous
sedentary and migrant birds

 Unfortunately, the number of

Caspian seals decreased from
1.5 million in early 20th
century down to 360-400
thousand in 1980th
The minerals…
 The region accounts for most part of metallic minerals: iron,
manganese, titanium, chromium, copper, cobalt, complex ore,
antimony, gold, silver, molybdenum, etc

 Azerbaijan is famous for its oil and gas deposits

 2/3 of the republic is rich in oil and gas

 DID YOU KNOW THAT…
 10th Century
Arabian historian Masudi-Abdul-Hussein (9th
century-957) identified two main sources of black
oil and white oil (kerosene) on Absheron.

 In 1846 - more than a decade before the

Americans made their famous discovery of oil in
Pennsylvania - Azerbaijan drilled its first oil well
in Bibi-Heybat

 In 1901, Baku produced more than half of the

world's oil (11 million tons), and 95 percent of
all Russian Empire oil
Zeynalabdin Taghiyev
Ludvig Nobel
 As of January 1, 1916, the four main
companies, which led the Baku oil industry
included the Nobel Brothers Petroleum
Company (Alfred and Robert Nobel) and
“Standard Oil” of John D. Rockefeller

The students of Oil Academy

 Naftalan - The Miracle Oil
Azerbaijan's Therapeutic Oil
 Naftalan is a rare type of oil that is used only for
medicinal purposes. Azerbaijani doctors have
prescribed it for years to successfully treat
various skin, joint and bone diseases such as
psoriasis, arthritis and rheumatism

 Naftalan is extracted from only one place in

Azerbaijan - in the north - central part of the
country. The town takes its name from the oil,
"Naftalan", which comes from the Azeri for "neft
alan" (oil buyer)

 Naftalan is different from other types of oil in that

its purified form has a high concentration of
naphthene hydrocarbons, about 55 percent. Other
kinds of oil have a much lower concentration,
about three to five percent
 Culture … Folklore
 The classical music of Azerbaijan is called
mugam and is usually a suite with poetry
and instrumental interludes
 UNESCO proclaimed the
Azerbaijani mugam tradition a
Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible H
on November 7, 2003.

 There are a number of Azerbaijani dances,

these folk dances of the azerbaijani people are
old and extremely melodious. It has a very fast
rhythm, so the dancer must have inherent skill